From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Palencia is one of the 52 constituencies (Spanish : circunscripciones ) represented in the Congress of Deputies , the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales . The constituency currently elects four deputies . Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Palencia . The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation , with a minimum threshold of three percent.
The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election . The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Congress of Deputies ,[ 2] Spanish Constitution of 1978 . Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law , needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales .[ 3]
Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage , which comprises all nationals over eighteen and in full enjoyment of their political rights. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over twenty-one and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish : Voto rogado ) which was abolished in 2022.[ 4] [ 5] D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation , with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which includes blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Each provincial constituency is entitled to an initial minimum of two seats, with the remaining 248 being distributed in proportion to their populations. Ceuta and Melilla are allocated the two remaining seats, which are elected using plurality voting .[ 3] [ 6] [ 7] district magnitude .[ 8]
The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry , coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one-thousandth of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.[ 6] [ 7]
2023 general election [ edit ]
Summary of the 23 July 2023 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia
Parties and alliances
Popular vote
Seats
Votes
%
±pp
Total
+/−
People's Party (PP)
40,709
41.98
+6.28
2 +1
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
33,613
34.67
+1.42
1 ±0
Vox (Vox)
12,504
12.90
–1.52
0
–1
Unite (Sumar)1
5,877
6.06
–2.03
0
±0
Let's Go Palencia (VP)
1,917
1.98
New
0
±0
Empty Spain (España Vaciada)
384
0.40
New
0
±0
Alive Land Palencia Independent Group (GIPTV)
366
0.38
New
0
±0
Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)2
295
0.30
–0.31
0
±0
Workers' Front (FO)
139
0.14
New
0
±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J)
99
0.10
–0.12
0
±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE)
80
0.08
–0.03
0
±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)
71
0.07
New
0
±0
Zero Cuts (Recortes Cero)
42
0.04
–0.23
0
±0
Walking Together (CJ)
33
0.03
New
0
±0
Blank ballots
833
0.86
–0.20
Total
96,962
3
±0
Valid votes
96,962
98.86
+0.15
Invalid votes
1,117
1.14
–0.15
Votes cast / turnout
98,079
71.26
+2.60
Abstentions
39,563
28.74
–2.60
Registered voters
137,642
Sources[ 9]
November 2019 general election [ edit ]
Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia
Parties and alliances
Popular vote
Seats
Votes
%
±pp
Total
+/−
People's Party (PP)
34,195
35.70
+6.15
2 +1
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
31,847
33.25
+1.93
1 ±0
Vox (Vox)
13,816
14.42
+2.72
0
±0
United We Can (Podemos –IU )
7,746
8.09
–1.14
0
±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs)
5,937
6.20
–9.68
0
–1
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)
582
0.61
–0.14
0
±0
Zero Cuts –Green Group –PCAS –TC (Recortes Cero–GV–PCAS–TC)
256
0.27
+0.02
0
±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J)
209
0.22
+0.07
0
±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE)
106
0.11
–0.02
0
±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)
79
0.08
–0.01
0
±0
Blank ballots
1,015
1.06
+0.11
Total
95,788
3
±0
Valid votes
95,788
98.71
–0.01
Invalid votes
1,250
1.29
+0.01
Votes cast / turnout
97,038
68.66
–7.14
Abstentions
