User:DiamondRaph/sandbox
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Tasmanian Parliment Distribution of seats
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[edit]This article shows the variation in the number of living presidents of the United States from the inauguration of the first president of the United States in 1789 until the present. The following table includes all persons who have taken the presidential oath of office. (Persons who served as Acting President of the United States or as President of the Continental Congress are not included.) Currently, in addition to the incumbent, Donald Trump, there are four living former presidents: Jimmy Carter (1977–1981), Bill Clinton (1993–2001), George W. Bush (2001–2009), and Barack Obama (2009–2017).
Timeline
[edit]Number of presidents alive at each moment in United States history:
Current, most, and fewest living presidents
[edit]Living presidents as of November 22, 2024 (from oldest to youngest):[3][4][5][6]
- Jimmy Carter, born October 1, 1924 ; in office 1977–1981
- Donald Trump, born June 14, 1946 ; in office 2017–present
- George W. Bush, born July 6, 1946 ; in office 2001–2009
- Bill Clinton, born August 19, 1946 ; in office 1993–2001
- Barack Obama, born August 4, 1961 ; in office 2009–2017
There have been four time periods with six living presidents – i.e., the incumbent and five former presidents:[4][5][6]
- March 1861 to January 1862 – Martin Van Buren, John Tyler, Millard Fillmore, Franklin Pierce, James Buchanan, and Abraham Lincoln
- January 1993 to April 1994 – Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, G. H. W. Bush, and Bill Clinton (six consecutive presidents)
- January 2001 to June 2004 – Ford, Carter, Reagan, G. H. W. Bush, Clinton, and G. W. Bush (six consecutive presidents)
- January 2017 to November 2018 – Carter, G. H. W. Bush, Clinton, G. W. Bush, Barack Obama, and Donald Trump
There have been six time periods when the incumbent president was the only living president, having no living predecessors:[7]
- April 1789 to March 1797 – George Washington, who, being the first president, had no predecessors
- December 1799 to March 1801 – John Adams, after the death of his only predecessor, George Washington
- July 1875 to March 1877 – Ulysses S. Grant, after the death of his last living predecessor, Andrew Johnson
- June 1908 to March 1909 – Theodore Roosevelt, after the death of his last living predecessor, Grover Cleveland
- January 1933 to March 1933 – Herbert Hoover, after the death of his last living predecessor, Calvin Coolidge
- January 1973 to August 1974 – Richard Nixon, after the death of his last living predecessor, Lyndon Johnson
Notably, Richard Nixon is the only person to have been both the only living U.S. president (from January 1973 to August 1974) and one of six living presidents (from January 1993 to April 1994).
Living presidents gallery
[edit]There have been several gatherings of all the living presidents. Below are photographs of groups of persons who, at one time or another, comprised all living presidents. (although several of these photographs were taken prior to or after the time period in which the persons depicted were the only living presidents, and in some photos one of the presidents depicted had not yet formally taken office).
See also
[edit]- Living vice presidents of the United States
- Lifespan timeline of Presidents of the United States
- United States presidential line of succession
- Living Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom
References
[edit]- ^ "Inauguration Ceremonies". .senate.gov. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Senate. Retrieved October 18, 2018.
- ^ "Inauguration at the U.S. Capitol". aoc.gov. Washington, D.C.: Architect of the Capitol. Retrieved October 18, 2018.
- ^ a b "U.S. Presidents Birth and Death Information". presidentsusa.net. Baaron's Hill. Retrieved October 18, 2018.
- ^ a b Barone, Michael (January 23, 2017). "We have a record number of living ex-presidents". The Washington Examiner. Retrieved December 30, 2017.
- ^ a b Murse, Tom. "How Many Presidents Are Still Alive? Here's a List". ThoughtCo. Retrieved January 7, 2018.
- ^ a b Thompson, Clay (January 10, 2009). "Hail to the chiefs! 6 is record for living presidents". archive.azcentral.com. Arizona Republic. Retrieved January 7, 2018.
- ^ Barone, Michael (January 17, 2017). "Six periods with no living ex-presidents". Washington Examiner. Retrieved January 7, 2018.
External links
[edit]- Library of Congress information: presidents, vice presidents
Living presidents Category:Political history of the United States
.
