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vaccine_type

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Adenovirus vaccine
Bottles of the vaccine
Vaccine description
TargetAdenovirus
Vaccine typeFoo
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
License data
Routes of
administration
By mouth
Identifiers
UNII
Adenovirus vaccine
Bottles of the vaccine
Vaccine description
TargetAdenovirus
Vaccine typeFoo
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
License data
Routes of
administration
By mouth
Identifiers
UNII

PubChem PID, SID

[edit]

Purge 'PID |PubChem=3007

Side by side comparison
{{Infobox drug}}{{Infobox drug/sandbox}}
Amfetamine
Clinical data
Trade namesAdderall, Dyanavel XR, Evekeo, others
Other namesα-methylphenethylamine
AHFS/Drugs.comamphetamine
Routes of
administration
Medical: oral (ingestion), nasal inhalation, intravenous
Recreational: oral, nasal inhalation, insufflation, rectal, intravenous
ATC code
Pharmacokinetic data
BioavailabilityOral 75–100%
Protein binding15–40%
ExcretionPrimarily renal;
pH-dependent range: 1–75%
Identifiers
  • (RS)-1-phenylpropan-2-amine
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
NIAID ChemDB
PDB ligand
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC9H13N
Molar mass135.210 g·mol−1
Amfetamine
Clinical data
Trade namesAdderall, Dyanavel XR, Evekeo, others
Other namesα-methylphenethylamine
AHFS/Drugs.comamphetamine
Routes of
administration
Medical: oral (ingestion), nasal inhalation, intravenous
Recreational: oral, nasal inhalation, insufflation, rectal, intravenous
ATC code
Pharmacokinetic data
BioavailabilityOral 75–100%
Protein binding15–40%
ExcretionPrimarily renal;
pH-dependent range: 1–75%
Identifiers
  • (RS)-1-phenylpropan-2-amine
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
NIAID ChemDB
PDB ligand
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC9H13N
Molar mass135.210 g·mol−1

Purge 'SID |PubChem=7003 (?)

Side by side comparison
{{Infobox drug}}{{Infobox drug/sandbox}}
Amfetamine
Clinical data
Trade namesAdderall, Dyanavel XR, Evekeo, others
Other namesα-methylphenethylamine
AHFS/Drugs.comamphetamine
Routes of
administration
Medical: oral (ingestion), nasal inhalation, intravenous
Recreational: oral, nasal inhalation, insufflation, rectal, intravenous
ATC code
Pharmacokinetic data
BioavailabilityOral 75–100%
Protein binding15–40%
ExcretionPrimarily renal;
pH-dependent range: 1–75%
Identifiers
  • (RS)-1-phenylpropan-2-amine
CAS Number
PubChem SID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
NIAID ChemDB
PDB ligand
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC9H13N
Molar mass135.210 g·mol−1
Amfetamine
Clinical data
Trade namesAdderall, Dyanavel XR, Evekeo, others
Other namesα-methylphenethylamine
AHFS/Drugs.comamphetamine
Routes of
administration
Medical: oral (ingestion), nasal inhalation, intravenous
Recreational: oral, nasal inhalation, insufflation, rectal, intravenous
ATC code
Pharmacokinetic data
BioavailabilityOral 75–100%
Protein binding15–40%
ExcretionPrimarily renal;
pH-dependent range: 1–75%
Identifiers
  • (RS)-1-phenylpropan-2-amine
CAS Number
PubChem SID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
NIAID ChemDB
PDB ligand
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC9H13N
Molar mass135.210 g·mol−1

