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Stop Cop City

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Coordinates: 33°41′38″N 84°20′10″W / 33.69383°N 84.33606°W / 33.69383; -84.33606
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Stop Cop City
Part of Black Lives Matter and the climate movement
Stop Cop City graffiti along the Proctor Creek Greenway Trail
Location
Cop City, South River Forest, DeKalb County, Georgia

33°41′38″N 84°20′10″W / 33.69383°N 84.33606°W / 33.69383; -84.33606
Parties
Coalition of environmental organizations, social justice organizations, community groups, and autonomous forest defenders
Lead figures

non-centralized leadership

Casualties and losses
1 Georgia State Trooper injured (Gunshot)
Map

Stop Cop City (SCC), also known as Block Cop City and Defend the Atlanta Forest (DTF), is a decentralized movement in Atlanta, Georgia, United States, whose goal is to stop construction of the Atlanta Public Safety Training Center by the Atlanta Police Foundation and the City of Atlanta. The proposed location for the facility is the Old Atlanta Prison Farm, and opponents of the facility are concerned about the growth of policing in the city—which has witnessed several protests against police violence following the 2020 murder of George Floyd and the killing of Rayshard Brooks,[1] both by police officers.[2][3]

Proponents of the training facility say that the project is necessary to improve police morale and to fight crime. They have said that there is no feasible alternative location for the training center and that the Old Atlanta Prison Farm is "not a forest".[3] Critics of the training facility state that the center will increase militarization of police and that destruction of the forest will exacerbate economic disparities and ecological collapse in a poor-majority Black neighborhood.[4] On January 18, 2023, Georgia State Patrol Officers shot and killed Manuel Esteban Paez Terán during a raid on the occupied encampment.

Background

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In 2020, as part of the Black Lives Matter movement and nationwide response to the murder of George Floyd, Atlanta witnessed a months-long series of protests against police brutality.[2][5][6] Less than three weeks after Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin murdered Floyd on a public street, an Atlanta police (APD) officer shot and killed Atlanta resident Rayshard Brooks, which resulted in protests, arson,[7] national outcry, and calls to defund the police.[2]

Criticism of police and associated unrest has reduced police morale.[5] Authorities claim that the city has struggled with rising crime, citing 149 homicides in 2021: the most in a single year since the 1990s.[3] However, the city's crime compilation data shows a drop in overall crime rates and a mixed trend in homicides over the period from 2009 to the present.[8] Advocates for the proposed training facility have said that the project is an attempt to address these problems.[3][5]

The $90 million proposed training center would include a shooting range and a mock village that has led the project to be nicknamed "Cop City." The city is expected to pay one-third of the cost, with the Atlanta Police Foundation (APF) paying the rest.[3] Plans for the 85-acre (34 ha) facility were announced in 2017 [citation needed]. According to the APF, the project provides "the necessary facilities required to effectively train 21st-century law enforcement agencies responsible for public safety in a major urban city."[9]

Cox Enterprises is a corporate investor in the training facility and owns the city's major daily newspaper, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution,[5] which has published multiple editorials in favor of the project.[3]

Prison farm

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See also: Old Atlanta Prison Farm

The facility's proposed location is the Old Atlanta Prison Farm (OPF). A 2021 study by the Atlanta Community Press Collective—a self-described "abolitionist media" group—called the location a site of "atrocities of the past."[10][2][11] An earlier study in 1999 did not mention historical atrocities, but did recommend that the area be preserved and placed on the National Register of Historic Places. Opponents of the project have objected to placing the police facility on the site of historic human rights violations.[2][11] Environmental justice advocates and organizations have proposed that the OPF should remain a centerpiece in the 3,500-acre (14 km2) urban green space called the South River Forest.,[3][5] citing Atlanta's "massive disparities" in green space: areas with higher percentages of African-American residents–including the area surrounding the OPF–have fewer and smaller parks.[5]