[edit]Body 1
[edit] = Was Rightful Monarch but never took the throne
= Took the Throne with no right
= Was the Rightful Monarch that took the Throne
Commissioned officer ranks
[edit]NATO Code |
Aus/US Code |
Navy | Army | Australian Defence Force |
---|---|---|---|---|
Flag/General/Air Officers[1][2] | ||||
OF-10 | O-11[a] | Admiral of the fleet | Field marshal | Marshal of the Royal Australian Air Force |
OF-9 | O-10[b] | Admiral | General | Air chief marshal |
OF-8 | O-9[c] | Vice admiral | Lieutenant general | Air marshal |
OF-7 | O-8 | Rear admiral | Major general | Air vice marshal |
OF-6 | O-7[d] | — | — | Air commodore |
Senior officers | ||||
OF-6 | O-7[d] | Commodore | Brigadier | — |
OF-5 | O-6[d] | Captain (RAN) | Colonel | Group captain |
OF-4 | O-5[d] | Commander | Lieutenant colonel | Wing commander |
OF-3 | O-4[d] | Lieutenant commander | Major | Squadron leader |
Junior officers | ||||
OF-2 | O-3[d] | Lieutenant | Captain (Army) | Flight lieutenant |
OF-1 | O-2 | Sub lieutenant | Lieutenant | Flying officer |
OF-1 | O-1 | Acting sub lieutenant | Second lieutenant | Pilot officer |
— | S-1 | Midshipman | — | — |
Cadets | ||||
— | — | — | Officer cadet | Officer cadet |
List of states
[edit]Common and formal names | Membership within the UN System[e] | Sovereignty dispute[f] | Further information on status and recognition of sovereignty[h] |
---|---|---|---|
UN member states and observer states ↓ | ↓|||
Abkhazia | Abkhazia →|||
Afghanistan – Islamic Republic of Afghanistan | UN member state | None | |
Albania – Republic of Albania | UN member state | None | |
Algeria – People's Democratic Republic of Algeria | UN member state | None | |
Andorra – Principality of Andorra | UN member state | None | Andorra is a co-principality in which the office of head of state is jointly held ex officio by the French president and the bishop of the Roman Catholic diocese of Urgell,[4] who himself is appointed with approval from the Holy See. |
Angola – Republic of Angola | UN member state | None | |
Antigua and Barbuda | UN member state | None | Antigua and Barbuda is a Commonwealth realm[i] with 1 autonomous region, Barbuda.[j] |
Argentina – Argentine Republic[k] | UN member state | None | Argentina is a federation of 23 provinces and 1 autonomous city. |
Armenia – Republic of Armenia | UN member state | Not recognised by Pakistan. | Armenia is not recognised by Pakistan due to the dispute over Artsakh.[6][7][8] |
Artsakh | Artsakh →|||
Australia – Commonwealth of Australia | UN member state | None | Australia is a Commonwealth realm[i] and a federation of six states and 10 territories. The external territories of Australia are: |
Austria – Republic of Austria | UN member state | None | Member of the European Union.[g] Austria is a federation of nine states. |
Azerbaijan – Republic of Azerbaijan | UN member state | None | Azerbaijan contains one autonomous region, Nakhchivan [j] The de facto state of Artsakh has been established in the southwest of Azerbaijan. |
Bahamas, The – Commonwealth of The Bahamas[10] | UN member state | None | The Bahamas is a Commonwealth realm.[i] |
Bahrain – Kingdom of Bahrain | UN member state | None | |
Bangladesh – People's Republic of Bangladesh | UN member state | None | |
Barbados | UN member state | None | Barbados is a Commonwealth realm.[i] |
Belarus – Republic of Belarus | UN member state | None | |
Belgium – Kingdom of Belgium | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] Belgium is a federation divided into linguistic communities and regions. |
Belize | UN member state | None | Belize is a Commonwealth realm.[i] |
Benin – Republic of Benin | UN member state | None | |
Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan | UN member state | None | |
Bolivia – Plurinational State of Bolivia | UN member state | None | |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | UN member state | None | Bosnia and Herzegovina has two constituent entities:
and Brčko District, a self-governing administrative district.[11] |
Botswana – Republic of Botswana | UN member state | None | |
Brazil – Federative Republic of Brazil | UN member state | None | Brazil is a federation of 26 states and 1 federal district. |
Brunei – Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace | UN member state | None | |
Bulgaria – Republic of Bulgaria | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] |
Burkina Faso | UN member state | None | |
Burma → Myanmar | |||
Burundi – Republic of Burundi | UN member state | None | |
Cambodia – Kingdom of Cambodia | UN member state | None | |
Cameroon – Republic of Cameroon | UN member state | None | |
