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Renai Circulation

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Not to be confused with renal circulation.
"Renai Circulation"
Digital release cover
Song by Nadeko Sengoku (Kana Hanazawa)
from the album Bakemonogatari Ongaku Zenshū Songs & Soundtracks
ReleasedJanuary 27, 2010 (2010-01-27)
Recorded2009
Genre
Length4:16
LabelAniplex
Songwriter(s)
Producer(s)Satoru Kōsaki
Music video
"Renai Circulation" on YouTube

"Renai Circulation" (Japanese: 恋愛サーキュレーション, Hepburn: Ren'ai Sākyurēshon, lit. "Love Circulation") is a song from the 2009 Japanese anime television series Bakemonogatari (the animated adaptation of the first book from the Monogatari series by Nisio Isin) and performed by Kana Hanazawa as her character, Nadeko Sengoku. Composed by Satoru Kōsaki with lyrics written by Meg Rock, "Renai Circulation" serves as both Nadeko's character image song as well as the opening theme song in episode 10 of Bakemonogatari, which first premiered on September 11, 2009, to represent the "Nadeko Snake" story arc.

"Renai Circulation" was released on digital services and as a limited edition CD bonus with vol. 4 of the DVD and Blu-ray home releases of Bakemonogatari on January 27, 2010. It was later given a wider physical release and compiled on the series' soundtrack album, Bakemonogatari Ongaku Zenshū Songs & Soundtracks [ja] on December 21, 2011.

"Renai Circulation" received praise for its "cute" melody as well as Hanazawa's vocals. After the initial release of "Renai Circulation", in 2010, the song inspired a trend of cover dances and mash-ups on Niconico. In the late 2010s, the popularity of the song resurfaced again, this time globally, through TikTok.

Background and release

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Kana Hanazawa (pictured in 2010), the voice actress of Nadeko Sengoku, performed "Renai Circulation."

"Renai Circulation" is a song from the 2009 anime series Bakemonogatari (the animated adaptation of the first book in the Monogatari series by Nisio Isin) and serves as the character image song for the character Nadeko Sengoku.[1][2] It first appeared as the opening theme song of episode 10, "Nadeko Snake, Part 2",[1][a] which was originally broadcast on September 11, 2009 on Tokyo MX,[5] to coincide with "Nadeko Snake", a story arc featuring Nadeko as the main character.[3] The vocals were performed by Nadeko's voice actress, Kana Hanazawa.[1]

"Renai Circulation" was given a limited physical release as a CD bonus in vol. 4 of the DVD and Blu-ray limited edition home releases of Bakemonogatari.[6] The home releases were originally scheduled to be on sale on December 29, 2009,[7] but they were postponed until finally releasing on January 27, 2010.[6] "Renai Circulation" was also released on digital services on the same day.[8] On December 21, 2011, "Renai Circulation" saw a wider physical release on the soundtrack album Bakemonogatari Ongaku Zenshū Songs & Soundtracks [ja].[9]

Composition and lyrics

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"Renai Circulation" is composed by Satoru Kōsaki with lyrics written by Meg Rock.[1] Kōsaki felt it would be interesting to feature Hanazawa rapping in a gentle manner, inspired by Shibuya-kei music and Japanese hip-hop artist Kaseki Cider.[10] Similar to Hanazawa's song "Melody", "Renai Circulation" is focused on a narrative with rap elements against a "funky tune."[11] J-Cast [ja] described the song as a "light pop tune" that makes use of Hanazawa's vocals.[1] Anime News Network described the song as a "starry-eyed love song" that reveals Nadeko's "conflict and character."[4] Kai-You described the lyrics as depicting Nadeko's feelings for the main character of the Monogatari series, Koyomi Araragi, with Hanazawa portraying Nadeko's "maiden heart" with a "clear, whisper vocal" against a light brass section, single-note guitar, and a glockenspiel.[12] The chorus opens with the Japanese onomatopoeia fuwa-fuwari (ふわふわり), which means "fluffy" and is used to describe "cute, upbeat, or insubstantial things."[4] The song also contains a wordplay about Nadeko's name and yamato nadeshiko in the line "I will try without the 'shi' — I mean, I will try if it would cost my life!" (「し」抜きで いや 死ぬ気で！, "shi" nuki de, iya, shinuki de!)[3]

