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Charlestown lead section[edit]

Charlestown became a city in 1848, and was annexed by Boston on January 5, 1874. With that, it also switched from Middlesex County, to which it had belonged since 1643, toSuffolk County. It has had a substantial Irish American population since the migration of Irish people during the Great Irish Famine of the 1840s. Since the late 1980s the neighborhood has changed dramatically because of its proximity to downtown and its colonial architecture. A mix of Yuppie and Upper-middle class gentrification has enhanced much of the area, as it has in many of Boston's neighborhoods, but Charlestown still maintains a strong Irish American population and "Townie" identity. In the 21st century, Charlestown's diversity has expanded dramatically, along with growing rates of the very poor and very wealthy. Today Charlestown is residential neighborhood that contains many housing near the waterfront which overlooks the Boston skyline. Charlestown is home to many historic sites, hospitals, and organizations. With easy access to Charlestown from the Orange line Community College stop or 93 expressway, Charlestown is an historic place to visit.

History

Charlestown is one of the oldest neighborhoods which was founded in 1629. According to Boston Redevelopment Authority, Charlestown situated just across the harbor and to the north of Downtown, Charlestown is home to the Bunker Hill Monument and historical Charlestown Navy Yard. Looking at Charlestown today it is an attractive residential neighborhood which is made u[ of brick and wood row house and public housing. In previous years, waterfront condominiums and apartments have been added to the housing mix. The Navy Yard is now a popular national park which makes the southern edge of the neighborhood. The residents and visitors can enjoy stunning views of the Boston skyline from the Navy Yard's green spaces and piers.

During the year of 1895, their was several business that were created like Stickney and Poor Spice company that was at the corner of Cambridge and spices. this Stickney and Poor Spice company was the leading manufacturer of spices in which won a Gold Medals winner. In the early 1830s, the Diamond Match Company was a place making wood and inexpensively at a cost of a 1 cent for 300 matches, but by the bunch they would be 104 matches for 25. The biggest thing that happened in Charlestown was the creation of Ale which was made in Charlestown.The name was given Bunker Hill Brewery bottled Ale and is only malt liquor that was used in Massachusetts General and the Boston City Hospital. The last company in twentieth Century there was a Candy Company that was called Schraffi's Candy Company.

Old Charlestown

In the nineteenth Century, a company called J.O. Chase and Company which would horse-drawn cabs that would be hired to get from on place to another.Carriages and wagon were available during this time in the Century. Gas Company was one of the biggest output of a hundred million feet of gas that was the turn of the century. The Company that would make Jellies, preserves, canned goods,pickles, and sauces in their factory on Charles River Avenue in the City Square.

Before the 20 Century, Harvey Hood had founded his milk empire in Derry, New Hampshire which was named Henry E. Wright and Son. They would collect the milk from dairy farms in the area, which would be shipped it to Boston dealers daily. Later in the year, found out that the raw milk would transmit disease he changed his ways to pasteurization of milk which eliminated the threat of disease.

Charlestown, you can have a night out with restaurants and shops thrive alongside the oldest tavern in Massachusetts which is Warren Tavern this area is very unique flavor. The waterfront is kept busy by the boasts two marinas, constitution marina and shipyard Quarters Marina. Charlestown Chamber of Commerces supports the local business owners. Major tenants of the area include Bunker Hill Community College, Spauling Rehabilitation Hospital, and a Branch of Massachusetts General Hospital

Geography

In Charlestown, their are parks called The Bunker Hill Industrial Park that is between Bunker. The Navy Yard is knowing of the most popular National Park, which forms the southern edge of the neighborhood. People can enjoy stunning views of the Boston Skyline from the Navy Yard's green spaces and piers .

Charlestown Chamber of Commerce is one of the most major tenants of the areas that includes Bunker Hill Community College.

The Commandant's House was at the Navy Yard the structure of the house was impressive double-swell bay facade on red brick. The Middle of Boston Neighborhood Census told that the citywide trends have a great prevalence of single-female household with children that are in poverty. The biggest population growth fueled by the elderly, young adults and foreign-born people. The number of elderly is between 65 and over was only in 11 percent of the population also has 1,947 residents in Charlestown. Residential developers have seized up buildings like larger apartment buildings. Hotels developments that are more close to the city's center and close to public transportation. Luxury residential developer that spend over 15 million for a vacant warehouse building in the Industrial Park.