Timeline

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Stop Cop City protests in Atlanta in January 22, 2023

The APF training facility is opposed by a coalition of environmental groups, neighborhood associations, local schools,[12] and racial justice groups.[13] Plans were approved by the city in September 2021 after 17 hours of public comment from over 1,100 residents, 70% of whom opposed the project.[3] Residents have expressed concern that the approval process was secretive with limited input from affected communities.[5] The city appointed a community-advisory committee, and in 2022 Atlanta mayor Andre Dickens said that there was "a lot of room for input."[3] The advisory committee does not include representatives from environmental groups, but does include representatives from the police and fire departments and the Dickens administration.[3] A vocal critic of the facility was removed from the advisory committee.[3]

Residents who support the construction of the training facility have said that they want a properly trained police force and hope the project would improve the quality of the Atlanta police force to make their communities safer.[5]

DTF supporters have led divestment movements against APF corporate sponsors funding the APF, and four "week of action" campaigns in 2021–22 featured live music, supply drives, skill shares, and history lessons about the area.[14] Dozens of local community groups and regional organizations have opposed the project.[15][16][17]

Two environmental organizations, the South River Forest Coalition and the South River Watershed Alliance, have filed a lawsuit against the film studio development.[3]

Forest defense actions

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A tree sit to prevent cutting of trees at the Old Atlanta Prison Farm

Beginning in late 2021, the contested forest was occupied by self-described forest defenders who barricaded the area and constructed tree-sits to prevent trees from being cut. Forest defenders had several conflicts with police, resulting in some arrests. They have also destroyed equipment being used by developers in the forest, vandalized property belonging to corporations connected with the APF and Blackhall studios, and committed arson.[3] In May 2022 the corporate offices of Brasfield & Gorrie in Birmingham, Alabama were vandalized, and the message "Drop Cop City Or Else" was spray-painted on the building.[18]

There is wide variation in the political stance and approach of DTF forest defenders,[18] and several sources describe the movement as leaderless and autonomous, with any participant able to act as they wish.[13][19][20] Prison abolition is a strongly represented political philosophy among opponents.[2][6]

On December 13, 2022, a task force of multiple police agencies conducted a joint raid at the training facility site.[21] Five people were arrested and charged with domestic terrorism.[22] The Georgia Bureau of Investigation (GBI) stated that road flares, gasoline, and explosive devices were found in the area;[21] when reporters asked police whether the explosive devices were fireworks or something more dangerous, the police declined to answer.[23]

Fatal shooting by police

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Main article: Killing of Manuel Esteban Paez Terán

On January 18, 2023, Georgia State Troopers and other agencies launched another raid. During the raid a trooper was shot in the leg, and a protester, Manuel Terán, known also as "Tortuguita", was shot and killed by police.[24] Police stated that Terán fired on them without warning.[25] Multiple groups, including other protestors, two independent journalists who had previously interviewed Terán, and Terán's family, have questioned whether Terán fired first, pointing to the lack of body camera footage of the shooting and calling for an independent investigation.[25][26][27][28] GBI conducted a forensic ballistic analysis which determined that the projectile recovered from the officer's wound matched the handgun found in Terán's possession.[29] The GBI said that there is no body camera footage of the shooting because officers near the incident did not have cameras. Georgia State Patrol officers do not wear body-cameras.[30] However, there is footage of the aftermath; officers from other agencies were present and would have captured that video.[30] The recovered handgun was determined to be purchased legally by Terán in September 2020.[31] Other protesters and Terán's family dispute that Terán fired a gun.[25]

On February 9, 2023, the Atlanta police released body camera footage of the aftermath of the shooting wherein an officer is heard saying "You fucked your own officer up." This led some to believe that the injured officer had not been shot by Terán, but by friendly fire from another officer.[32][33]

In March, Terán's family released the results of an independent autopsy revealing that Terán was shot fourteen times while sitting cross-legged on the ground with their hands raised in the air.[34][35]