44,283
31.34
+7.14
Registered voters
141,321
Sources[ 10]
April 2019 general election [ edit ]
Summary of the 28 April 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia
Parties and alliances
Popular vote
Seats
Votes
%
±pp
Total
+/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
33,209
31.32
+6.72
1 ±0
People's Party (PP)
31,332
29.55
–16.13
1 –1
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs)
16,843
15.88
+3.53
1 +1
Vox (Vox)
12,407
11.70
New
0
±0
United We Can (Podemos –IU –Equo )
9,787
9.23
–5.75
0
±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)
799
0.75
–0.01
0
±0
Zero Cuts –Green Group –PCAS –TC (Recortes Cero–GV–PCAS–TC)
265
0.25
+0.05
0
±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J)
159
0.15
New
0
±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE)
133
0.13
New
0
±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)
99
0.09
–0.09
0
±0
Blank ballots
1,010
0.95
+0.12
Total
106,043
3
±0
Valid votes
106,043
98.72
–0.09
Invalid votes
1,373
1.28
+0.09
Votes cast / turnout
107,416
75.80
+4.97
Abstentions
34,298
24.20
–4.97
Registered voters
141,714
Sources[ 10]
2016 general election [ edit ]
Summary of the 26 June 2016 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia
Parties and alliances
Popular vote
Seats
Votes
%
±pp
Total
+/−
People's Party (PP)
45,965
45.68
+5.38
2 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
24,751
24.60
+0.05
1 ±0
United We Can (Podemos –IU –Equo )1
15,077
14.98
–2.96
0
±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's)
12,428
12.35
–1.80
0
±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)
761
0.76
+0.16
0
±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)
273
0.27
–0.52
0
±0
Zero Cuts –Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV)
202
0.20
+0.05
0
±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)
184
0.18
–0.03
0
±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE)
90
0.09
–0.03
0
±0
Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn)
57
0.06
–0.01
0
±0
Blank ballots
838
0.83
–0.12
Total
100,626
3
±0
Valid votes
100,626
98.81
+0.02
Invalid votes
1,212
1.19
–0.02
Votes cast / turnout
101,838
70.83
–2.53
Abstentions
41,931
29.17
+2.53
Registered voters
143,769
Sources[ 10]
2015 general election [ edit ]
Summary of the 20 December 2015 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia
Parties and alliances
Popular vote
Seats
Votes
%
±pp
Total
+/−
People's Party (PP)
42,182
40.30
–14.85
2 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
25,698
24.55
–6.73
1 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's)
14,814
14.15
New
0
±0
We Can (Podemos)
14,083
13.45
New
0
±0
United Left –Popular Unity in Common (IU–UPeC)
4,699
4.49
–1.38
0
±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)
828
0.79
–3.61
0
±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)
624
0.60
+0.27
0
±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)
218
0.21
–0.01
0
±0
Blank Seats (EB)
182
0.17
New
0
±0
Zero Cuts –Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV)
159
0.15
New
0
±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE)
126
0.12
New
0
±0
Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn)
72
0.07
–0.01
0
±0
Blank ballots
993
0.95
–0.72
Total
104,678
3
±0
Valid votes
104,678
98.79
+0.31
Invalid votes
1,277
1.21
–0.31
Votes cast / turnout
105,955
73.36
+0.15
Abstentions
38,472
26.64
–0.15
Registered voters
144,427
Sources[ 10]
2011 general election [ edit ]
Summary of the 20 November 2011 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia
Parties and alliances
Popular vote
Seats
Votes
%
±pp
Total
+/−
People's Party (PP)
58,759
55.15
+5.43
2 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
33,328
31.28
–12.31
1 ±0
United Left of Castile and León : Plural Left (IUCyL)
6,259
5.87
+3.27
0
±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)
4,686
4.40
+3.12
0
±0
Party of Castile and León (PCAL)1