Since the release of "Renai Circulation", Nadeko's subsequent character songs have made references to the former. "Mousou Express" was released for the 2013 anime series Monogatari: Second Season, which adapted Otorimonogatari and was used as the opening theme song to the "Nadeko Medusa" story arc.[12] The song depicted Nadeko's descent into madness about her unrequited feelings for Koyomi Araragi and was seen as a response to "Renai Circulation."[12] "Caramel Ribbon Cursetard", a duet between Nadeko and Yotsugi Ononoki (voiced by Saori Hayami) released for the 2024 anime adaptation of Nademonogatari, is also presented with rapping verses, with the lyrics having Nadeko face her past self in "Renai Circulation" and "Mousou Express."[12]

Reception

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Famitsu stated that "Renai Cirulation" suited Nadeko's cute image "perfectly."[3] They also describe Hanazawa to have an "airy" and "cute" singing voice that they found "charming."[3] Anime News Network described the song as "cutesy as all get-out" and that it framed Nadeko as "cute and dramatically vacuous", making her a cliché moe character.[13] Kai You stated that the rapping in the song was not skilled compared to hip hop songs, but it benefited in making the song "cute" due to how it portrayed Nadeko's clumsy character.[12] In 2019, "Renai Circulation" won the Character Song Award at the Heisei Anisong Grand Prix for the decade of 2000 to 2009.[14]

Live performances

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In 2015, Hanazawa performed "Renai Circulation" as an encore song for her "Live 2015 Blue Avenue" concert tour.[15] After "Renai Circulation" went viral on TikTok in China, Hanazawa was invited to perform the song as a special guest at the 2019 BTV Universal New Year's Eve Snow and Ice Song Festival in Beijing, China.[16][17][18] She later performed the song again in 2019 during a concert in Shanghai.[17] In May, Hanazawa performed the song at Monogatari Fes: 10th Anniversary Story, a talk event celebrating the 10-year anniversary of the Monogatari anime adaptation.[19]

In 2022, Hanazawa performed "Renai Circulation" on her "Live 2022 Blossom" concert tour.[20] She also performed it at Animelo Summer Live 2022.[21] In October, Hanazawa performed the song at the Dream Entertainment Live, an event celebrating the 55th anniversary of All Night Nippon.[22] In 2023, she performed the song at the Tencent Music Entertainment Awards as part of a medley of her other anime songs.[23]

Cultural impact

[edit]

After the song's initial release, in 2010, "Renai Circulation" became popular among anime fans, inspiring cover dances with original choreography and song mash-ups on Niconico.[1] Nadeko won first place in a Bakemonogatari character poll held by anime merchandise retailer Toranoana, with some voters citing "Renai Circulation" as the reason.[24] In 2022, Hanazawa stated that the success of "Renai Circulation" led her to receiving more offers to perform character songs as well as a singing career.[25] She also stated that the song has helped her "get to know [her] voice."[21]

In 2018, "Renai Circulation" went viral on TikTok in China.[17] On December 18, 2019, Chinese electronics company Xiaomi posted a parody version of the song video on Bilibili about their Q3 financial report using processed voice clips from their CEO, Lei Jun.[1][26] In 2021, "Renai Circulation" spread outside of Asia on TikTok as well through a 2012 English-language cover version by American singer Lizz Robinett.[1] Robinett's version inspired cover dances on the app and became an Internet meme.[27] Her version of the song also saw popularity with Japanese users who were unfamiliar with the song.[1][28] "Renai Circulation" was described by Natalie as an example of a J-pop song finding a global audience.[29]

The song "Tokyo Mauve" by Polkadot Stingray was inspired by Hanazawa, with the composition resembling "Renai Circulation."[30] In 2022, "Renai Circulation" was used as an ending theme song to the child-rearing program Sukusuku Ko Sodate [ja] on NHK Educational TV.[3]