Canada[l] | UN member state | None | Canada is a Commonwealth realm[i] and a federation of 10 provinces and 3 territories. |
Cape Verde – Republic of Cabo Verde[m] | UN member state | None | |
Central African Republic | UN member state | None | |
Chad – Republic of Chad | UN member state | None | |
Chile – Republic of Chile | UN member state | None | |
China – People's Republic of China[n] | UN member state | Partially unrecognised. Claimed by the Republic of China | China contains five autonomous regions, Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Tibet, and Xinjiang.[j] Additionally, it has sovereignty over the Special Administrative Regions of:
China claims, but does not control Taiwan, which is governed by a rival administration (the Republic of China) that claims all of China as its territory.[o] China is not recognised by 12 UN member states and the Holy See, which, with the exception of Bhutan, all recognise Taiwan instead.[p] |
China, Republic of → Taiwan | |||
Colombia – Republic of Colombia | UN member state | None | |
Comoros – Union of the Comoros | UN member state | None | Comoros is a federation of 3 islands.[q] |
Congo, Democratic Republic of the[r] | UN member state | None | |
Congo, Republic of the[s] | UN member state | None | |
Cook Islands | Cook Islands →|||
Costa Rica – Republic of Costa Rica | UN member state | None | |
Côte d'Ivoire → Ivory Coast | |||
Croatia – Republic of Croatia | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] |
Cuba – Republic of Cuba | UN member state | None | |
Cyprus – Republic of Cyprus | UN member state | Not recognised by Turkey[14] | Member of the EU.[g] The northeastern part of the island is the de facto state of Northern Cyprus.
Cyprus is not recognised by Turkey due to the Cyprus dispute, with Turkey recognising Northern Cyprus. |
Czech Republic[t] | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] |
Democratic People's Republic of Korea → Korea, North | |||
Democratic Republic of the Congo → Congo, Democratic Republic of the | |||
Denmark – Kingdom of Denmark | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] The Kingdom of Denmark includes 2 self-governing territories:
The continental territory of Denmark, the Faroe Islands, and Greenland form the three constituent countries of the Kingdom.[u] The Kingdom of Denmark as a whole is a member of the EU, but EU law does not apply to the Faroe Islands and Greenland.[15][16] |
Djibouti – Republic of Djibouti | UN member state | None | |
Dominica – Commonwealth of Dominica | UN member state | None | |
Dominican Republic | UN member state | None | |
East Timor – Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste[v] | UN member state | None | |
Ecuador – Republic of Ecuador | UN member state | None | |
Egypt – Arab Republic of Egypt | UN member state | None | |
El Salvador – Republic of El Salvador | UN member state | None | |
Equatorial Guinea – Republic of Equatorial Guinea | UN member state | None | |
Eritrea – State of Eritrea | UN member state | None | |
Estonia – Republic of Estonia | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] |
Eswatini – Kingdom of Eswatini[w] | UN member state | None | |
Ethiopia – Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia | UN member state | None | Ethiopia is a federation of nine regions and two chartered cities. |
Fiji – Republic of Fiji | UN member state | None | Fiji contains 1 autonomous region, Rotuma.[j][17][18] |
Finland – Republic of Finland | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] |
France – French Republic | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] France contains five overseas regions/departments: French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, and Réunion. France also includes the overseas territories of:
|
Gabon – Gabonese Republic | UN member state | None | |
Gambia, The – Republic of The Gambia[19] | UN member state | None | |
Georgia | UN member state | None | Georgia contains two autonomous republics, Adjara and Abkhazia.[j] In Abkhazia and South Ossetia, de facto states have been formed. |
Germany – Federal Republic of Germany | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] Germany is a federation of 16 states. |
Ghana – Republic of Ghana | UN member state | None | |
Greece – Hellenic Republic | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] Greece contains one autonomous area, Mount Athos.[20] |
Grenada | UN member state | None | Grenada is a Commonwealth realm.[i] |
Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala | UN member state | None | |
Guinea – Republic of Guinea[y] | UN member state | None | |