January 2023 protests

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Stop Cop City protests in Atlanta on January 22, 2023

On January 21, 2023, protesters marched from Underground Atlanta down Peachtree Street. At the intersection with Ellis St, some protesters damaged institutions who support the facility and burned an Atlanta Police Department vehicle. Six arrests were made. Responding to condemnation of these acts, Stop Cop City issued a statement asserting that "Destruction of material is fundamentally different from violence. All reported acts appear to be explicitly targeted against the financial backers".[36]

Vigils and protests were also held in other cities, such as Bridgeport, Minneapolis, Nashville, Philadelphia, and Tucson, from January 20 to 22, 2023.[37] Some demonstrators spray painted graffiti on Bank of America buildings to protest the company's involvement in financing the facility's construction.[37]

March 2023 protests

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A protest was held at the facility construction site on March 5, 2023. Several demonstrators threw rocks and firebombs, resulting in the destruction of several pieces of construction equipment. Police subsequently raided the nearby South River Music Festival and detained 35 people, of which 12 were released and the remaining 23 were charged with domestic terrorism.[38] Festival attendees have accused police of selectively charging protestors from out of state, while releasing Georgia residents, in order to further the narrative that "outside agitators" coordinated and controlled the protests.[citation needed]

The arrest warrant for the festival attendees stated that domestic terrorism charges were brought against those based on probable cause, such as having had mud on their feet, and that those with legal aid phone numbers written on their bodies were considered suspicious. According to The Intercept, there is no information contained in the warrants that directly connects any of the defendants to illegal actions.[39][40] Atlanta police chief Darin Schierbaum refused to comment when confronted by journalists about this allegation.[41]

In May 2023, three activists were arrested and charged with felony intimidation of a police officer and misdemeanor stalking, with penalties up to 20 years in prison, for posting fliers and identifying the officer that shot Manuel Terán.[42] That same month, three more activists were arrested and charged with charity fraud and money laundering for organizing a legal bail fund.[43] Regarding the arrests, Georgia Attorney General Chris Carr pledged to “not rest until we have held accountable every person who has funded, organized, or participated in this violence and intimidation” regarding the protests.[44]

2024 protests

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In April 2024, students at Emory University organized a protest[broken anchor] on the university lawn against Cop City and the university's ties to Israel.[45] A statement from protest organizers accused the university of being “complicit in genocide and police militarization” and called for "total institutional divestment from Israeli apartheid and Cop City at all Atlanta colleges and universities."[46][47] The protests were peaceful until Georgia State Patrol, Atlanta Police and University Police forcefully dispersed the protests.[46][48] Law enforcement used tear gas, rubber bullets, and tasers during the crackdown.[49] 28 people were arrested, including the university's philosophy department chair Noëlle McAfee.[45]

Issues and themes

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In September 2022, the APF reported that it projected opening the first phase of the facility in late 2023. DTF estimated that it had delayed the project by at least a month and a half.[14]

Domestic terrorism charges

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Following the arrests in December when protestors were charged with domestic terrorism, additional protestors arrested in January were also charged with terrorism resulting in a total of 20 people facing these charges.[50] On March 6, 2023, it was reported that 23 people who had thrown large rocks, bricks, Molotov cocktails, and fireworks at police, as well having set buildings and equipment on fire, had been charged with domestic terrorism. Only two of them were from Atlanta. One was from France, and one was from Canada.[51][52][53][54]

This is the first time that state law has been used in this way. Legal scholars, protest groups, and state and local governments are interested in the precedents that this will set for handling similar cases in the future. Supporters of this approach say that it will deter criminal behavior, while critics say that it is overreach and could stifle legitimate protest.[55]

In March 2023, several human rights groups co-signed a letter which said that "application of the domestic terrorism statute" against 19 of the 35 arrested March 2023 protestors "is an escalatory intimidation tactic and a draconian step that seems intended to chill First Amendment protected activity". The groups that signed the letter included Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, the National Lawyers Guild, and the Center for Constitutional Rights.[56]