Cover versions

[edit]

In 2010, Japanese singer Mai Kotone [ja] recorded a cover version for Anime Dance Best Gig, a compilation album featuring covers of popular anime songs.[31] Kotone also performed the song during a concert celebrating her 24th birthday in 2014.[32] In 2012, American singer Lizz Robinett recorded an English-language cover,[1] which later spread outside of Asia on TikTok.[27] Robinett's version ranked no. 1 in the Billboard Japan TikTok Weekly Top 20 in the week of March 22, 2021.[27] In 2013, Japanese singer Nagi Yanagi recorded a cover version as a first press bonus for her album Euaru.[33] In 2020, a Chinese-language cover version was recorded and performed on the reality competition program Youth With You.[1] In 2022, a cover version performed by Hotaru Shiragiku (voiced by Satomi Amano) became available as a playable song in the mobile game The Idolmaster Cinderella Girls: Starlight Stage.[34] The Resonanz Children's Choir performed the song live with the Jakarta Concert Orchestra, during an Anime Symphony concert.[35]

Notes

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  1. ^ "Renai Circulation" also appeared as the opening theme song of episode 9 in the home release version.[3][4]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Ōmiya, Takashi (May 5, 2021). "化物語「恋愛サーキュレーション」はTikTokにピッタリ？ 10年経て再ブレークの理由、専門家が分析" ["Renai Circulation" from Bakemonogatari is perfect for TikTok? Experts analyze the reason behind its second breakthrough after 10 years]. J-Cast [ja] (in Japanese). Archived from the original on December 4, 2022. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  2. ^ "花澤香菜3rdシングル「happy endings」PV＆コメント公開" [PV and comments for Kana Hanazawa's 3rd single "Happy Endings" revealed]. Natalie (in Japanese). September 21, 2012. Archived from the original on August 20, 2022. Retrieved August 1, 2023. 「happy endings」は、花澤が声を担当したアニメ「化物語」千石撫子のキャラクターソング「恋愛サーキュレーション」を手がけたmegrockと神前暁による書き下ろし。 ["Happy Endings" is a new song written by Meg Rock and Satoru Kōsaki, who wrote "Renai Circulation", the character song for Nadeko Sengoku, who Hanazawa voiced in Bakemonogatari.]
  3. ^ a b c d e f Shishimomofly (June 19, 2022). "『化物語』のOP曲『恋愛サーキュレーション』、"怪異の仕業"だと話題になった逸話といえば？【YouTubeでアニソン】" [What if I said a story about how "Renai Circulation", the opening theme song to Bakemonogatari, is the "deeds of oddities" that became a hot topic? (Anime songs on YouTube)]. Famitsu (in Japanese). Archived from the original on June 30, 2022. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  4. ^ a b c Creamer, Nick (March 16, 2017). "Bakemonogatari: Episode 9". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on February 16, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  5. ^ "第10話 化物語「なでこスネイク 其ノ貮」" [Episode 10 of Bakemonogatari: "Nadeko Snake, Part 2"]. The TV [ja] (in Japanese). Archived from the original on August 3, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  6. ^ a b Itō, Masahiro (January 27, 2010). "延期されるも人気は衰えず！ 「化物語」第4巻が発売！" [Still popular after being delayed! Vol. 4 of Bakemonogatari is released]. ASCII Media Works (in Japanese). Archived from the original on March 27, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  7. ^ "「化物語」BD＆DVD第6巻「つばさキャット(下)」の発売が"制作上の都合"により3月24日から6月9日に延期" [Release date of Bakemonogatari Blu-ray and DVD vol. 6, "Tsubasa Cat (Part 2)" has been postponed from March 24 to June 9 due to "production issues"]. Gigazine (in Japanese). March 5, 2010. Archived from the original on August 3, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  8. ^ "恋愛サーキュレーション(化物語)" [Renai Circulation (Bakemonogatari)]. Apple Music (in Japanese). Archived from the original on August 2, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  9. ^ "「化物語」音楽全集 Songs&Soundtracks". Oricon (in Japanese). Archived from the original on August 2, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  10. ^ Fuwa, Ryozo (August 10, 2021). "音を極める――メディア芸術の音を創造した人々 第4回 作曲家・神前暁（後編）". MACC. Archived from the original on December 5, 2023. Retrieved July 29, 2024.
