Talk:Nostoc

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N. Commune is supposed to be bioluminescent [1]. I'll try to back that up somewhere else to. Remind me if I forget, or can someone else do some reasearch on that if they get a chance? Thanks - Taxman ^Talk 20:20, July 18, 2005 (UTC)

This article presents Nostoc as the answer to Star Jelly. How does it supposedly get up in the air to begin with? The article should be changed to present it as a hypothesis or expand on the vertical movement.

From Nostoc commune var. sphaeroides

Numerous medical studies in the past decade or so revealed that Nostoc contains a broad spectrum of biologically active compounds and phytochemicals that exert far-reaching nutraceutical and pharmacological effects, ranging from lowering cholesterol level^[1]^[2], improving digestive efficiency, anti-inflammatory responses^[3]^[4], anti-viral activities^[5], Einhibiting tumor/cancer growth^[6], and possible anti-HIV activity^[7]. These compounds include polysaccharides, dietary fibers, proteins and essential amino acids, poly-unsaturated fatty acids, and phycobiliproteins.

This information is general to Nostoc but was placed in a variety or subspecies article. It can be put in this article.

--Blechnic (talk) 06:32, 2 April 2008 (UTC)[reply]

^ Heather E. Rasmussen,4 Kara R. Blobaum,4 Young-Ki Park,4 Sarah J. Ehlers,4 Fan Lu,5 and Ji-Young Lee4* Lipid Extract of Nostoc commune var. sphaeroides Ku¡§tzing, a Blue-Green Alga, Inhibits the Activation of Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Proteins in HepG2 Cells1¨C3. The Journal of Nutrition. 21 December 2007.
^ Hori K, Ishibashi G, Okita T. Hypocholesterolemic effect of blue-green alga, ishikurage (Nostoc commune) in rats fed atherogenic diet. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 1994 Jan; 45(1):63-70.
^ Young-Ki Park, Heather E. Rasmussen, Sarah J. Ehlers, Kara R. Blobaum, Fan Lu, Vicki L. Schlegal, Timothy P. Carr, Ji-Young Lee. Repression of proinflammatory gene expression by lipid extract of Nostoc commune var sphaeroides K¨¹tzing, a blue-green alga, via inhibition of nuclear factor-¦ÊB in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Nutrition Research 28 (2008) 83¨C91. 21 November 2007.
^ Gonzalez R, Rodriguez S, Romay C, Ancheta O, Gonzalez A, Armesto J, Remirez D, Merino N. Anti-inflammatory activity of phycocyanin extract in acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Pharmacol Res. 1999 Jan; 39(1):55-9.
^ Knubel G, Larsen LK, Moore RE, Levine IA, Patterson GM. Cytotoxic, antiviral indolocarbazoles from a blue-green alga belonging to the Nostocaceae. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1990 Oct;43(10):1236-9.
^ Smith CD, Zhang X, Mooberry SL, Patterson GM, Moore RE. Cryptophycin: a new antimicrotubule agent active against drug-resistant cells. Cancer Res. 1994 Jul 15;54(14):3779-84.
^ Esser MT, Mori T, Mondor I, Sattentau QJ, Dey B, Berger EA, Boyd MR, Lifson JD. Cyanovirin-N binds to gp120 to interfere with CD4-dependent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virion binding, fusion, and infectivity but does not affect the CD4 binding site on gp120 or soluble CD4-induced conformational changes in gp120. J Virol. 1999 May;73(5):4360-71.

But there is a problem with determining the "correct" current name. Is this still considered a variety of the species Nostoc commune, or is it considered a species in its own right as Nostoc sphaeroides? The Nostoc page currently lists it as a separate species, but the article is named as if it is only a variety. I don't have good resources on current bacterial nomenclature. --EncycloPetey (talk) 18:03, 2 April 2008 (UTC)[reply]

It's a bacterium. As a cyanobacteria there is probably no consensus on the name within the bacterial nomenclature, but there may be a consensus for its name in the plant nomenclature. I don't bother with plant nomenclature for prokaryotic names, though. The research is too fast right now to rely upon the codes. I check algaebase.com which is not a good source for prokaryotes, but has spp. sphaeroides. I found two peer-reviewed current journal article with this species/variety. The 2008 is less reliable--as a nutrition journal--but it lists it as a variety. The 2007 is an engineering journal and uses the species. I included the first as a source on the Nostoc commune var. sphaeroides article to justify that article's name. I'm not sure and it doesn't matter to me. Someone wrote it as a variety, and I found one source sufficient to justify that name, and nothing sufficient to deny that name. Should this be discussed there not here? --Blechnic (talk) 20:45, 2 April 2008 (UTC)[reply]

Usual procedure would discuss the issue at the affected page. However, starting the discussion here is more likely to attract useful comments. --EncycloPetey (talk) 01:30, 4 April 2008 (UTC)[reply]

Maybe it will also attract someone who can improve this sadly short article on an extensively researched species. Bacterial nomenclature is problematic, nobody has good resources on it, because there are none. There are databases, the one I use for viral pathogens also lists bacteria, I think. They're not necessarily accurate or current because bacterial nomenclature is not rigid like botanical (even for the species that are in the botanical codes) or animal nomenclature. My thought was I couldn't find anything to confirm with authority that it should be the species, rather than the subspecies, so I bothered not to change someone else's choice. I think too much time could be spent trying to fix something that can't be fixed. It would be better to pool resources and get editors working on this article.--Blechnic (talk) 06:39, 4 April 2008 (UTC)[reply]