In September 2023, 61 people were indicted under the Georgia RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations) Act for involvement in the protests.[57]

Responses

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In spring 2023, dozens of students and faculty from Georgia State University, Emory University, Agnes Scott College, Morehouse College, Spelman College and other Atlanta area colleges and universities petitioned their institutions to officially denounce the training center.[12][58]

On April 25, 2023, Emory University students gathered on the Atlanta Campus quad and pitched tents as an act of protest to urge university leadership to denounce the building of the training center.[59] Students were also asking that Emory University President Greg Fenves step down from his role as a member of the Atlanta Committee for Progress (ACP), which plays a role in the building of the project.[60] The protest ultimately came to an end when Emory Police arrived on the Quad and asked students to leave the Quad, informing them that those who remained would face arrest.[59]

As of December 31, 2023, there has been no official denouncement of the training center from any Atlanta area college or university.

In 2023, Christopher M. Carr, the Georgia Attorney General, has defended domestic terrorism charges that have been brought against protestors allegedly breaking the law.[61]

Dropped charges

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In September 2024, Georgia prosecutors dropped all fifteen charges of money laundering against three Atlanta bail fund organizers.[62] The three individuals were indicted alongside 58 others after helping to organize the Atlanta Solidarity Fund, a provider of bail money for protestors taken into custody.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Abusaid, Shaddi; Stevens, Alexis; Hollis, Henri; Burns, Asia Simone (August 23, 2020). "No charges against Atlanta officers in fatal shooting of Rayshard Brooks". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on August 24, 2022. Retrieved August 24, 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Abolitionists and Environmentalists in Atlanta Band Together to "Stop Cop City"". YES! Magazine. Archived from the original on December 10, 2022. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Bethea, Charles (August 3, 2022). "The New Fight Over an Old Forest in Atlanta". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on April 5, 2023. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
  4. ^ "Atlanta organizers unveil plan to stop 'Cop City' at the ballot box". AP News. June 7, 2023. Archived from the original on June 21, 2023. Retrieved November 3, 2023.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h Maxouris, Christina (September 24, 2022). "Atlanta wants to build a massive police training facility in a forest. Neighbors are fighting to stop it". CNN. Archived from the original on March 6, 2023. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
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  7. ^ Ellis, Ralph (June 24, 2020). "Woman charged in Atlanta Wendy's arson given $10,000 bond in first court hearing". CNN. Archived from the original on June 26, 2020. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
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  9. ^ Jordan, Mike (June 16, 2022). "The US activists holed up in treehouses to block $90m 'Cop City'". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 16, 2024. Retrieved December 12, 2022.
  10. ^ Atlanta Community Press Collective (August 14, 2021). "A brief history of the Atlanta City Prison Farm". Archived from the original on August 9, 2022. Retrieved June 11, 2024.
  11. ^ a b Vicks, Akil (July 2022). "Atlanta Is Building a "Cop City" on the Site of a Former Prison Farm". Jacobin. Archived from the original on July 30, 2022. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
  12. ^ a b Pratt, Timothy (February 9, 2023). "'Cop City' opposition spreads beyond Georgia forest defenders". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on February 28, 2023. Retrieved February 28, 2023.
  13. ^ a b Herskind, Micah (February 8, 2022). "Cop City and the Prison Industrial Complex in Atlanta". Mainline. Archived from the original on December 10, 2022. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