Guinea-Bissau – Republic of Guinea-Bissau | UN member state | None | |
Guyana – Co-operative Republic of Guyana | UN member state | None | |
Haiti – Republic of Haiti | UN member state | None | |
Holy See → Vatican City | |||
Honduras – Republic of Honduras | UN member state | None | |
Hungary | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] |
Iceland[z] | UN member state | None | |
India – Republic of India | UN member state | None | India is a federation of 28 states and eight union territories. |
Indonesia – Republic of Indonesia | UN member state | None | Indonesia has five autonomous provinces, Aceh, Jakarta, Papua, West Papua, and Yogyakarta.[j] |
Iran – Islamic Republic of Iran | UN member state | None | |
Iraq – Republic of Iraq | UN member state | None | Iraq is a federation[q][24] of 19 governorates, five of which make up the autonomous Iraqi Kurdistan.[j] |
Ireland[aa] | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] |
Israel – State of Israel | UN member state | Partially unrecognised | Israel exerts strong control over the territory claimed by Palestine. Israel annexed East Jerusalem,[26] an annexation not recognised by the international community.[27] Israel maintains varying levels of control over the rest of the West Bank, and although Israel no longer has a permanent civilian or military presence in the Gaza Strip, following its unilateral disengagement, it is still considered by some to be the occupying power under international law.[28][29][30][31][32]
Israel is not recognised as a state by 32 UN members and the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. The Palestine Liberation Organization, which enjoys majority recognition as sole representative of the Palestinian people, also does not recognise Israel. |
Italy – Italian Republic | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] Italy has 5 autonomous regions, Aosta Valley, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Sardinia, Sicily and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol.[j] |
Ivory Coast – Republic of Côte d'Ivoire[ab] | UN member state | None | |
Jamaica | UN member state | None | Jamaica is a Commonwealth realm.[i] |
Japan | UN member state | None | |
Jordan – Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan | UN member state | None | |
Kazakhstan – Republic of Kazakhstan | UN member state | None | |
Kenya – Republic of Kenya | UN member state | None | |
Kiribati – Republic of Kiribati | UN member state | None | |
Korea, North – Democratic People's Republic of Korea | UN member state | South Korea | Claimed byNorth Korea is not recognised by three UN members, France, Japan, and South Korea, the last of which claims to be the sole legitimate government of Korea.[33] |
Korea, South – Republic of Korea | UN member state | North Korea | Claimed bySouth Korea has 1 autonomous region, Jejudo.[j][34]
South Korea is not recognised by North Korea, which claims to be the sole legitimate government of Korea. |
Kosovo | Kosovo →|||
Kuwait – State of Kuwait | UN member state | None | |
Kyrgyzstan – Kyrgyz Republic | UN member state | None | |
Laos – Lao People's Democratic Republic | UN member state | None | |
Latvia – Republic of Latvia | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] |
Lebanon – Lebanese Republic | UN member state | None | |
Lesotho – Kingdom of Lesotho | UN member state | None | |
Liberia – Republic of Liberia | UN member state | None | |
Libya – State of Libya | UN member state | None | |
Liechtenstein – Principality of Liechtenstein | UN member state | None | |
Lithuania – Republic of Lithuania | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] |
Luxembourg – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] |
Macedonia → North Macedonia | |||
Madagascar – Republic of Madagascar | UN member state | None | |
Malawi – Republic of Malawi | UN member state | None | |
Malaysia | UN member state | None | Malaysia is a federation of 13 states and three federal territories. |
Maldives – Republic of Maldives | UN member state | None | |
Mali – Republic of Mali | UN member state | None | |
Malta – Republic of Malta | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] |
Marshall Islands – Republic of the Marshall Islands | UN member state | None | Under Compact of Free Association with the United States. |
Mauritania – Islamic Republic of Mauritania | UN member state | None | |
Mauritius – Republic of Mauritius | UN member state | None | Mauritius has an autonomous island, Rodrigues.[j] |
Mexico – United Mexican States | UN member state | None | Mexico is a federation of 31 states and one autonomous city.
