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Judge of the High Court of Admiralty of England and Wales | |
---|---|
Incumbent None (post abolished 1875) | |
Nominator | Lord High Admiral of England |
Appointer | Lord High Admiral of England (to 1673) The Sovereign (1673-1875) |
Term length | At the pleasure of the appointer |
Inaugural holder | William Lacy |
Formation | March 1483 |
Final holder | Robert Phillimore |
Abolished | 1875 |
Succession | High Court of Justice |
Salary | £400 |
The Keeper or Master of the Rolls and Records of the Chancery of England, known as the Master of the Rolls, is the second most senior judge[1] in England and Wales after the Lord Chief Justice, and serves as the presiding officer of the Civil Division of the Court of Appeal and Head of Civil Justice. The position dates from at least 1286, although it is believed that the office probably existed earlier than that.[2]
The Master of the Rolls was initially a clerk responsible for keeping the "Rolls", or records, of the Court of Chancery, and was known as the Keeper of the Rolls of Chancery.[3] The Keeper was the most senior of the dozen Chancery clerks, and as such occasionally acted as keeper of the Great Seal of the Realm.[4] The post evolved into a judicial one as the Court of Chancery did; the first reference to judicial duties dates from 1520.[5] With the Judicature Act 1873, which merged the Court of Chancery with the other major courts, the Master of the Rolls joined the Chancery Division of the High Court and the Court of Appeal,[6] but left the Chancery Division by the terms of the Judicature Act 1881. He retained his clerical functions as the nominal head of the Public Record Office until the Public Records Act 1958 transferred responsibility for it to the Lord Chancellor. The Master of the Rolls was also previously responsible for registering solicitors, the officers of the Senior Courts.[7]
One of the most prominent people to hold the position was Thomas Cromwell, a highly influential figure during the reign of Henry VIII. Lord Dyson succeeded Lord Neuberger of Abbotsbury as Master of the Rolls on 1 October 2012.[8] On 26 May 2016, 10 Downing Street announced that Sir Terence Etherton will succeed Lord Dyson in the office on 3 October.[9]
List of Judges of the High Court of Admiralty
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Hussey was appointed Deputy to his predecessor John Tregonwell in 1536, and informally presided over the Court from that time until his actual appointment as Judge in c. 1542.[13]
- ^ Herbert's appointment was the first concurrent judgeship; holding office alongside David Lewis for the remainder of Lewis' term.[15]
- ^ Herbert held various constituencies over his political life: Member for Grampound 1586, Member for Gatton 1588, Member for Christchurch 1593, Member for Bodmin 1597-1598, Member for Glamorgan 1601-1604, and Member for Monmouthshire 1604-1611.[16][17]
- ^ During his political career Caesar represented the constituencies of Reigate in 1588, Bletchingly in 1593, Windsor from 1597-1604, Middlesex in 1604 and 1614, and Maldon from 1621-1622.[18]
- ^ Crompton served until his death but sources differ on when this occurred: legal historian William Senior gives his death as 5 February 1608 and the History of Parliament Trust gives between 27 January and 1 March 1609.[19][21]
- ^ Zouch was removed from office by Thomas Cromwell some time prior to 1649. He was restored to the Judgeship in 1661 but died later that year.[26]
References
[edit]- ^ Govt. press release https://www.gov.uk/government/news/master-of-the-rolls-sir-terence-etherton
- ^ Sainty (1993) p. 144
- ^ Hanworth (1935) p. 310
- ^ Hanworth (1935) p. 316
- ^ Hanworth (1935) p. 327
- ^ "Oxford DNB theme:Masters of the Rolls". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 13 October 2008.
- ^ "Judicial Profiles – Master of the Rolls". Judiciary of England and Wales. Archived from the original on 21 April 2009. Retrieved 3 June 2009.
- ^ "Appointment of Master of the Rolls". Judiciary of England and Wales. 29 August 2012.
- ^ "Master of the Rolls: Sir Terence Etherton". 10 Downing Street. 26 May 2016.
- ^ Senior 1927, pp.333-334
- ^ Senior 1927, p.334
- ^ Senior 1927, pp.334-335
- ^ a b c Senior 1927, p.335
- ^ http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1509-1558/member/hussey-anthony-149697-1560
- ^ a b c d e f Senior 1927, p.336
- ^ a b Willis, Browne (1750). Notitia Parliamentaria, Part II: A Series or Lists of the Representatives in the several Parliaments held from the Reformation 1541, to the Restoration 1660 ... London. pp. 229–239.
- ^ a b Watkin, Thomas Glyn (January 2008). "Herbert, Sir John (c.1540–1617)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
- ^ a b Caesar, Julius (1558–1636), of Tottenham, Middlesex and Mitcham, Surrey, History of Parliament Retrieved 12 November 2013.
- ^ a b c d Senior 1927, p.337
- ^ "Dale, Valentine (DL562V)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ^ a b Hasler, P.W. (2016). "Crompton, Thomas I (c.1558-1609), of London". The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
- ^ a b c Senior 1927, p.338
- ^ Alsager, Richard Vian (1888). Stephen, Leslie (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 15. London: Smith, Elder & Co. . In
- ^ "Alumni Oxonienses 1500-1714". British History Online. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
- ^ Willis, Browne (1750). Notitia Parliamentaria, Part II: A Series or Lists of the Representatives in the several Parliaments held from the Reformation 1541, to the Restoration 1660 ... London. pp. 229–239.
- ^ a b Senior 1927, pp. 338-339
Bibliography
[edit]- Hanworth, Lord (1935). "Some Notes on the Office of Master of the Rolls". Cambridge Law Journal. 5 (3). Cambridge University Press. ISSN 0008-1973.
- Sainty, John (1993). The Judges of England 1272–1990: a list of judges of the superior courts. Oxford: Selden Society. OCLC 29670782.