User:CommodoreSham/sandbox2
Alpha
[edit]Alpha level cities are linked to major economic states/regions and highly integrated into the world economy. Alpha level cities are classified into four sections: Alpha ++, Alpha +, Alpha, and Alpha − cities.
Alpha ++
[edit]Alpha ++ cities are cities most integrated with the global economy:
Alpha +
[edit]Alpha + are "other highly integrated cities that complement the Alpha ++ cities, largely filling in advanced service needs for the Pacific/Asia [region]":[1]
Alpha
[edit]Alpha −
[edit]Beta
[edit]Beta level cities are cities that link moderate economic regions to the world economy and are classified into three sections, Beta +, Beta, and Beta − cities.
Beta +
[edit]Beta
[edit]Beta −
[edit]Gamma
[edit]Gamma level cities are cities that link smaller economic regions into the world economy and are classified into three sections, Gamma +, Gamma, and Gamma − cities.
Gamma +
[edit]Gamma
[edit]Gamma −
[edit]Sufficiency
[edit]Sufficiency level cities are cities that have a sufficient degree of services so as not to be overly dependent on world cities. This is sorted into high sufficiency cities and sufficiency cities.
High sufficiency
[edit]- Abidjan
- Ahmedabad (3)
- Algiers (3)
- Ankara (2)
- Asunción (1)
- Baltimore (3)
- Belfast (3)
- Bilbao (1)
- Birmingham
- Changchun (1)
- Cleveland (1)
- Curitiba
- Dammam
- Durban (2)
- Guadalajara (3)
- Guayaquil (2)
- Harbin (1)
- Kansas City (1)
- Kolkata (3)
- La Paz (2)
- Limassol (1)
- Ljubljana (3)
- Luanda (1)
- Maputo (1)
- Marseille (1)
- Milwaukee (1)
- Moscow (8)
- Nanchang (1)
- Nashville (2)
- Nassau (1)
- Ningbo
- Penang (1)
- Phoenix (3)
- Pittsburgh (1)
- Querétaro (1)
- Tallinn (1)
- Tegucigalpa (2)
- Ürümqi (1)
- Wellington (2)
- Yangon
Sufficiency
[edit]- Aarhus
- Aberdeen
- Abuja (1)
- Aguascalientes City
- Alexandria
- Astana
- Bandar Seri Begawan
- Barranquilla
- Basel
- Belo Horizonte (2)
- Bergen
- Bern
- Bishkek
- Blantyre
- Bologna
- Bordeaux
- Brasília (1)
- Bremen
- Bursa
- Cali
- Campinas
- Canberra
- Cebu City
- Cincinnati (1)
- Ciudad Juárez
- Christchurch
- Columbus (2)
- Des Moines
- Dresden
- Edmonton (2)
- Essen
- Foshan[i]
- Fukuoka
- Gaborone
- George Town (5)
- Glasgow (4)
- Genoa
- Grenoble
- Guiyang
- Hamilton
- Halifax
- Hanover
- Hartford (1)
- Hohhot
- Indianapolis (1)
- İzmir
- Jacksonville
- Johor Bahru (1)
- Kabul
- Kaohsiung (2)
- Kathmandu[i]
- Katowice (2)
- Kigali
- Kingston
- Kochi
- Kraków (1)
- Labuan
- Lanzhou
- Las Vegas
- Lausanne (2)
- Leeds (1)
- Leipzig
- León
- Libreville
- Liège
- Lille
- Lilongwe[i]
- Linz
- Liverpool
- Łódź
- Louisville
- Málaga (2)
- Malmö (3)
- Mannheim
- Mérida
- Mexicali
- Nagoya (2)
- Nanning
- Nantes (3)
- Naples
- Newcastle upon Tyne
- Nice
- Nottingham
- Nuremberg
- Oklahoma City
- Ottawa (3)
- Orlando (4)
- Palo Alto
- Portland
- Port Louis (2)
- Port of Spain (1)
- Porto Alegre (1)
- Poznań (2)
- Pretoria
- Puebla (1)
- Quebec City
- Raleigh (1)
- Recife
- Reykjavík
- Richmond
- Sacramento (2)
- Salt Lake City (2)
- San Antonio (1)
- San Luis Potosí City
- Sanaa
- Santa Cruz de la Sierra
- Sarajevo
- Seville (1)
- Shijiazhuang
- Skopje
- Southampton
- Strasbourg (1)
- Surabaya
- Taichung (3)
- Tashkent
- The Hague (1)
- Tijuana (1)
- Toulouse
- Turin (3)
- Ulaanbaatar (1)
- Utrecht
- Valencia
- Vilnius (3)
- Windhoek
- Winnipeg
- Wrocław (3)
- Wuxi
- Yerevan (1)
- Zhuhai
- ^ "GaWC - The World According to GaWC". www.lboro.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 2022-05-25.
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