User:CWood9615/sandbox

• The leader of Action Directe, a French terrorist group was a man named Jean-Marc Rouillan, who was arrested in 1974 then again in 1979 before founding the organization for conspiracy of being involved in attacks against the Spanish because he was against all efforts by any countries to help France at that time. The group as a whole, had a philosophy, which strived to answer a question that regarded to the effect of violence rather than focusing on what violence was. According to sources, Rouillan was captured again in 1980, but was believed to have successors. • The group did end up publishing a book; a political manifesto rather, entitled the “Pour un Projet communiste” in 1982, which resembled the Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx in 1848. According to sources, it has no literary merit, but the similarities to the Communist Manifesto appear to be uncanny. o source: http://www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/lnacademic/ • Action Directe displayed a wave of terrorism in France that was explained as ultra-left and justified by the means of shedding light on the issues in France caused by capitalism that the government refused to call attention to themselves. The group targeted several government officials, one of which including Georges Besse. “Action directe” did not gain very many followers but still craved the idea that protesting was the way to get the message out. Once the realization set in that protestation was not going to work, the group became increasingly more violent and gained bigger targets, most of them being government buildings and officials in France who were in favor of capitalism, which wasn’t something the group favored in the least. From what it seems, the group did not want to start out as violent, but only to send a message out on behalf of the public who might have had better ideas that wanted to be shared, but since the ideas and requests were ignored, people banned together and formed this revolutionary group that went from activist to terrorist in a matter of weeks. Even though ”action directe” did not remain in power for long, it still inflicted large amounts of damage, and put a pretty good size dent in France. Fear, manipulation and communism were what the group ultimately stood for in the end. Fortunately, the group was taken down by military forces from France and other countries, along with secret intel. Perhaps a portion of their downfall was a result of a flaw in their own system and a product of a few mistakes made during their duration as a terrorist group. o source: https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Z1C4k9xS1ucC&oi=fnd&pg=PR9&dq=action+directe&ots=kSxiSOgpGa&sig=AuWhFkQ7zbRb-fD7BAadVe0Mwz8#v=onepage&q=action%20directe&f=false Outline: 1 Founding • Definition- what it is o French Revolutionary group o Libertarian communist o Urban guerilla organization • When it was founded o 1979-1987 • Where it was founded o • Who founded/involved o GARI, NAPAP 2 Attacks • How many o 50 • What weapons used o Bombs, machine guns • What attacked o French government buildings, property management agencies, French army buildings, companies in the military-industrial complex, and the state of Israel. • Methods o Robberies o Killings 3 Arrests • Who arrested o Jean-Marc Rouillan, o Nathalie Ménigon, o Joëlle Aubron, o Georges Cipriani o Régis Schleicher • What happened next o Life sentences o One let out for medical reasons…compassionate release, later died of cancer o Activists fighting for the rest to be let out on parole or have extended furlough 4 In popular culture • Reenactments • Books o Rainbow Six • Movies o Land of the Blind • Shows, etc o British TV mini-series Red Fox