Purge FA

Side by side comparison
{{Infobox drug}}{{Infobox drug/sandbox}}
Amfetamine
An image of the amphetamine compound
A 3d image of the D-amphetamine compound
Clinical data
Pronunciation/æmˈfɛtəmn/
Trade namesAdderall, Dyanavel XR, Evekeo, others
Other namesα-methylphenethylamine
AHFS/Drugs.comamphetamine
License data
Dependence
liability
Physical: none
Psychological: moderate
Addiction
liability
Moderate
Routes of
administration
Medical: oral (ingestion), nasal inhalation, intravenous
Recreational: oral, nasal inhalation, insufflation, rectal, intravenous
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
BioavailabilityOral 75–100%
Protein binding15–40%
MetabolismAmphetamine only:
CYP2D6, DBH, FMO3
Metabolites4-hydroxyamphetamine, 4-hydroxynorephedrine, 4-hydroxyphenylacetone, benzoic acid, hippuric acid, norephedrine, phenylacetone
Onset of actionIR dosing: 30–60 minutes[1]
XR dosing: 1.5–2 hours[2][3]
Elimination half-lifeD-amph:9–11 hours
L-amph:11–14 hours
pH-dependent: 8–31 hours
Duration of actionIR dosing: 3–7 hours[4]
XR dosing: 12 hours
ExcretionPrimarily renal;
pH-dependent range: 1–75%
Identifiers
  • (RS)-1-phenylpropan-2-amine
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
NIAID ChemDB
PDB ligand
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC9H13N
Molar mass135.20622 g/mol g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Chirality1:1 mixture (racemate)
Density0.9±0.1 g/cm3
Melting point11.3 °C (52.3 °F) (predicted)[5]
Boiling point203 °C (397 °F) at 760 mmHg
  • NC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C
  • InChI=1S/C9H13N/c1-8(10)7-9-5-3-2-4-6-9/h2-6,8H,7,10H2,1H3
  • Key:KWTSXDURSIMDCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Amfetamine
An image of the amphetamine compound
A 3d image of the D-amphetamine compound
Clinical data
Pronunciation/æmˈfɛtəmn/
Trade namesAdderall, Dyanavel XR, Evekeo, others
Other namesα-methylphenethylamine
AHFS/Drugs.comamphetamine
License data
Dependence
liability
Physical: none
Psychological: moderate
Addiction
liability
Moderate
Routes of
administration
Medical: oral (ingestion), nasal inhalation, intravenous
Recreational: oral, nasal inhalation, insufflation, rectal, intravenous
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
BioavailabilityOral 75–100%
Protein binding15–40%
MetabolismAmphetamine only:
CYP2D6, DBH, FMO3
Metabolites4-hydroxyamphetamine, 4-hydroxynorephedrine, 4-hydroxyphenylacetone, benzoic acid, hippuric acid, norephedrine, phenylacetone
Onset of actionIR dosing: 30–60 minutes[1]
XR dosing: 1.5–2 hours[2][3]
Elimination half-lifeD-amph:9–11 hours
L-amph:11–14 hours
pH-dependent: 8–31 hours
Duration of actionIR dosing: 3–7 hours[4]
XR dosing: 12 hours
ExcretionPrimarily renal;
pH-dependent range: 1–75%
Identifiers
  • (RS)-1-phenylpropan-2-amine
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
NIAID ChemDB
PDB ligand
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC9H13N
Molar mass135.20622 g/mol g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Chirality1:1 mixture (racemate)
Density0.9±0.1 g/cm3
Melting point11.3 °C (52.3 °F) (predicted)[5]
Boiling point203 °C (397 °F) at 760 mmHg
  • NC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C
  • InChI=1S/C9H13N/c1-8(10)7-9-5-3-2-4-6-9/h2-6,8H,7,10H2,1H3
  • Key:KWTSXDURSIMDCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Purge