The Rebel Zapatista Autonomous Municipalities have de facto autonomy. |
Micronesia – Federated States of Micronesia | UN member state | None | Under Compact of Free Association with the United States. The Federated States of Micronesia is a federation of four states. |
Moldova – Republic of Moldova | UN member state | None | Moldova has the autonomous regions of Gagauzia and Transnistria autonomous territorial unit. The latter is under the de facto control of Transnistria. |
Monaco – Principality of Monaco | UN member state | None | |
Mongolia | UN member state | None | |
Montenegro | UN member state | None | |
Morocco – Kingdom of Morocco | UN member state | None | Part of the Moroccan-claimed Western Sahara is controlled by the partially recognised Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. |
Mozambique – Republic of Mozambique | UN member state | None | |
Myanmar – Republic of the Union of Myanmar[ac] | UN member state | None | Wa State is a de facto autonomous state within Myanmar. |
Artsakh | Nagorno-Karabakh →|||
Namibia – Republic of Namibia | UN member state | None | |
Nauru – Republic of Nauru | UN member state | None | |
Nepal – Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal | UN member state | None | Nepal is a federation composed of 7 provinces. |
Netherlands – Kingdom of the Netherlands | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] The Kingdom of the Netherlands includes four areas with substantial autonomy:
The continental part of the Netherlands, Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten form the four constituent countries of the Kingdom. Three other territories (Bonaire, Saba, and Sint Eustatius) are special municipalities of the continental Netherlands.[ad] The Kingdom of the Netherlands as a whole is a member of the EU, but EU law applies only to parts within Europe. |
New Zealand | UN member state | None | New Zealand is a Commonwealth realm,[i] and has the dependent territories of:
New Zealand has responsibilities for (but no rights of control over) two freely associated states: The Cook Islands and Niue have diplomatic relations with 49 and 18 UN members respectively.[35][36][37] They have full treaty-making capacity in the UN,[38] and are members of some UN specialized agencies. |
Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua | UN member state | None | Nicaragua contains two autonomous regions, Atlántico Sur and Atlántico Norte.[j] |
Niger – Republic of Niger | UN member state | None | |
Nigeria – Federal Republic of Nigeria | UN member state | None | Nigeria is a federation of 36 states and 1 federal territory. |
Niue | Niue →|||
North Korea → Korea, North | |||
North Macedonia – Republic of North Macedonia[ae] | UN member state | None | |
Northern Cyprus | Northern Cyprus →|||
Norway – Kingdom of Norway | UN member state | None |
Norway has the dependent territories of: |
Oman – Sultanate of Oman | UN member state | None | |
Pakistan – Islamic Republic of Pakistan | UN member state | None | Pakistan is a federation of four provinces and 1 capital territory. Pakistan exercises control over certain portions of Kashmir, but has not officially annexed any of it,[39][40] instead regarding it as a disputed territory.[41][42] The portions that it controls are divided into two territories, administered separately from Pakistan proper:
Azad Kashmir describes itself as a "self-governing state under Pakistani control", while Gilgit-Baltistan is described in its governance order as a group of "areas" with self-government.[43][44][45] These territories are not usually regarded as sovereign, as they do not fulfil the criteria set out by the declarative theory of statehood (for example, their current laws do not allow them to engage independently in relations with other states). Several state functions of these territories (such as foreign affairs and defence) are performed by Pakistan.[44][46][47] |
Palau – Republic of Palau | UN member state | None | Under Compact of Free Association with the United States. |
Palestine – State of Palestine | UN observer state; member of 2 UN specialized agencies | Partially unrecognised. Disputed by Israel | The State of Palestine, declared in 1988, is not recognised as a state by Israel and has received diplomatic recognition from 146 states.[48] The proclaimed state has no agreed territorial borders, or effective control over much of the territory that it proclaimed.[49] The Palestinian National Authority is an interim administrative body formed as a result of the Oslo Accords that exercises limited autonomous jurisdiction within the Palestinian territories. In foreign relations, Palestine is represented by the Palestine Liberation Organization.[50] The State of Palestine is a member state of UNESCO,[51] UNIDO, and an observer state in the UN. |