Demographics[edit]

The population of the oldest neighborhood in Boston has gone through a lot of changes today according to U.S Census Bureau from the 2007-2011 report the population of Charlestown was 16,685 people. Charlestown population includes 7,843 male and 8,842 female. The majority of population consists of White 12,587 (75.4%), Black or African 1,227 (7.4%), Asian 1,253 (7.5%), Two or More Race 371 (2.2%), Hispanic or Latino 1,227 (7.4%). The largest age group in Charlestown is 25 to 29 years old (14.6%), the second largest age group is 30 to 34 years (12.3%) and the third largest age group is 35 to 39 years (9.7%). The median houshold income is $89,017 and the median income of families is $100,725.Despite this median income 17% percent of the population and 37% of the children live below the Federal Poverty Line ^[3]. The total population consist of 15.9 % Foreign Born, 48.5% in Naturalized Citizen and 51.5% are not U.S Citizen. ^[1] There is also a rise in the minority population from 4.9% in 1990 to 23.5% in 2010 ^[3]. The median income for Whites is $103,652, Black or African American is $12,143, Hispanic or Latino $30,833, Asian Alone $61,875 and other $16,876. ^[1] For married-couple's family 32.4% are living in poverty for families. For male householder with no wife present 3.4% live in poverty and for female householder with no husband 64.2 % live in poverty for families.^[1]

Urban Policy

Transportation Policy

• Transportation Policy- City Councilor Sal La Mattina "is fighting to keep MBTA late night service running because is a section of population here that work in Boston's top restaurants and hotels as cooks, waiters, and bartenders that need the service to get back to Charlestown". The MBTA Fiscal and Management Control Board is going to raise fare charges for the whole MBTA service with an increase of approximately 9.3 percent which will start in the beginning of July 2016. "The Cost of a subway using a Charlie Card will increase from $ 2.10 to $ 2.25 , and bus rides paid with a Charlie Card will rise from $ 1.60 to $ 1.70. The monthly passes for bus and subway rides will go from $ 75 to $ 84.50. Commuter rail monthly passes will jump by 10 percent , and the increase for individual commuter rail rides will range from 7.1 to 10 percent depending on distance traveled according to MBTA".

Housing Policy

Charlestown diversity has expanded dramatically, along with growing rates of both the very poor and very wealthy. Charlestown's minority population in 2010 was 23.5%, up significantly from 4.9% in 1990. Charlestown median income is 76,898 is the highest in the City of Boston, however 17% of the entire Charlestown population and 37% of Charlestown's children live below the Federal Poverty Level, well above Boston's child poverty rate of 28%

• Bunker Hill Public Housing Development- The Bunker Hill Public Housing has divided Bunker Hill Street into two Charlestowns. The housing development company Corcoran-SunCal plans to make changes and replace the 1,100 affordable units. "While preserving the affordable units, Corcoran-SunCal will also create approximately 1,700 additional market and moderate-rate units".This company will allow all current residents to move back in the housing complex. According to Barnet (project manger) "by creating both affordable and market rate housing at the site the area will become a more thriving section of the neighborhood, a destination area for residents from all over a Charlestown and a high quality place for people to live".

Transportation

According to the Census from 2010-2014 53.7% of the population will drive to work and 30.0% will take a some form of public transportation to get to their jobs^[4]. Charlestown MA is accessible by several forms of public transportation such as the train, bus and also ferry transportation. The transportation that is available is the subway MBTA Orange Line. The major stop is Community College located near Bunker Hill Community College . The buses that are available is 93 which goes from Sullivan Station-Downtown Via Bunker Hill Street and Hay Market Station^[5]. Another bus is the 92 which runs from Assembly Square Mall- Downtown via Sullivan Square Station Main Street and Haymarket Station^[6]. Charlestown is also accessible by the Charlestown Navy Yard Ferry Terminal ^[7]. The cost to ride the Boat is $3.25 for Inner Harbor Ferry, $8.50 for Commuter Boat, $17.00 for Hingham or Hull to Logan Airport^[7]. The cost of the bus is $1.60 CharleCard, $2.10 CharlieTicket/Cash on Board. The cost to ride the subway is $2.10 with a CharlieCard with the CharleTicket/Cash-on-board cost $2.65 as of April, 2016 ^[8].