Side by side comparison
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Aspirin
Clinical data
Pronunciationacetylsalicylic acid /əˌstəlˌsælɪˈsɪlɪk/
Other names2-acetoxybenzoic acid
acetylsalicylate
acetylsalicylic acid
O-acetylsalicylic acid
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682878
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: C
Routes of
administration
Most commonly oral, also rectal, lysine acetylsalicylate may be given intravenously or intramuscularly
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S2 (Pharmacy medicine) except when given intravenously (in which case it is schedule 4), used in animal medicine (schedule 5/6) or when the dose is higher than usual.
  • UK: General sales list (GSL, OTC)
  • US: OTC
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability80–100%[6]
Protein binding80–90%[7]
MetabolismHepatic, (CYP2C19 and possibly CYP3A), some is also hydrolysed to salicylate in the gut wall.[7]
Elimination half-lifeDose-dependent; 2–3 hours for low doses, 15–30 hours for large doses.[7]
ExcretionUrine (80–100%), sweat, saliva, feces[6]
Identifiers
  • 2-(acetoxy)benzoic acid
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
PDB ligand
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC9H8O4
Molar mass180.157 g/mol g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Density1.40 g/cm3
Melting point135 °C (275 °F)
Boiling point140 °C (284 °F) (decomposes)
Solubility in water3 mg/mL (20 °C)
  • O=C(Oc1ccccc1C(=O)O)C
  • InChI=1S/C9H8O4/c1-6(10)13-8-5-3-2-4-7(8)9(11)12/h2-5H,1H3,(H,11,12)
  • Key:BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Aspirin
Clinical data
Pronunciationacetylsalicylic acid /əˌstəlˌsælɪˈsɪlɪk/
Other names2-acetoxybenzoic acid
acetylsalicylate
acetylsalicylic acid
O-acetylsalicylic acid
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682878
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: C
Routes of
administration
Most commonly oral, also rectal, lysine acetylsalicylate may be given intravenously or intramuscularly
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S2 (Pharmacy medicine) except when given intravenously (in which case it is schedule 4), used in animal medicine (schedule 5/6) or when the dose is higher than usual.
  • UK: General sales list (GSL, OTC)
  • US: OTC
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability80–100%[6]
Protein binding80–90%[7]
MetabolismHepatic, (CYP2C19 and possibly CYP3A), some is also hydrolysed to salicylate in the gut wall.[7]
Elimination half-lifeDose-dependent; 2–3 hours for low doses, 15–30 hours for large doses.[7]
ExcretionUrine (80–100%), sweat, saliva, feces[6]
Identifiers
  • 2-(acetoxy)benzoic acid
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
PDB ligand
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC9H8O4
Molar mass180.157 g/mol g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Density1.40 g/cm3
Melting point135 °C (275 °F)
Boiling point140 °C (284 °F) (decomposes)
Solubility in water3 mg/mL (20 °C)
  • O=C(Oc1ccccc1C(=O)O)C
  • InChI=1S/C9H8O4/c1-6(10)13-8-5-3-2-4-7(8)9(11)12/h2-5H,1H3,(H,11,12)
  • Key:BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • Purge GA, high number of views
Side by side comparison
{{Infobox drug}}{{Infobox drug/sandbox}}
Infobox drug/testcases9
An image of the methamphetamine compound
Ball-and-stick model of the methamphetamine molecule
Clinical data
Pronunciation/ˌmɛθæmˈfɛtəmn/
Trade namesDesoxyn
Other namesN-methylamphetamine, N,α-dimethylphenethylamine, desoxyephedrine
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
License data
Dependence
liability
Physical: none
Psychological: high
Addiction
liability
Very high
Routes of
administration
Medical: oral (ingestion), intravenous[8]
Recreational: oral, intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, smoke inhalation, insufflation, rectal, vaginal
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
BioavailabilityOral: 70%[9]
IV: 100%[9]
Protein bindingVaries widely[10]
MetabolismCYP2D6,[11] DBH,[12] FMO3,[13] XM-ligase,[14] and ACGNAT[15]
Onset of actionRapid[16]
Elimination half-life5–30 hours[17]
Duration of action10–20 hours[16]
ExcretionPrimarily renal
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC10H15N
Molar mass149.237 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Chirality1:1 mixture (racemate)
Melting point3 °C (37 °F) (predicted)[5]
Boiling point212 °C (414 °F) at 760 mmHg[18]
  • N(C(Cc1ccccc1)C)C
  • InChI=1S/C10H15N/c1-9(11-2)8-10-6-4-3-5-7-10/h3-7,9,11H,8H2,1-2H3 checkY
  • Key:MYWUZJCMWCOHBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
Infobox drug/testcases9
An image of the methamphetamine compound
Ball-and-stick model of the methamphetamine molecule
Clinical data
Pronunciation/ˌmɛθæmˈfɛtəmn/
Trade namesDesoxyn
Other namesN-methylamphetamine, N,α-dimethylphenethylamine, desoxyephedrine
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
License data
Dependence
liability
Physical: none
Psychological: high
Addiction
liability
Very high
Routes of
administration
Medical: oral (ingestion), intravenous[8]
Recreational: oral, intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, smoke inhalation, insufflation, rectal, vaginal
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
BioavailabilityOral: 70%[9]
IV: 100%[9]
Protein bindingVaries widely[10]
MetabolismCYP2D6,[11] DBH,[12] FMO3,[13] XM-ligase,[14] and ACGNAT[15]
Onset of actionRapid[16]
Elimination half-life5–30 hours[17]
Duration of action10–20 hours[16]
ExcretionPrimarily renal
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC10H15N
Molar mass149.237 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Chirality1:1 mixture (racemate)
Melting point3 °C (37 °F) (predicted)[5]
Boiling point212 °C (414 °F) at 760 mmHg[18]
  • N(C(Cc1ccccc1)C)C
  • InChI=1S/C10H15N/c1-9(11-2)8-10-6-4-3-5-7-10/h3-7,9,11H,8H2,1-2H3 checkY
  • Key:MYWUZJCMWCOHBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY

Order of sections

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Container only

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Side by side comparison
{{Infobox drug}}{{Infobox drug/sandbox}}
Niacin
Identifiers
CAS Number
Niacin
Identifiers
CAS Number