Economic Importance

Nostoc colony are rich in nitrogenous substances and hence are used as food in China and Brazi.Nostoc colonies increase nitrogen contents of the soil and are often used as a fertilizer,to increase the crop productivity,such as in rice.Nostoc is capable of fixing nitrogen and grows very rapidly.Nostoc is used,because of these properties,in reclamation of usuar(alkaline and saline) and barren soil. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 122.169.54.151 (talk) 14:39, 5 July 2010 (UTC)[reply]

Reproduction

Nostoc reproduces vegetatively and asexually.sexual reproduction is absent.All the filaments of the colony reproduce simultaneously. Vegetative Reproduction Nostoc reproduces vegetatively by fragmentation.The large old colonies break into a number of small fragments owing to external mechanical forces.Each fragment develops into a new colony. Asexual Reproduction Nostoc reproduces asexually by the formation of hormogones,akinetes and heterocyts. Homogones They are small segments of the trichome consisting of a few cells.They seperate in the region of heterocyst because of the poor link of the heterocyst with the vegetative cells.Hormogones are formed due to the mechanical disturbances or due to the death and decay of vegetative cells.Hormogones is surrounded by its own mucilage sheath.Hormogones may develop within the colony or come out of the colony to form a new colony.Hormogones secrete mucilagenous sheath and develop heterocyst either at one end or both ends.The cells divide vegetatively forming new filaments. Akinetes(Arthrospores) These are the resting spores,formed in few species of nostoc,in unfavorable conditions.They are thick walled and slightly bigger than the vegetative cells.They store large amounts of food material.The shape of the akinete may differ.They are formed singly or in chains.On the return of the favorable condition,they germinate to form new colonies. Heterocyts They are generally vestigeal organs.But in a few species of nostoc the heterocyts functions as reproductive organ.Protoplast of the heterocyts divides forming small hormogones.The wall of the heterocyts generally breaks at the polar region liberating the hormogones.The hormogones develop intoa new filament,which later on forms a new colony.Heterocyts,at times forms a number of endospores.These are small,rounded and with or without a thick wall. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 122.169.54.151 (talk) 15:17, 5 July 2010 (UTC)[reply]

AlgaeBase

There's a handy database of all the algae species available online at http://www.algaebase.org/

Maybe worth including this as a link, possibly in the references. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Shtanto (talk • contribs) 00:12, 17 May 2012 (UTC)[reply]

Where do samples come from?

Might be a bit off-topic, but I have to ask. How would a scientist go about getting his/her hands on some Nostoc e.g. Nostoc Ellipsosporum? Can you get it via online mail order? How do people come by specimens for the lab? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Shtanto (talk • contribs) 00:15, 17 May 2012 (UTC)[reply]

External links modified

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Fossil range?

This taxon is missing a fossil range--does anyone know when this started cropping up in the fossil record, or is this unknown? Entelognathus (talk) 16:24, 15 April 2021 (UTC)[reply]

Wiki Education assignment: Prokaryotic Processes

This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 7 March 2022 and 20 May 2022. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Groovytues (article contribs).

[1] Heather E. Rasmussen,4 Kara R. Blobaum,4 Young-Ki Park,4 Sarah J. Ehlers,4 Fan Lu,5 and Ji-Young Lee4* Lipid Extract of Nostoc commune var. sphaeroides Ku¡§tzing, a Blue-Green Alga, Inhibits the Activation of Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Proteins in HepG2 Cells1¨C3. The Journal of Nutrition. 21 December 2007.

[2] Hori K, Ishibashi G, Okita T. Hypocholesterolemic effect of blue-green alga, ishikurage (Nostoc commune) in rats fed atherogenic diet. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 1994 Jan; 45(1):63-70.

[3] Young-Ki Park, Heather E. Rasmussen, Sarah J. Ehlers, Kara R. Blobaum, Fan Lu, Vicki L. Schlegal, Timothy P. Carr, Ji-Young Lee. Repression of proinflammatory gene expression by lipid extract of Nostoc commune var sphaeroides K¨¹tzing, a blue-green alga, via inhibition of nuclear factor-¦ÊB in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Nutrition Research 28 (2008) 83¨C91. 21 November 2007.

[4] Gonzalez R, Rodriguez S, Romay C, Ancheta O, Gonzalez A, Armesto J, Remirez D, Merino N. Anti-inflammatory activity of phycocyanin extract in acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Pharmacol Res. 1999 Jan; 39(1):55-9.

[5] Knubel G, Larsen LK, Moore RE, Levine IA, Patterson GM. Cytotoxic, antiviral indolocarbazoles from a blue-green alga belonging to the Nostocaceae. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1990 Oct;43(10):1236-9.

[6] Smith CD, Zhang X, Mooberry SL, Patterson GM, Moore RE. Cryptophycin: a new antimicrotubule agent active against drug-resistant cells. Cancer Res. 1994 Jul 15;54(14):3779-84.

[7] Esser MT, Mori T, Mondor I, Sattentau QJ, Dey B, Berger EA, Boyd MR, Lifson JD. Cyanovirin-N binds to gp120 to interfere with CD4-dependent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virion binding, fusion, and infectivity but does not affect the CD4 binding site on gp120 or soluble CD4-induced conformational changes in gp120. J Virol. 1999 May;73(5):4360-71.

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