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User:Dharmadhyaksha/List of firsts in India

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This is a list of firsts in India.

Architecture

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Awards and titles

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Nobel Prize

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Oscar

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Defence (in the Republic of India)

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Economy

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Exploration

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Film, TV and entertainment

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Governance

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Science

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  • The first president of the inaugural session of the Indian Science Congress: Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee in 1914
  • Hydroelectric plant: Sidrapong near Darjeeling. commissioned in 1897,[18]
  • Place to get electricity: Darjeeling in 1897, followed by Calcutta (now Kolkata)[19][20] in 1898 and Kolar Gold Fields in 1902.
  • Man in space: Rakesh Sharma aboard Soyuz T-11, on 3 April 1984. He was the 138th man in space worldwide.
  • Woman in space: Kalpana Chawla aboard Space Shuttle Columbia flight STS-87, on 19 November 1997. She was a naturalized United States citizen and represented the US during the event.
  • Test-tube baby: Durga Agarwal, born 1978
  • Scientific Expedition to Antarctica: 1981
  • Nuclear Reactor: Apsara, Mumbai, Maharashtra
  • First Genetically modified food product in India: Bt. Egg plant Hybrid (Bt. – Bacilius thuringiensis)
  • Satellite: Aryabhata, launched on 19 April 1975
  • Satellite dedicated exclusively for educational services: EDUSAT
  • Successfully indigenous launch vehicle: SLV-3
  • Prospective space tourist: Santhosh George Kulangara, proposed in 2009 aboard Virgin Galactic
  • Cloned animal: Bhass, sampura
  • In 1850, the first experimental electric telegraph line was started between Kolkata and Diamond Harbor. In 1851, it was opened for the use of the British East India Company
  • 1854: Telegraph service opened to the Public
  • First telephone exchange: On 28 January 1882, Major E. Baring, Member of the Governor General of India's Council declared open the Telephone Exchanges in Calcutta, Bombay and Madras. The exchange in Calcutta named the "Central Exchange", was opened at third floor of the building at 7, Council House Street, with a total of 93 subscribers. Later that year, Bombay also witnessed the opening of a telephone exchange.
  • 1902 – First wireless telegraph station established between Sagar Islands and Sandheads.
  • 1907 – First central battery of telephones introduced in Kanpur.
  • 1913–1914 – First automatic exchange installed in Shimla.
  • 1927 – Radio-telegraph system between the UK and India, with Imperial Wireless Chain beam stations at Khadki and Daund. Inaugurated by Lord Irwin on 23 July by exchanging greetings with King George V.
  • 1933 – Radiotelephone system inaugurated between the UK and India.
  • 1953 – 12 channel carrier system introduced.
  • 1960 – First subscriber trunk dialing route commissioned between Lucknow and Kanpur.
  • 1975 – First PCM system commissioned between Mumbai City and Andheri telephone exchanges.
  • 1976 – First digital microwave junction introduced.
  • 1979 – First optical fibre system for local junction commissioned at Pune.
  • 1980 – First satellite earth station for domestic communications established at Secunderabad, Telangana
  • 1983 – First analogue Stored Program Control exchange for trunk lines commissioned at Mumbai.
  • 1984 – First Underground Metro Railways System at Calcutta.
  • 1984 – C-DOT established for indigenous development and production of digital exchanges.
  • 1990 – First technology park in India, Technopark, Trivandrum was launched
  • 1995 – First mobile telephone service started on a non-commercial basis on 15 August 1995 in Delhi.
  • 2014 – First country to enter Mars' orbit on their first attempt with successful launch of Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan)[21]
  • 2015– First 3D printed humanoid robot in India at A-SET Training & Research Institutes – Manav (robot)

Medical science

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Women in general

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Women in governance

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States

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First state to

Places

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  • First Wi-Fi Jetty in India:- Mandwa Jetty, Alibaug-Maharashtra launched by 'SmartAd Solutions & Services LLP'
  • First partition of Indian state: Bengal
  • First road which is a connected to a Wi-Fi zone: Rajarhat (connecting Rajarhat Main Arterial Road to the airport to Sector V in the city of Kolkata with 10.5 km)[37]
  • District to achieve a 100% literacy rate: Ernakulam district, Kerala, 1990. Pothanicad in Ernakulam district is the first panchayath in India that achieved 100% literacy.
  • City/town to achieve a 100% literacy rate: Kottayam, Kerala, 1989
  • District to achieve a 100% literacy rate and lowest population growth rate: Pathanamthitta district, Kerala
  • District to be polio-free: Pathanamthitta district, Kerala
  • District to become tobacco-free: Kottayam district, Kerala, 27 September 2008
  • District to become India's 'total electrified district': Palakkad, Kerala, 2011
  • City to have an e-court: Ahmedabad, 8 February 2009
  • City to ranked as the No.1 Indian city for ‘quality of life’[38] – Chennai, Tamil Nadu
  • India's first Wi-Fi city: Kolkata

