User:Brittany Floyd/sandbox

Articles Evaluation

Is everything in the article relevant to the article topic? Is there anything that distracted you?

For the most part, there was good pointers that was related to the topic however, some was distracting such as the biological basis section.

Is the article neutral? Are there any claims, or frames, that appear heavily biased toward a particular position?

I would say it's pretty much neutral. Some points were expressed more than others but it was still on target of the topic.

Do the links work? Does the source support the claims in the article? Where do the citations come from?

All the links worked. The sources do support the claims. The sources came from book pages.

Is each fact referenced with an appropriate, reliable reference? Where does the information come from? Are these neutral sources? If biased, is that bias noted?

I don't think everything was referenced appropriate. Some of the information comes from books, websites, journals, and articles from other resources. They are neutral sources.

Is any information out of date? Is anything missing that could be added?

I didn't find any of the information necessarily out of date but I do believe there could have been more information added especially in the sociology section.

What kinds of conversations, if any, are going on behind the scenes about how to represent this topic?

They added fitness related information.

How is the article rated? Is it a part of any WikiProjects?

It was rated B-Class and yes.

Article Proposal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrinkle

I would improve this article by: adding to the contents, explain about what wrinkles are, how they might be formed and when, explain what to do if you have them or began to receive them, what are the advantages and disadvantages of having them, and what could you do to prevent having them. (preferred topic)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3266803/

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0073877

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20041778

Article Proposal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Couple_interview

I would improve this article by: adding to the contents on: What is couple interview? What is the history behind it? What happens in a couple's interview? What are the advantages and disadvantages? What to do to prevent this situation? Signs of knowing when you should have an interview.

Draft Article

Wrinkles is a natural process that happens to form creases in the skin due to the numerous ways such as aging, the skin being exposed to the sun without any protection, spending too much time in water, dehydration, medication, genetics or even smoking. All of these factors can affect the way of when and how wrinkles can form on the skin.

Causes for aging wrinkles

Aging is something that occurs in our everyday life. Epidermis provides toughness and water-resistance because dead cells shed and melanin is found. Dermis is composed of nerves, fats, blood vessels, elastin, and collagen fibers that provide elasticity. Subcutaneous layer is composed of fat to keep us warm and to hold our internal organs in place. Intrinsic aging is fat loss is a part of aging where the face begins to sag because your cheeks lose fat and becomes hollower. Less fat creates less volume on the face, which also creates less draping on the skin. Loose draping also takes place when there is less bone involved because it has shrunk. Collagen is more of a protein treatment for the skin. It helps give its structure to the skin and helps hold it up as well. MMP (Matrix Metallo Proteinases) enzymes are formed when there is inflammation in the skin cause by collagenase. Extrinsic aging comes from environmental damage such as pollution, smoking, ultraviolet radiation, tough skin, and uneven tone.

Water-immersion wrinkling

A wrinkled finger after a warm bath

Adult sole showing water immersion wrinkling

The wrinkles that occur in skin after prolonged exposure to water are sometimes referred to as pruney fingers or water aging. This happens when the skin on the palms of the hand or feet becomes wrinkled. This wrinkling response may have imparted an evolutionary benefit by providing improved traction in wet conditions, and a better grasp of wet objects. However, a 2014 study attempting to reproduce these results was unable to demonstrate any improvement of handling wet objects with wrinkled fingertips. Furthermore, the same study found no connection between fingertip wrinkling and touch sensation.

It's been discovered that skin wrinkling do not occur in the areas of the patients' skin normally innervated by the damaged nerve therefore the nervous system plays an essential role in wrinkling. Wrinkling is related to vasoconstriction. . Water probably initiates the wrinkling process by altering the balance of electrolytes in the skin as it diffuses into the hands and soles via their many sweat ducts. This could alter the stability of the membranes of the many neurons that synapse on the many blood vessels underneath skin, causing them to fire more rapidly. Increased neuronal firing causes blood vessels to constrict, decreasing the amount of fluid underneath the skin. This decrease in fluid would cause a decrease in tension, causing the skin to become wrinkly.

This insight resulted in bedside tests for nerve damage and vasoconstriction. Wrinkling is often scored with immersion of the hands for 30 minutes in water or EMLA cream with measurements steps of 5 minutes, and counting the number of visible wrinkles in time. Not all healthy persons have finger wrinkling after immersion, so it would be safe to say that sympathetic function is preserved if finger wrinkling after immersion in water is observed, but if the fingers emerge smooth it cannot be assumed that there is a lesion to the autonomic supply or to the peripheral nerves of the hand.

Medications

Topical retinoids are supplements containing vitamin A that can help to provide temporary restoration of enzyme balance to slow or prevent matrix breakdown and consequent onset of wrinkle formation. Tretinoin or known as Retin A contains vitamin A acid that has been used for aging skin and fine lines. Tretinoin decreases cohesiveness of follicular epithelial cells and stimulates mitotic activity. This cream is an ongoing basis that can produce redness and peeling of the skin at the beginning of usage, but can be minimized by applying less than often used.