Panama – Republic of Panama | UN member state | None | |
Papua New Guinea – Independent State of Papua New Guinea | UN member state | None | Papua New Guinea is a Commonwealth realm[i] with 1 autonomous region, Bougainville.[j] |
Paraguay – Republic of Paraguay | UN member state | None | |
Peru – Republic of Peru | UN member state | None | |
Philippines – Republic of the Philippines | UN member state | None | The Philippines contains one autonomous region, Bangsamoro.[j] |
Poland – Republic of Poland | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] |
Portugal – Portuguese Republic | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] Portugal contains two autonomous regions, the Azores and Madeira.[j] |
Pridnestrovie → Transnistria | |||
Qatar – State of Qatar | UN member state | None | |
Republic of Korea → Korea, South | |||
Republic of the Congo → Congo, Republic of the | |||
Romania | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] |
Russia – Russian Federation | UN member state | None | Russia is a federation of 85 federal subjects (republics, oblasts, krais, autonomous okrugs, federal cities, and an autonomous oblast). Several of the federal subjects are ethnic republics.[j] |
Rwanda – Republic of Rwanda | UN member state | None | |
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic | Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic →|||
Saint Kitts and Nevis – Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis | UN member state | None | Saint Kitts and Nevis is a Commonwealth realm[i] and is a federation[q] of two islands, St. Kitts and Nevis. |
Saint Lucia | UN member state | None | Saint Lucia is a Commonwealth realm.[i] |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | UN member state | None | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is a Commonwealth realm.[i] |
Samoa – Independent State of Samoa | UN member state | None | |
San Marino – Republic of San Marino | UN member state | None | |
São Tomé and Príncipe – Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe | UN member state | None | São Tomé and Príncipe contains 1 autonomous province, Príncipe.[j] |
Saudi Arabia – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia | UN member state | None | |
Senegal – Republic of Senegal | UN member state | None | |
Serbia – Republic of Serbia | UN member state | None | Serbia contains two autonomous regions, Vojvodina and Kosovo and Metohija.[j] The latter is under the de facto control of Kosovo. |
Seychelles – Republic of Seychelles | UN member state | None | |
Sierra Leone – Republic of Sierra Leone | UN member state | None | |
Singapore – Republic of Singapore | UN member state | None | |
Slovakia – Slovak Republic | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] |
Slovenia – Republic of Slovenia | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] |
Solomon Islands | UN member state | None | The Solomon Islands is a Commonwealth realm.[i] |
Somalia – Federal Republic of Somalia | UN member state | None | Somalia is a federation of six states. Two, Puntland and Galmudug, have self-declared autonomy, while one, Somaliland, is de facto independent. |
Somaliland | Somaliland →|||
South Africa – Republic of South Africa | UN member state | None | |
South Korea → Korea, South | |||
South Ossetia | South Ossetia →|||
South Sudan – Republic of South Sudan | UN member state | None | South Sudan is a federation of 10 states and three administrative areas.
|
Spain – Kingdom of Spain | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] Spain is divided into 17 autonomous communities and 2 special autonomous cities.[j] |
Sri Lanka – Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka[af] | UN member state | None | |
Sudan – Republic of the Sudan | UN member state | None | Sudan is a federation of 18 states.
|
South Sudan | Sudan, South →|||
Suriname – Republic of Suriname | UN member state | None | |
Swaziland → Eswatini | |||
Sweden – Kingdom of Sweden | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[g] |
Switzerland – Swiss Confederation | UN member state | None | Switzerland is a federation of 26 cantons. |
Syria – Syrian Arab Republic | UN member state | None | The Syrian National Coalition, which is recognised as the legitimate representative of the Syrian people by 20 UN members, has established an interim government to rule rebel controlled territory during the Syrian civil war.