  11. ^ Usuki, Shigeaki (June 15, 2013). "花澤香菜「claire」インタビュー" [Interview with Kana Hanazawa about Claire]. Natalie (in Japanese). Archived from the original on April 7, 2016. Retrieved August 1, 2023. もともと語りやラップ的なファンキーチューン、そしてスラップ（チョッパー）・ベースというリクエストがあったのですが、かといって「恋愛サーキュレーション」でもなく [...] [Originally, there was a request for a narrative rap-like funky tune, and then a slap bass, but [the song] is not "Renai Circulation"...
  12. ^ a b c d e "『撫物語』千石撫子の新キャラソン「caramel ribbon cursetard」考察　セルフサンプリングで表現する歴史と成長" [A study of "Caramel Ribbon Cursetard", a new character song by Nadeko Sengoku from Nademonogatari: the history of self-sampling and character growth]. Kai-You (in Japanese). July 25, 2024. Retrieved July 29, 2024.
  13. ^ Creamer, Nick (March 18, 2017). "Bakemonogatari: Episode 9". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on February 16, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  14. ^ Loveridge, Lynzee (March 4, 2019). "Heisei Anisong Grand Prize Winners: 2000-2009". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on June 10, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  15. ^ "花澤香菜さん初となる日本武道館ライヴをレポート。アンコールでは神曲『恋愛サーキュレーション』も！" [Report of Kana Hanazawa's first live show at the Nippon Budokan. The encore even has the legendary song "Renai Circulation"!]. Dengeki (in Japanese). May 5, 2015. Archived from the original on September 3, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  16. ^ "花澤香菜、在日ファンクとのタッグで大好きな「パン」を歌う". Natalie (in Japanese). December 26, 2018. Archived from the original on August 21, 2022. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  17. ^ a b c "花澤香菜、自身初"海外公演"を中国にて！TikTokで人気沸騰中の「恋愛サーキュレーション」など披露" [Kana Hanazawa holds "first overseas performance" in China; shows off "Renai Circulation", a popular song on TikTok]. Anime! Anime! (in Japanese). April 17, 2019. Archived from the original on April 4, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  18. ^ "花澤香菜の写真集3・16発売 30歳節目に「かなり攻めた」透け感ワンピース" [Kana Hanazawa releases photobook on March 16, celebrating her 30th birthday wearing a "pretty aggressive" sheer one-piece dress]. Oricon (in Japanese). February 19, 2020. Archived from the original on December 20, 2022. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  19. ^ "『＜物語＞フェス』にキャスト集結 "一夜限り"のスペシャルステージで魅了" [Monogatari Fes: cast gathering that charms with an "all night" special stage]. Oricon (in Japanese). May 13, 2019. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  20. ^ Komatsu, Mikikazu (September 4, 2022). "Watch Kana Hanazawa's New Concert Blu-ray "Live 2022 blossom" Digest". Crunchyroll. Archived from the original on September 3, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  21. ^ a b "アニサマ2022：花澤香菜が11年ぶり出演 名曲「恋愛サーキュレーション」披露" [Animelo Summer 2022: Kana Hanazawa makes first appearance in 11 years, shows off popular song "Renai Circulation"]. Mantan Web (in Japanese). August 28, 2022. Archived from the original on September 8, 2022. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  22. ^ "佐久間P『ドリエンライブ』横アリ一帯"チュロ景色" 豪華メンバーと「日本一大きなラジオオフ会」" [Producer Sakuma's "Dream Entertainment Live" at Yokohama Arena: in the "churro scenery" area with a gorgeous group of members at "Japan's largest radio meetup"]. Oricon (in Japanese). October 29, 2022. Archived from the original on July 29, 2024. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  23. ^ "マカオで開催されたフェス『TMEA』に花澤香菜が出演！ライブスチール到着！" [Kana Hanazawa makes an appearance at TMEA, a festival opening in Macao! Here's a photo still of her live performance!]. Pony Canyon (in Japanese). July 13, 2023. Archived from the original on September 3, 2023. Retrieved September 3, 2023.