Highways

The Leonard P.Zakim Bunker Hill Memorial Bridge is 1,42 feet long and crosses the river to make connections with I-93 and Route 1. The bridge is able to hold northbound traffic that goes from the Sumner Tunnel and the North End. These bridge was also built to accomdote the Orange Line and the MBTA building^[9] . The Lenoard P. Zakim Bridge is the first hybrid bridge that was built in the United States^[9].

Education[edit]

Charlestown is home to many schools, public and private institutions. Charlestown public school system is run by the Boston Public Schools system.

Early Childhood Education[edit]

• Charlestown Nursery School

Primary and secondary schools[edit]

• Harvard/Kent Elementary School,^[1]
• Clarence R. Edwards Middle School,^[2]
• Warren-Prescott K-8 School,^[3]
• Charlestown High School are located in Charlestown.^[4]

Colleges and universities[edit]

• Bunker Hill Community College's main campus is located in Charlestown.^[5]
• MGH Institute of Health Professions, a graduate school founded by Massachusetts General Hospital, is in the Charlestown Navy Yard neighborhood
• Computer Systems Institute -CSI’s Charlestown/Boston campus is located on the second floor of the legendary Schrafft Center in Boston’s Sullivan Square
• Eunice Kennedy Shriver Center at UMass Medical School in Charlestown.

Hospitals and Healthcare

• Mass General: Charlestown Healthcare Center-MGH Charlestown Healthcare Center is a part of Massachusetts General Hospital. MGH Charlestown has been providing the Charlestown community since 1968. MGH Charlestown works closely with local school and community organizations to provide programs that truly benefit Charlestown's culturally diverse populations.
• Spaulding Rehabilitation Center- outpatient facility.
• NEW Health Charlestown-The city of Charlestown has been hit hard with the opioid crisis. While reading an article in the Boston Globe online data base, it explains that Charlestown has been hit nearly twice as hard with deaths related to substance abuse than any other MA town. To accommodate with this crisis they recently opened a new clinic called NEW Health Charlestown. This facility will also join an existing clinic in the neighborhood run by MASS General Hospital. This new independent facility will have a staff of 26 primary care physicians from dentist to substance abuse counselors.

• Jump up^ "Harvard/Kent Elementary School." Boston Public Schools. Retrieved on May 23, 2010.
• Jump up^ "Clarence R. Edwards Middle School." Boston Public Schools. Retrieved on May 23, 2010.
• Jump up^ "Warren/Prescott K-8 School." Boston Public Schools. Retrieved on May 23, 2010.
• Jump up^ "Charlestown High School." Boston Public Schools. Retrieved on May 23, 2010.

Organization

Charlestown is home to several organizations and non-profits including

• Life Focus Center of Charlestown,[5]

( www. idealist.org/) a multi-service community-based organization in Charlestown, Ma , committed to meet the vocational and social needs of people with disabilities. LFC's mission is to help its constituents achieve community integration through economic self-sufficiency and social independence. LFC is all about giving people with disabilities a chance to succeed by providing targeted services and positive options to individuals, families ., and communities.

• Charlestown Boys & Girls Club, [6]

( www. bgcb.org/) is to help boys and girls generally from disadvantaged circumstances. The Club facilities and age-appropriate setting create a sense of physical and emotional safety for our members and our staff make the Club feel like home fostering a family atmosphere. The Boys & Girls Club develop critical thinking physical , social, technological, artistic and life skills by participating in interactive activities intentionally designed to support their development and overall well-being.

• Charlestown Community, [7]

(www. guidestar.org/) is a non-profit organization that committed to creating communities that celebrate life mission statement Charlestown Community is formed exclusively for educational and charitable purposes including the promotion of the health of the elderly through the provision of a residential community offering varlous levels of services for elderly persons.

• Charlestown Lacrosse & Learning Center, [8]

(www.charlestownlacrosse.com) is a educational services, as well as athletic opportunities through the sport of lacrosse, to the youth of Charlestown and surrounding neighborhoods. CLLC has helped youth and adolescents develop into not only successful students, but also contributing members of the community.