Syria has one self-declared autonomous region: Rojava. |
Taiwan | Taiwan (Republic of China) →|||
Tajikistan – Republic of Tajikistan | UN member state | None | Tajikistan contains 1 autonomous region, Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province.[j] |
Tanzania – United Republic of Tanzania | UN member state | None | Tanzania contains 1 autonomous region, Zanzibar.[j] |
Thailand – Kingdom of Thailand | UN member state | None | |
The Bahamas → Bahamas, The | |||
The Gambia → Gambia, The | |||
Timor-Leste → East Timor | |||
Togo – Togolese Republic | UN member state | None | |
Tonga – Kingdom of Tonga | UN member state | None | |
Transnistria | Transnistria →|||
Trinidad and Tobago – Republic of Trinidad and Tobago | UN member state | None | Trinidad and Tobago contains 1 autonomous region, Tobago.[j] |
Tunisia – Republic of Tunisia | UN member state | None | |
Turkey – Republic of Turkey | UN member state | None | |
Turkmenistan | UN member state | None | |
Tuvalu | UN member state | None | Tuvalu is a Commonwealth realm.[i] |
Uganda – Republic of Uganda | UN member state | None | |
Ukraine | UN member state | None | Ukraine contains one autonomous region, the Autonomous Republic of Crimea,[j] however it is under the de facto control of Russia. |
United Arab Emirates | UN member state | None | The United Arab Emirates is a federation of seven emirates. |
United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | UN member state | None | The United Kingdom is a Commonwealth realm[i] consisting of four constituent countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. The United Kingdom has the following overseas territories:
The British monarch has direct sovereignty over three self-governing Crown dependencies: |
United States – United States of America | UN member state | None | The United States is a federation of 50 states, 1 federal district, and 1 incorporated territory. Additionally, the Federal government of the United States has sovereignty over 13 unincorporated territories. Of these territories the following are inhabited possessions:
It also has sovereignty over several uninhabited territories:
It also disputes sovereignty over the following territories: Three sovereign states have become associated states of the United States under the Compact of Free Association:
|
Uruguay – Oriental Republic of Uruguay | UN member state | None | |
Uzbekistan – Republic of Uzbekistan | UN member state | None | Uzbekistan contains 1 autonomous region, Karakalpakstan.[j] |
Vanuatu – Republic of Vanuatu | UN member state | None | |
Vatican City – Vatican City State | UN observer state under the designation of "Holy See"; member of three UN specialized agencies and the IAEA | None | Administered by the Holy See, a sovereign entity with diplomatic relations to 183 states. This figure consists of 180 UN member states, the Cook Islands, the Republic of China (Taiwan), and the State of Palestine.[54] In addition, the European Union and the Sovereign Military Order of Malta maintain diplomatic relations with the Holy See. The Holy See is a member of the IAEA, ITU, UPU, and WIPO and a permanent observer of the UN (in the category of "Non-member State")[50] and multiple other UN System organizations. The Vatican City is governed by officials appointed by the Pope, who is the Bishop of the Diocese of Rome and ex officio sovereign of Vatican City. |
Venezuela – Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela | UN member state | None | Venezuela is a federation of 23 states, 1 capital district, and federal dependencies. |
Vietnam – Socialist Republic of Vietnam | UN member state | None | |
Yemen – Republic of Yemen | UN member state | None | |
Zambia – Republic of Zambia | UN member state | None | |
Zimbabwe – Republic of Zimbabwe | UN member state | None | |
UN member states and observer states ↑ | ↑|||
↓ Other states ↓ | |||
Abkhazia – Republic of Abkhazia | No membership | Georgia | Claimed byRecognised by Russia, Nauru, Nicaragua, Syria, Venezuela, Artsakh, South Ossetia and Transnistria.[55] Claimed in whole by Georgia as the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia. |
Artsakh – Republic of Artsakh[ag] | No membership | Azerbaijan | Claimed byA de facto independent state,[56][57][58] recognised only by Abkhazia,[59] South Ossetia[59] and Transnistria.[59][60] Claimed in whole by Azerbaijan.[61] |
Cook Islands | UN specialized agencies | Member of eight(See political status) |
NoneA state in free association with New Zealand, the Cook Islands maintains diplomatic relations with 52 states. The Cook Islands is a member of multiple UN agencies with full treaty making capacity.[38] It shares a head of state with New Zealand as well as having shared citizenship. |
Kosovo – Republic of Kosovo | UN specialized agencies | Member of twoSerbia | Claimed byPursuant to United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244, Kosovo was placed under the administration of the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo in 1999.[62] Kosovo declared independence in 2008, and it has received diplomatic recognition from 114 UN member states and the Republic of China, while 11 states have recognized Kosovo only to later withdraw their recognition. Serbia continues to maintain its sovereignty claim over Kosovo. Other UN member states and non UN member states continue to recognise Serbian sovereignty or have taken no position on the question. Kosovo is a member of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Group. The Republic of Kosovo has de facto control over most of the territory, with limited control in North Kosovo. |
Niue | UN specialized agencies | Member of five(See political status) |