Moisturizers are creams that can simply help reducing the fine lines that creates wrinkles. Antioxidants contains vitamin A, C, and E, and also betcarotene. Aplpha-hydroxy acids is an Over-the-counter fruit acid cream that includes glycolic and lactic acid. The non-prescriptions aren't as guaranteed to remove all of your wrinkles but only a portion, depending on the active ingredients used in the creams.

Procedural Options

Chemical peels such as Glycolic acid and Deeper peels are when you apply a chemical solution to the areas that are wrinkled. This causes the dead skins to shed and eventually peel off. The after effect leaves the fine lines smoother and less wrinkled than before.

Dermabrasion is more of a surgical procedure that is performed under general anesthesia. During the process, the physician will use a rotating instrument to sand down the skin. This procedure can cause swelling and redness of the skin. Microdermabrasion uses a powerful vacuum to spray microcrystals of aluminum oxide across the surface of the skin. It removes most of the skin cells to stimulate the cell growth in the underlying layers of the skin. Laser therapy destroys the outer layer of the skin with a laser beam. The laser is passed several times over the area to be treated.

Laser Therapy is a light source treatment that destroys the outer layer of the skin using a laser beam. During this process, the dermis is heated to stimulate the collagen fibers. Some doctors perform this procedure under conscious sedation, which keeps the patient awake. After possibly months of the healing process, your skin is left smoother and tighter.

Botulinum toxin known as Botox blocks the chemicals that gives signals of muscles contracting. The muscles are injected in small doses during this process to give a smoother appearance on the skin. It also decreases the lines on the forehead. It normally lasts up to 3 months and can be repeated if needed.

Chemical peels involve applying chemical solutions to the wrinkle areas. This causes the dead skin to shed and peel off. This treatment can be used without a medical license but it's best to consult with a doctor before attempting this treatment.

Rhytidectomy known as Facelift is a cosmetic surgery that aims to make people look younger. It involves removing excess facial skin and fat without tightening the underlying tissues. Researchers have said that after 5 1/2 years, the facelift will still be effective but however, the neck will start to relapse which can cause the healing process to be lenghty. This process can produce bruising and swelling for a few weeks.

Fillers includes collagen, hyaluronic acid, or fat. They're injected into deeper face wrinkles. plumping and smoothing them out to give the skin more volume. Patients will experience swelling, bruising, and redness for a short period of time. This treatment can be repeated every few months.

Prevention

In order to prevent your skin from wrinkles, statuses show that you need to protect your skin by wearing sunscreen, covering up with proper clothing, staying out of the sun as much as possible, and use products with antioxidants. Watch your intake on sugar. It can bind collagen and generate inflammation. Smoking can increase wrinkles as well. Use Vitamin A retinoids to reduce wrinkle depth. Vitamin C stimulates collagen production. Peptides increases the signaling to get collagen production going. You should use water-binding ingredients to plump the skin and hydrate to smooth out the appearance of wrinkles. Injectable dermal fillers fills out deep lines and replaces lost volume, causing the skin to fall.

CH, Won, Food, J Med. (December 2016). "Red ginseng root extract mixed with Torilus fructus and Corni fructus improves facial wrinkles and increases type I procollagen synthesis in human skin: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study." https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20041778.

Kim, So Ra. "Anti-Wrinkle and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Active Garlic Components and the Inhibition of MMPs via NF-κB Signaling." Published 16 September 2013.

Content removed from article

Wrinkles is a natural process that happens to form creases in the skin due to the numerous ways such as aging, the skin being exposed to the sun without any protection, genetics or even smoking.

Aging is something that occurs in our everyday life. Epidermis provides toughness and water-resistance because dead cells shed and melanin is found. Dermis is composed of nerves, fats, blood vessels, elastin, and collagen fibers that provide elasticity. Subcutaneous layer is composed of fat to keep us warm and to hold our internal organs in place. Intrinsic aging is fat loss is a part of aging where the face begins to sag because your cheeks lose fat and becomes hollower. Less fat creates less volume on the face, which also creates less draping on the skin. Loose draping also takes place when there is less bone involved because it has shrunk. Collagen is more of a protein treatment for the skin. It helps give its structure to the skin and helps hold it up as well. MMP (Matrix Metallo Proteinases) enzymes are formed when there is inflammation in the skin cause by collagenase. Extrinsic aging comes from environmental damage such as pollution, smoking, ultraviolet radiation, tough skin, and uneven tone.

In order to prevent your skin from wrinkles, statuses show that you need to protect your skin by wearing sunscreen, covering up with proper clothing, staying out of the sun as much as possible, and use products with antioxidants. Watch your intake on sugar. It can bind collagen and generate inflammation. Smoking can increase wrinkles as well. Use Vitamin A retinoids to reduce wrinkle depth. Vitamin C stimulates collagen production. Peptides increases the signaling to get collagen production going. You should use water-binding ingredients to plump the skin and hydrate to smooth out the appearance of wrinkles. Injectable dermal fillers fills out deep lines and replaces lost volume, causing the skin to fall.