• Heading Home,[9]

(www.headinghomeinc.org/) is a non-profit organization that provides emergency, transitional and permanent housing, and support services, to low- income homeless and formerly homeless families and individuals in the communities of Boston. The name reflects, the believe that a stable home provides the optimal foundation to get back on track; the programs focus heavily on assessment, engagement, individual goal-setting and securing permanent housing for our clients as quickly as possible.

• Kennedy Center, [10]

( www. kennedycenter,org/) is a non-profit organization that provides individuals and families in need services, opportunities, and the tools they require to lead productive and fulfilling lives. the Kennedy Center focuses on r integrity and protect the welfare of individuals with whom they work. the primary obligation of the agency's is to our program participants.

• Visiting Nurse Association of Boston & Affiliates,[11]

( www.bostonvna.org/) is a non-profit organization that is one of the largest home health care agencies in New England with over 500 employee. The VNA of Boston provides over 183,00 certified home health care visits to more than 12,000 patients in 2013. VNA is great pride in free care program and in 2013 clinicians provided this services to 1,322 patients without insurance or resources to pay for care. they care for 5,074 infants and provide education to their mothers on how to take care of their babies.

Leisure Activities[edit]

Bunker Hill Monument[edit]

The Bunker Hill Monument located at Monument Square, Charlestown. The height of the Monument is 221 feet and is the place of the first major battle of the American Revolution on July 17, 1775. Vistors who visit the Monument can climb the 294 steps to get to the top of the monument ^[10] Bunker Hill Monument. Across the Bunker Hill Monument vistors can also go to visit the Battle of the Bunker Hill Monument Museum. Vistors that go to visit the museum can see a lot of artifacts and murals. Vistors who want to get more information can call 617-242-5641 and for group tours vistors can call 617-242-5689. Vistors that also want to go on more tours can join the Freedom Trail foundation tours which also features the Bunker Hill Monument as a site ^[11]. Vistors who want to go on the Freedom Trail Tours can call 617-357-8300 for more information ^[11].

USS Constitution and the Charlestown Navy Yard[edit]

The USS Consitution is the oldest warship boat that is still floating in the world. The boat was launched in 1797 and was one of six boats that was asked by President Washington to built to help to protect the interest of maritime. The location of the USS Consitution and Charlestown Navy Yard is located at 1 Constitution Road, Charlestown. As of today the Navy Yard is under the National Park Service that is an organization that helps to preserve history ^[12] USS Constitution.

Warren Tavern[edit]

The Warren Tavern was first opened in 1780. The Tavern is located on 2 Pleasant Street in Charlestown. The building was one of the first buildings to be built in the 1780 after the Battle of Bunker Hill in 1775 ^[13].The Tavern got their name from Joseph Warren who was born in Roxbury Massachusetts on June 14, 1711 even through he studied to become a physician but he became a part of the separatist movement and vociferously against the British Rule. Warren was the one that directed Paul Revere and William Dawes to help to send the message to Samuel Adams and John Hancock that the British was comming in 1775. Warren spent then next few weeks getting the army ready for the battles that would be coming and he got elected to become the second general that would command the Massachusetts in June 14, 1775. But three days later he was killed at Bunker Hill. Warren friend Captain Eliphelet Newell decided to build a tavern named after his friend Warren. Many as knew that George Washington also went to the tavern when he came to Massachusetts to visit his friend Benjamin Frothingham. Since the Tavern was set to close in 1813 the building then was used to serve different purposes and was saved in the 1970s.But the efforts of Alan and Ann Cunha and Neil and Ed Grennan helped to reopen the Tavern in 1972 the two pairs of entrepreneurial families helped save the historial establishment. Even today the Tavern is still a hit with both tourists and locals. According to Harnett he told the Charlestown Patriot Bridge that "people came from all over the country and are amazed that they are having a drink in the same building that^[14] George Washington and Paul Revere had a drink" ^[13] Warren Tavern .

Constitution Yacht Charter[edit]

The Constitution Yacht Charter is located on Boston Harbor. There is many planners to help choose a boat for different events such as weddings, sunset cruise, and even a cruise around Boston. To make a reservation the Consitution Yacht Charter can be reached at 617-241-9640 and by email at charters@bostport.com. The location of the Consitution Yacht Charter is located at 28 Constitution Rd. Boston, MA 02129 and they can also be reached by fax at 617-242-3013. Customers are also allowed to choose different boats that would fit their needs from the different boats. ^[15]