Refs

[edit]
  1. ^ "Pharmacology". amphetamine/dextroamphetamine. WebMD. Retrieved 21 January 2016. Onset of action: 30–60 min {{cite encyclopedia}}: |website= ignored (help)
  2. ^ Millichap JG (2010). "Chapter 9: Medications for ADHD". In Millichap JG (ed.). Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Handbook: A Physician's Guide to ADHD (2nd ed.). New York, USA: Springer. p. 112. ISBN 9781441913968.
    Table 9.2 Dextroamphetamine formulations of stimulant medication
    Dexedrine [Peak:2–3 h] [Duration:5–6 h] ...
    Adderall [Peak:2–3 h] [Duration:5–7 h]
    Dexedrine spansules [Peak:7–8 h] [Duration:12 h] ...
    Adderall XR [Peak:7–8 h] [Duration:12 h]
    Vyvanse [Peak:3–4 h] [Duration:12 h]
  3. ^ Brams M, Mao AR, Doyle RL (September 2008). "Onset of efficacy of long-acting psychostimulants in pediatric attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder". Postgrad. Med. 120 (3): 69–88. doi:10.3810/pgm.2008.09.1909. PMID 18824827.
  4. ^ Mignot EJ (October 2012). "A practical guide to the therapy of narcolepsy and hypersomnia syndromes". Neurotherapeutics. 9 (4): 739–752. doi:10.1007/s13311-012-0150-9. PMC 3480574. PMID 23065655.
  5. ^ a b "Properties: Predicted – EP|Suite". Amphetamine. Retrieved 6 November 2013. {{cite encyclopedia}}: |work= ignored (help)
  6. ^ a b "Zorprin, Bayer Buffered Aspirin (aspirin) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more". Medscape Reference. WebMD. Retrieved 3 April 2014.
  7. ^ a b c Brayfield, A, ed. (14 January 2014). "Aspirin". Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference. Pharmaceutical Press. Retrieved 3 April 2014.
  8. ^ United States Congress Senate Committee on the Judiciary Subcommittee to Investigate Juvenile Delinquincy (1 January 1972). Amphetamine legislation 1971: Hearings, Ninety-second Congress, first session, pursuant to S. Res. 32, section 12, investigation of juvenile delinquency in the United States (PDF). U.S. Govt. Print. Off. p. 161. Retrieved 1 January 2016. We made a decision in January of 1969 to cease the manufacture of injectable methamphetamines.
  9. ^ a b Rau T, Ziemniak J, Poulsen D (2015). "The neuroprotective potential of low-dose methamphetamine in preclinical models of stroke and traumatic brain injury". Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry. 64: 231–6. doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.02.013. PMID 25724762. In humans, the oral bioavailability of methamphetamine is approximately 70% but increases to 100% following intravenous (IV) delivery (Ares-Santos et al., 2013).
  10. ^ "Toxicity". Methamphetamine. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 31 December 2013. {{cite encyclopedia}}: |work= ignored (help)
  11. ^ "Adderall XR Prescribing Information" (PDF). United States Food and Drug Administration. December 2013. pp. 12–13. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
  12. ^ Lemke TL, Williams DA, Roche VF, Zito W (2013). Foye's Principles of Medicinal Chemistry (7th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 648. ISBN 1609133455. Alternatively, direct oxidation of amphetamine by DA β-hydroxylase can afford norephedrine.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  13. ^ Krueger SK, Williams DE (June 2005). "Mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenases: structure/function, genetic polymorphisms and role in drug metabolism". Pharmacol. Ther. 106 (3): 357–387. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2005.01.001. PMC 1828602. PMID 15922018.
  14. ^ "Substrate/Product". butyrate-CoA ligase. Technische Universität Braunschweig. Archived from the original on 22 June 2017. Retrieved 5 October 2017. {{cite encyclopedia}}: |work= ignored (help)
  15. ^ "Substrate/Product". glycine N-acyltransferase. Technische Universität Braunschweig. Archived from the original on 23 June 2017. Retrieved 5 October 2017. {{cite encyclopedia}}: |work= ignored (help)
  16. ^ a b Riviello, Ralph J. (2010). Manual of forensic emergency medicine : a guide for clinicians. Sudbury, Mass.: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. p. 41. ISBN 9780763744625.
  17. ^ Schep LJ, Slaughter RJ, Beasley DM (August 2010). "The clinical toxicology of metamfetamine". Clinical Toxicology. 48 (7): 675–694. doi:10.3109/15563650.2010.516752. ISSN 1556-3650. PMID 20849327. S2CID 42588722.
  18. ^ "Chemical and Physical Properties". Methamphetamine. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 31 December 2013. {{cite encyclopedia}}: |work= ignored (help)