  14. ^ a b "INSTITUTE INDEX: Defending Atlanta's last forest from 'Cop City'". Facing South. September 2, 2022. Archived from the original on December 10, 2022. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
  15. ^ "64 groups and businesses sign on to oppose public safety training center ahead of City Council resolution". SaportaReport. June 24, 2022. Archived from the original on January 30, 2023. Retrieved January 30, 2023.
  16. ^ Capelouto, J. D. "SE Atlanta neighborhoods: Don't build police training facility on old prison farm site". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. ISSN 1539-7459. Archived from the original on January 30, 2023. Retrieved January 30, 2023.
  17. ^ "What is 'Cop City'? How opposition to an Atlanta police center prompted national demonstrations". NBC News. January 26, 2023. Archived from the original on January 30, 2023. Retrieved January 30, 2023.
  18. ^ a b "Diverse Coalition Unites Against Atlanta's Plan to Build "Cop City"". Filter. August 25, 2022. Archived from the original on December 10, 2022. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
  19. ^ Fassler, Ella (February 17, 2022). "Activists Are Occupying the Woods of Atlanta to Block a New Police Facility". Vice. Archived from the original on July 30, 2022. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
  20. ^ Bernd, Candice (February 23, 2022). "Activists Blockade Construction of Massive Cop Training Center in Atlanta Forest". Truthout. Archived from the original on December 10, 2022. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
  21. ^ a b Sayers, Devon M.; Watson, Michelle; Levenson, Eric (December 14, 2022). "Five people arrested on domestic terrorism charges in clash at Atlanta's 'Cop City' site". CNN. Archived from the original on December 16, 2022. Retrieved December 16, 2022.
  22. ^ Wheatley, Thomas (December 15, 2022). "Atlanta's "Cop City" activists face domestic terrorism charges". Axios. Archived from the original on December 16, 2022. Retrieved December 16, 2022.
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  28. ^ Peisner, David. "Little Turtle's War". THE BITTER SOUTHERNER. Archived from the original on February 2, 2023. Retrieved February 2, 2023.
  29. ^ Donesha, Aldridg. "GBI: Ballistic analysis shows projectile recovered from trooper's wound matches gun in protester's possession". 11 Alive. Archived from the original on May 16, 2024. Retrieved January 23, 2023.
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  31. ^ "GBI: Gun used to shoot trooper at site of Atlanta Public Safety Training Center bought legally by suspect". Fox5 Atlanta. Archived from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved July 4, 2024.
  32. ^ Estep, Tyler; Abusaid, Shaddi (February 8, 2023). "Atlanta police release footage of training center shooting aftermath". The Atlanta Journal Constitution. Archived from the original on February 9, 2023. Retrieved February 9, 2023.
  33. ^ Unicorn Riot (February 8, 2023). "Atlanta PD Releases Bodycam Footage from Deadly Jan. 18 Forest Raid". Archived from the original on February 9, 2023. Retrieved February 9, 2023.
  34. ^ Owen, Tess (March 13, 2023). "Police Shot 'Stop Cop City' Activist 14 Times With Their Hands Up, Independent Autopsy Shows". Vice News. Archived from the original on March 13, 2023. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  35. ^ Rico, R.J. (March 13, 2023). "Autopsy report says 'Cop City' protester had hands raised when killed". PBS News. Archived from the original on March 13, 2023. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  36. ^ "6 arrested after violent protesters cause mayhem, set APD car on fire in downtown Atlanta". WSBTV. Archived from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved January 22, 2023.
  37. ^ a b Fur, Lucy (January 23, 2023). "Marches and Vigils Across the US Respond to the Police Killing of Forest Defender Tort". Unicorn Riot. Archived from the original on January 28, 2023. Retrieved January 24, 2023.
  38. ^ Spender, Tom (March 6, 2023). "Atlanta 'Cop City': Arrests as protesters clash with police". BBC News. Archived from the original on March 6, 2023. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
  39. ^ "The Show Must Go On: On Sunday's arrests at the South River Music Festival". Atlanta Community Press Collective. March 8, 2023. Archived from the original on March 11, 2023. Retrieved March 11, 2023.
