Pupilla triplicata
| Pupilla triplicata | |
|---|---|
| |
| Six shells of Pupilla triplicata, scale bar in mm | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Order: | Stylommatophora |
| Family: | Pupillidae |
| Genus: | Pupilla |
| Species: | P. triplicata
|
| Binomial name | |
| Pupilla triplicata | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Glischrus (Pupa) triplicata Studer, 1820 | |
Pupilla triplicata is a species of minute air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Pupillidae.
Distribution
[edit]The distribution of this species is in Central and Southern Europe[2] and includes Southern Europe from the Pyrenees to the Alps, the Carpathians, Crimea, Northern Turkey, Transcaucasia and Central Asia to Lake Baikal.[3]
The species occurs in a number of countries including:
- Lower concern in Switzerland[3]
- Endangered in Germany,[3] extinct in Rheinland-Pfalz[3]
- Vulnerable in Austria[3]
- Czech Republic
- Slovakia
- Poland
- Ukraine[4]
Pupilla triplicata has a scattered distribution, and populations in lower altitudes are threatened by habitat destruction.[3]
Description
[edit]The shell of Pupilla triplicata is much smaller than Pupilla sterrii and the other Pupilla species.[3] The structure of the surface is finer.[3] Whorls are convex.[3] The cervical callus is present but not extremely strong.[3] There are usually 3 teeth in the aperture.[3]
The height of the shell is 2.2-2.8 (up to 4) mm.[3] The width of the shell is 1.4 mm (shell diameter should not exceed 1.4 mm).[3]
Ecology
[edit]Pupilla triplicata lives in grass near limestone rocks, in dry and sunny habitats, often in limestone rock rubble with xerophilous vegetation.[3] It lives mainly between 300 and 1000 m, and in Switzerland up to 2600 m in altitude.[3]
References
[edit]
This article incorporates public domain text from reference [3].
- ^ (in German) Studer S. (1820). "Kurzes Verzeichniss der bis jetzt in unserm Vaterlande entdeckten Conchylien". Naturwissenschaftlicher Anzeiger der Allgemeinen Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften 3(11): 83-90, 91-94. Bern.
- ^ (in Slovak) Lisický M. J. (1991). Mollusca Slovenska [The Slovak molluscs]. VEDA vydavateľstvo Slovenskej akadémie vied, Bratislava, 344 pp.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Species summary for Pupilla triplicata". AnimalBase. Last modified 15-04-2010, accessed 31 July 2010.
- ^ Balashov I. & Gural-Sverlova N. (2012). "An annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs of Ukraine". Journal of Conchology 41(1): 91-109.