  24. ^ "化物語キャラクター人気投票結果発表 第1位は撫子「カワイスギル…罪」" [Results for Bakemonogatari character popularity poll released, Nadeko wins first place, "She's too cute... what a sin"]. ASCII Media Works (in Japanese). January 26, 2010. Archived from the original on June 15, 2017. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  25. ^ "花澤香菜「blossom」インタビュー ソロデビューから10年、"再出発"をテーマに掲げたニューアルバム完成" [Interview with Kana Hanazawa about her album Blossom: 10 years since her solo debut, a new album with the theme of "restart" has been completed]. Natalie (in Japanese). February 25, 2022. Archived from the original on March 20, 2022. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  26. ^ "マジか!? Xiaomiが第3四半期決算をアニソン「恋愛サーキュレーション」に乗せてお届け" [Is this for real?! Xiaomi presents third quarterly financial report through anime song "Renai Circulation"]. PC Watch (in Japanese). Impress [ja]. December 19, 2019. Archived from the original on November 27, 2022. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  27. ^ a b c "【TikTok週間楽曲ランキング】Lizz Robinett歌う「恋愛サーキュレーション」英語カバーが首位" [(TikTok Weekly Song Ranking) English cover of "Renai Circulation" sung by Lizz Robinett tops chart]. Billboard Japan (in Japanese). April 2, 2021. Archived from the original on August 2, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  28. ^ "Perfumeが踊る「恋愛サーキュレーション」公開" [Perfume releases video of them dancing to "Renai Circulation"]. Natalie (in Japanese). July 3, 2021. Archived from the original on July 13, 2021. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  29. ^ Hashimoto, Shohei (June 15, 2023). "「Gacha Pop」はJ-POPに代わる新ジャンルになるのか？" [Will "Gacha pop" become a new genre that will replace J-pop?]. Natalie (in Japanese). Archived from the original on June 22, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  30. ^ Narimatsu, Akira (December 14, 2021). "花澤香菜×雫 インタビュー 相思相愛なコラボ曲「SHINOBI-NAI」はどうやって生まれた？" [Interview with Kana Hanazawa and Shizuku: how did the mutual collaboration song "Shinobi-Nai" come about?]. Natalie (in Japanese). Archived from the original on February 9, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  31. ^ "ハルヒから千石撫子まで、アニヲタ歓喜のカバーコンピ" [From Haruhi to Nadeko Sengoku, a cover compilation that will make anime fans rejoice]. Natalie (in Japanese). April 19, 2010. Archived from the original on April 7, 2016. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  32. ^ "小桃音まい、24歳のバースデーライブ! 初披露の新曲はDIANNA☆SWEETメンバーとのユニット" [Mai Kotone holds live show on her 24th birthday! New song performed with Dianna Sweet members as a unit is unveiled]. Oricon (in Japanese). August 26, 2014. Archived from the original on September 3, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  33. ^ Narimatsu, Akira (June 28, 2013). "やなぎなぎ「エウアル」インタビュー" [Interview with Nagi Yanagi about Euaru]. Natalie (in Japanese). Archived from the original on October 23, 2022. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  34. ^ "『デレステ』白菊ほたるの『恋愛サーキュレーション』、一ノ瀬志希による『Alchemy』が実装決定！ アニソン名曲カバー特集が近日開始" ["Renai Circulation" performed by Hotaru Shiragiku and "Alchemy" performed by Shiki Ichinose are announced to be implemented on The Idolmaster Cinderella Girls: Starlight Stage! Covers of popular anime songs soon to be featured]. Famitsu (in Japanese). June 23, 2022. Archived from the original on June 23, 2022. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  35. ^ "Jakarta Concert Orchestra Sukses Gelar Konser Anime Perdana 'An Anime Symphony'". Liputan 6. December 10, 2023. Archived from the original on May 16, 2024. Retrieved May 16, 2024.
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