NoneA state in free association with New Zealand, Niue maintains diplomatic relations with 20 states. Niue is a member of multiple UN agencies with full treaty making capacity.[38] It shares a head of state with New Zealand as well as having shared citizenship. |
Northern Cyprus – Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus | No membership | Republic of Cyprus | Claimed by theRecognised only by Turkey. Under the name "Turkish Cypriot State", it is an observer state of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and the Economic Cooperation Organization. Northern Cyprus is claimed in whole by the Republic of Cyprus.[63] |
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic | No membership | Morocco | Claimed byRecognised at some stage by 84 UN member states, 38 of which have since withdrawn or frozen their recognition. It is a founding member of the African Union and the Asian–African Strategic Partnership formed at the 2005 Asian–African Conference. The territories under its control, the so-called Free Zone, are claimed in whole by Morocco as part of its Southern Provinces. In turn, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic claims the part of Western Sahara to the west of the Moroccan Wall controlled by Morocco. Its government resides in exile in Tindouf, Algeria. |
Somaliland – Republic of Somaliland | No membership | Somalia | Claimed byA de facto independent state,[56][64][65][66][67] not diplomatically recognised by any other state, claimed in whole by the Federal Republic of Somalia.[68] |
South Ossetia – Republic of South Ossetia–the State of Alania | No membership | Georgia | Claimed byA de facto independent state,[69] recognised by Russia, Nicaragua, Nauru, Syria, Venezuela, Abkhazia, Artsakh and Transnistria. Claimed in whole by Georgia as the Provisional Administrative Entity of South Ossetia.[70] |
Taiwan – Republic of China[n] | Former UN member (as Republic of China, 1945–1971) Observer in one UN specialized agency under the name "Chinese Taipei" |
People's Republic of China | Claimed by theA state competing (nominally) for recognition with the People's Republic of China (PRC) as the government of China since 1949. The Republic of China (ROC) controls the island of Taiwan and associated islands, Quemoy, Matsu, the Pratas and parts of the Spratly Islands, and has not renounced claims over its annexed territories on the mainland.[71] The ROC is recognised by 11 UN member states and the Holy See as of 15 January 2024. All these states do not recognise the PRC either. Additionally, one UN member (Bhutan) has refrained from recognising either the ROC or the PRC.
The territory of the ROC is claimed in whole by the PRC.[o] The ROC participates in international organizations under a variety of pseudonyms, most commonly "Chinese Taipei" and in the WTO it has full membership. The ROC was a founding member of the UN and enjoyed membership from 1945 to 1971, with veto power in the UN Security Council. See China and the United Nations. |
Transnistria – Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic | No membership | Moldova | Claimed byA de facto independent state,[56] recognised only by Abkhazia, Artsakh and South Ossetia.[55] Claimed in whole by Moldova as the Transnistria autonomous territorial unit.[72] |
↑ Other states ↑ | |||
Legend "Membership within the UN System" column
UN Member states
UN Observer states
Member of a UN Specialized Agency
Observer in a UN Specialized Agency
No membership in the UN System
|
Legend "Sovereignty dispute" column
Undisputed sovereignty
Sovereignty disputed
|
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{{cite journal}}
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(help) "...the Palestinian State also meets the traditional criteria under the Montevideo Convention..."; "...the fact that a majority of states have recognised Palestine as a State should easily fulfil the requisite state practice". - McKinney, Kathryn M. (1994). "The Legal Effects of the Israeli-PLO Declaration ofPrinciples: Steps Toward Statehood for Palestine". Seattle University Law Review. 18 (93). Seattle University: 97. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 17 April 2011: "It is possible, however, to argue for Palestinian statehood based on the constitutive theory".
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- Mendes, Errol (30 March 2010). "Statehood and Palestine for the purposes of Article 12 (3) of the ICC Statute" (PDF). 30 March 2010: 28, 33. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 August 2011. Retrieved 17 April 2011:
- ^ a b "Non-member States and Entities". United Nations. 29 February 2008. Archived from the original on 9 May 2009. Retrieved 30 August 2010.
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- ^ a b c Ker-Lindsay, James (2012). The Foreign Policy of Counter Secession: Preventing the Recognition of Contested States. Oxford University Press. p. 53. ISBN 9780199698394. Archived from the original on 9 October 2013. Retrieved 24 September 2013.
In addition to the four cases of contested statehood described above, there are three other territories that have unilaterally declared independence and are generally regarded as having met the Montevideo criteria for statehood but have not been recognized by any states: Transnistria, Nagorny Karabakh, and Somaliland.
- ^ Krüger, Heiko (2010). The Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict: A Legal Analysis. Springer. p. 55. ISBN 978-3-642-11787-9.
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Considering each of these factors, Somaliland has a colorable argument that it meets the theoretical requirements of statehood. ... On these bases, Somaliland appears to have a strong claim to statehood.
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External links
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