Sport[39]

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Olympics

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Chess

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Football

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  • First Indian footballer to play overseas: Mohammed Salim
  • First Indian football goalkeeper to play overseas: Subrata Paul
  • First footballer to be named the Indian footballer of the century (20th century): Pradip Kumar Banerjee
  • First Indian as well as an Asian to be declared best captains in the world by English FA: Shailen Manna
  • First Indian to manage a Bundesliga football club: Robin Dutt
  • First Indian to be inducted in the AFC Hall of Fame: Baichung Bhutia
  • First Indian to score the fastest goals (third fastest in the world): I. M. Vijayan

Tennis

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Cricket

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Transport

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  • First train in India ran from Red Hills to Chintadripet bridge in Madras on 1837[50]
  • First City to get India's first underwater Metro which is below the flowing Hooghly River : Kolkata Metro at Kolkata[51]
  • First (Metro) rail to become zone of Indian Railways: Kolkata Metro as the (17Th Zonal headquarter) (30 December 2010)[52]
  • First passenger train: between Mumbai and Thane on 16 April 1853
  • First suburban railway line: Mumbai Suburban Railway in 1857
  • First rapid transit (Metro) rail: Kolkata Metro in 1984
  • First motorcar: in 1897, Mr Forster of Crompton Greaves
  • First motorcar in regular use: Francis Spring, Chennai in 1901
  • First Indians to own a motorcar: Jamsetji Tata, with Parsi lawyer Rustom Cama, in 1901
  • First competitive event: Delhi – Bombay trials in 1905 at the behest of Lord Curzon and otor Union of Western India to test the suitability of the Automobile for Indian roads and to facilitate interaction between the fledgling Automobile Industry and prospective Indian clients[53][54][55][56][57]
  • Oldest surviving and running cars in India: De Dion Bouton 1904, Rover 1905
  • First woman to drive a car in India: Eshan Ulla Robet, RD Tata 1905
  • First woman to drive a railway train in India: Surekha Yadav
  • First female auto-rickshaw driver – Shila Dawre; Pune, 1988[58]
  • First motor taxi: Mumbai, 1911
  • First large scale import of motor cars: relatively large contingent of motorcars imported for the Delhi Darbar held in 1911 to mark the arrival of King George V[59]
  • First registration scheme for motor vehicles in India: 1912
  • Arrival of mass production technology makes the Automobile a practical means of transport by the 1920s and most British officers had cars
  • First assembly of motor cars: General Motors sets up the first assembly unit to assemble cars from imported parts in 1928. The National Series AB sedan is produced.
  • First manufacture of motor cars: Hindustan Motors begins production of cars in 1942. Premier automobiles and Standard Motors setup. Technology stagnates as a result of economic autarky as India is isolated from the rest of the world
  • First act leading to liberalization of the Auto sector: Maruti 800 launched in 1983 and the automotive industry is progressively liberalized
  • First fully indigenous passenger car developed in India: Tata Indica, launched in 1998
  • First expressway: Mumbai - Pune Expressway in 2000,
  • First major acquisition of a foreign company by an Indian company: Tata Motors acquires Jaguar and Land Rover in 2007. Mahindra Automotive emerges as the top bidder for SsangYong Motor Company in 2010.
  • First aeroplane in India: Maharaja of Patiala, 1910[60]
  • Domestic commercial aviation is born in India in 1911 when on 18 February, Henri Piquet, flying a Humber biplane, carries mail from Allahabad to Naini Junction, some six miles away.
  • 1927: India's first airline, Imperial Airways, extends its Empire Routes to India, connecting India with the outside world for the first time through an air network. A de Havilland Hercules flies the Cairo-Basra-Karachi-Jodhpur-Delhi route. It is also the first domestic passenger flight to be operated in India. Passengers could be for the first time fly from Karachi to Jodhpur and to Delhi on Imperial Airways.
  • On 10 February 1929, J. R. D. Tata is awarded India's first pilot licence, Pilot Licence No.1 by Federation Aeronotique International signed by Sir Victor Sasoon on behalf of the Aero Club of India and Burma.
  • 1932: Urmila K Parikh becomes the first woman to get a pilot licence when she is given a licence by the Aero Club of India and Burma.
  • 1932: J. R. D. Tata launches India's first scheduled airline, Tata Airlines, by piloting the first flight himself from Karachi to Bombay via Ahmedabad on a single-engine Puss Moth with a load of airmail.
  • 2009: India's first electric motorcycle[61]
  • 2012: Radhika Menon becomes India's first Merchant Navy captain.

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Literature and media

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Others

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References

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India firsts

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