Jump to content

User:Chemistry Pink Lady/Carolyn R. Bertozzi

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Carolyn R. Bertozzi

Born October 10, 1966 (age 53)


Boston, Massachusetts

Alma mater Harvard University, University of California, Berkeley, University of California, San Francisco
Known for bioorthogonal chemistry
Awards MacArthur Foundation Fellowship (1999)

ACS Award in Pure Chemistry(2001) Lemelson-MIT Prize (2010)

Heinrich Wieland Prize  (2012)

Scientific career
Fields Chemistry
Institutions Stanford University, University of California, Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, San Francisco
Doctoral students Mireille Kamariza
External video
“Carolyn Bertozzi: Chemical Glycobiology”, iBiology

Carolyn Ruth Bertozzi (born October 10, 1966) is an American chemist. Bertozzi is known for founding a new field of chemistry: bioorthogonal chemistry.[1] At Stanford University, she holds the Anne T. and Robert M. Bass Professorship in the School of Humanities and Sciences. In addition, Bertozzi is an Investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) and is the former Director of the Molecular Foundry, a nanoscience research center at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. She received a MacArthur "genius" award at age 33, making her one of the younger scientists to receive this award. In 2010 she was the first woman to receive the prestigious Lemelson-MIT Prize faculty award. She is a member of the National Academy of Sciences (2005), Institute of Medicine, (2011), and the National Academy of Inventors (2013). In 2014, it was announced that Bertozzi would lead ACS Central Science, the American Chemical Society's first peer-reviewed open access journal that offers all content freely to the public.

Contents

[edit]

Life and career[edit]

[edit]

Born in Boston, Massachusetts, Bertozzi received her B.A. summa cum laude in chemistry from Harvard University, where she worked with Professor Joe Grabowski on the design and construction of a photoacoustic calorimeter. While an undergraduate, she played in various bands, including one with future Rage Against the Machine guitarist Tom Morello. After graduating Bertozzi worked briefly at Bell Labs with Chris Chidsey and at Massachusetts General Hospital. Bertozzi is the daughter of physicist William Bertozzi and the younger sister of UCLA mathematician Andrea Bertozzi.

Bertozzi completed a Ph.D. in Chemistry at UC Berkeley in 1993 with Professor Mark Bednarski, working on the chemical synthesis of oligosaccharide analogs. While working under Professor Bednarski, she discovered that viruses have the ability to bind to sugars in the body. This discovery led her to the field of glycobiology- the field she performs research in today.[2] After completing a PhD, Bertozzi was a postdoctoral fellow at UCSF with Professor Steven Rosen, where she studied the activity of endothelial oligosaccharides in promoting cell adhesion at inflammation sites. While working with Professor Rosen, Bertozzi was able to modify the protein and sugar molecules in the walls of living cells. This advancement prevent cells from rejecting foreign materials such as medical implants.

Bertozzi joined the UC Berkeley faculty in 1996. She has been an investigator with HHMI since 2000. In 2003, while working with HHMI, she founded the field of bioorthogonal chemistry.[3] This new field and technique allows researchers to chemically modify molecules in living organisms and does not interrupt the processes of the cell.[4] In 2015, Bertozzi moved to Stanford University to join the ChEM-H Institute.

Bertozzi studies the glycobiology underlying diseases such as cancer, inflammatory disorders such as arthritis, and infectious diseases such as tuberculosis. In particular, Bertozzi has advanced understanding of cell surface oligosaccharides involved in cell recognition and inter-cellular communication. Bertozzi has applied the bioorthogonal chemistry to study glycocalyx, the sugars that surround the cell membrane. Her discoveries with these sugars have enabled her to create biotechnologies that advance biotherapeutics.[5] Her lab has also developed tools for research, including chemical tools for studying glycans in living systems and more recently nanotechnologies for probing biological systems and in 2018 a fast point-of-care test for tuberculosis.[6] In 2017, due to her lab's discovery of linking the sugars on the surface of cancer cells and their ability to avoid the immune system defenses, she was invited to speak at Stanford's TED talk.[7][1]

In addition to her academic work, Bertozzi works actively with biotechnology start-ups. She has served on the research advisory board of GlaxoSmithKline. Bertozzi has a startup of her own. It was founded in 2008: Redwood Bioscience of Emeryville, California. Redwood Bioscience is a biotechnology company that uses SMARTag, a site- specific protein modification technology that allows small drugs to attach to sites on the proteins and can be used to help fight cancers.[2][8] Redwood Biosciences was acquired by Catalent Pharma Solutions in 2014, where she is still a part of the advisory board for the biologics part of the company.[8] In 2015 she became a cofounder of Palleon Pharmaceuticals of Waltham, Massachusetts, which is investigating glycoimmune checkpoint inhibitors as a potential treatment for cancer. The pharmaceutical company only provides services for residents of Massachusetts.[9]

Significant papers and publications[edit]

[edit]

Awards and honors[edit]

[edit]

Carolyn Bertozzi, receiving the Emanuel Merck Lectureship in 2011

  1. ^ "Carolyn R. Bertozzi". HHMI.org. Retrieved 2020-01-26.
  2. ^ a b "Carolyn Bertozzi | Lemelson-MIT Program". lemelson.mit.edu. Retrieved 2020-01-26.
  3. ^ "NIHF Inductee Carolyn Bertozzi Invented Bioorthogonal Chemistry". www.invent.org. Retrieved 2020-01-26.
  4. ^ Sletten, Ellen M.; Bertozzi, Carolyn R. (2009). "Bioorthogonal Chemistry: Fishing for Selectivity in a Sea of Functionality". Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English). 48 (38): 6974–6998. doi:10.1002/anie.200900942. ISSN 1433-7851. PMC 2864149. PMID 19714693.
  5. ^ Xiao, Han; Woods, Elliot C.; Vukojicic, Petar; Bertozzi, Carolyn R. (2016-08-22). "Precision glycocalyx editing as a strategy for cancer immunotherapy". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 113 (37): 10304–10309. doi:10.1073/pnas.1608069113. ISSN 0027-8424.
  6. ^ Kamariza, Mireille; Shieh, Peyton; Ealand, Christopher S.; Peters, Julian S.; Chu, Brian; Rodriguez-Rivera, Frances P.; Babu Sait, Mohammed R.; Treuren, William V.; Martinson, Neil; Kalscheuer, Rainer; Kana, Bavesh D. (02 28, 2018). "Rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum with a solvatochromic trehalose probe". Science Translational Medicine. 10 (430). doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aam6310. ISSN 1946-6242. PMC 5985656. PMID 29491187. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  7. ^ Bertozzi, Carolyn. "Carolyn Bertozzi | Speaker | TED". www.ted.com. Retrieved 2020-01-26.
  8. ^ a b "Redwood Bioscience Inc. | IPIRA". ipira.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2020-01-26.
  9. ^ "Bloomberg".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  10. ^ "Chemistry for the Future Solvay Prize - The 2020 Laureate". Solvay. Retrieved 2020-02-05.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Chemistry_Pink_Lady/Carolyn_R._Bertozzi&oldid=939230997"