  40. ^ Lennard, Natasha (March 8, 2023). "Atlanta Cop City Protesters Charged With Domestic Terror for Having Mud on Their Shoes". The Intercept. Archived from the original on March 12, 2023. Retrieved May 20, 2023.
  41. ^ "Unicorn Riot Coverage of the Movement to Protect the Atlanta Forest". UNICORN RIOT. Archived from the original on March 11, 2023. Retrieved March 11, 2023.
  42. ^ Lennard, Natasha; Lacy, Akela (May 2, 2023). "Activists Face Felonies for Distributing Flyers on "Cop City" Protester Killing". The Intercept. Archived from the original on May 4, 2023. Retrieved May 20, 2023. A forensics report from the Georgia Bureau of Investigation about guns fired during Tortuguita's killing named six state patrol officers: Bryland Myers, Jerry Parrish, Jonathan Salcedo, Mark Jonathan Lamb, Ronaldo Kegel, and Royce Zah. According to public records, one of the officers named lives in the area where the activists posted flyers. The report was obtained by the Atlanta Community Press Collective, an abolitionist nonprofit media group, through an open records request.
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  45. ^ a b Stieb, Matt (April 25, 2024). "Cops Tase Students in Violent Arrests at Emory". Intelligencer. Archived from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  46. ^ a b Pratt, Timothy; Yang, Maya; Salam, Erum (April 26, 2024). "Police allegedly use rubber bullets and teargas at university protest in Georgia". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on May 16, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  47. ^ Yen, Amanda (April 25, 2024). "Arrests Get Violent as Cops Deploy Tasers and Tear Gas on Campus Protesters". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  48. ^ "Pro-Palestinian, 'Cop City' protesters arrested on Emory University campus". WABE. April 25, 2024. Archived from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
  49. ^ Lenthang, Marlene (April 26, 2024). "Reports of pepper bullets, tear gas and stun guns used at Emory protest". NBC News. Archived from the original on April 25, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
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  51. ^ 23 charged with domestic terrorism after violent night at Atlanta public safety training center site Archived March 6, 2023, at the Wayback Machine, WSB via Yahoo, March 6, 2023
  52. ^ 23 charged with domestic terrorism after Atlanta 'Cop City' clashes Archived March 6, 2023, at the Wayback Machine, NBC News channel at YouTube, March 6, 2023
  53. ^ 23 protesters charged with domestic terrorism after fiery clashes at Atlanta's 'Cop City' training center Archived May 16, 2024, at the Wayback Machine, ABC News, March 6, 2023
  54. ^ 23 face domestic terrorism charges after arrests in ‘Cop City’ protests at planned police training site in Atlanta Archived March 7, 2023, at the Wayback Machine, CNN, March 6, 2023
  55. ^ McWhirter, Mariah Timms and Cameron (February 24, 2023). "Atlanta 'Cop City' Cases Test Use of Domestic-Terrorism Charges Against Protesters". Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on February 28, 2023. Retrieved February 28, 2023.
  56. ^ "66 Organizations Urge that Domestic Terrorism Charges Against Defend the Atlanta Forest Protesters Be Dropped". Defending Rights & Dissent. March 6, 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 8, 2023.
  57. ^ "61 indicted in Georgia on racketeering charges connected to 'Stop Cop City' movement". AP News. September 5, 2023. Archived from the original on September 8, 2023. Retrieved September 8, 2023.
  58. ^ "AUC, GSU, Tech, Agnes Scott, and Emory Students Hold Coordinated Protests Against Cop City". April 24, 2023. Archived from the original on January 12, 2024. Retrieved October 24, 2023.
  59. ^ a b "EPD Removes Stop Cop City Student Protestors from Quad". April 25, 2023. Archived from the original on January 27, 2024. Retrieved January 27, 2024.
  60. ^ "Atlanta Committee for Progress". Archived from the original on January 27, 2024. Retrieved January 27, 2024.
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  62. ^ "Georgia prosecutors drop all 15 counts of money laundering against 3 'Cop City' activists - AP News". apnews.com. September 17, 2023. Retrieved September 20, 2024.
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