565
0.53
+0.18
0
±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)
352
0.33
+0.18
0
±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J)
249
0.23
+0.12
0
±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)
234
0.22
+0.14
0
±0
Regionalist Unity of Castile and León (URCL)
174
0.16
New
0
±0
Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn)
89
0.08
New
0
±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE)
77
0.07
New
0
±0
Blank ballots
1,775
1.67
+0.45
Total
106,547
3
±0
Valid votes
106,547
98.48
–0.77
Invalid votes
1,644
1.52
+0.77
Votes cast / turnout
108,191
73.21
–5.96
Abstentions
39,592
26.79
+5.96
Registered voters
147,783
Sources[ 10]
2008 general election [ edit ]
Summary of the 9 March 2008 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia
Parties and alliances
Popular vote
Seats
Votes
%
±pp
Total
+/−
People's Party (PP)
58,649
49.72
–0.53
2 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
51,426
43.59
+0.51
1 ±0
United Left–Alternative (IU)
3,069
2.60
–0.24
0
±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)
1,510
1.28
New
0
±0
Commoners' Land (TC)
417
0.35
–0.32
0
±0
The Greens (LV)
338
0.29
New
0
±0
The Greens of Europe (LVdE)
183
0.16
New
0
±0
Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)
177
0.15
New
0
±0
Communist Party of the Castilian People (PCPC–PCPE)
132
0.11
+0.01
0
±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J)
132
0.11
New
0
±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)
100
0.08
+0.02
0
±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's)
80
0.07
New
0
±0
Engine and Sports Alternative (AMD)
74
0.06
New
0
±0
Humanist Party (PH)
67
0.06
–0.07
0
±0
National Democracy (DN)
56
0.05
±0.00
0
±0
Authentic Phalanx (FA)
37
0.03
±0.00
0
±0
Spanish Alternative (AES)
36
0.03
New
0
±0
Spanish Front (Frente)
24
0.02
New
0
±0
Centrist Party (PCTR)
17
0.01
New
0
±0
Blank ballots
1,440
1.22
–0.74
Total
117,964
3
±0
Valid votes
117,964
99.25
+0.06
Invalid votes
892
0.75
–0.06
Votes cast / turnout
118,856
79.17
–0.27
Abstentions
31,274
20.83
+0.27
Registered voters
150,130
Sources[ 10]
2004 general election [ edit ] 2000 general election [ edit ]
Summary of the 12 March 2000 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia
Parties and alliances
Popular vote
Seats
Votes
%
±pp
Total
+/−
People's Party (PP)
64,185
55.52
+4.23
2 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party –Progressives (PSOE–p)
41,368
35.78
–2.13
1 ±0
United Left (IU)
4,910
4.25
–3.69
0
±0
Commoners' Land–Castilian Nationalist Party (TC–PNC)
1,080
0.93
+0.67
0
±0
Regionalist Unity of Castile and León (URCL)
556
0.48
+0.06
0
±0
Natural Law Party (PLN)
257
0.22
New
0
±0
Centrist Union–Democratic and Social Centre (UC–CDS)
225
0.19
–0.21
0
±0
Cives (Cives)
206
0.18
New
0
±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE)
161
0.14
+0.02
0
±0
Humanist Party (PH)
113
0.10
–0.03
0
±0
Independent Spanish Phalanx–Phalanx 2000 (FEI–FE 2000)
100
0.09
New
0
±0
The Phalanx (FE)
78
0.07
New
0
±0
Spain 2000 Platform (ES2000)
64
0.06
New
0
±0
Spanish Democratic Party (PADE)
59
0.05
New
0
±0
Blank ballots
2,251
1.95
+0.58
Total
115,613
3
±0
Valid votes
115,613
99.17
–0.22
Invalid votes
963
0.83
+0.22
Votes cast / turnout
116,576
75.35
–5.63
Abstentions
38,142
24.65
+5.63
Registered voters
154,718
Sources[ 10]
1996 general election [ edit ] 1993 general election [ edit ]
Summary of the 6 June 1993 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia
Parties and alliances
Popular vote
Seats
Votes
%
±pp
Total
+/−
People's Party (PP)
57,744
47.62
+3.11
2 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
46,448
38.30
+1.66
1 ±0
United Left of Castile and León (IU)
7,761
6.40
+0.61
0
±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)
3,714
3.06
–5.54
0
±0
People's Palentine Group (APP)
1,410
1.16
New
0
±0
The Greens (LV)
826
0.68
–0.48
0
±0
Ruiz-Mateos Group (ARM)
550
0.45
New
0
±0
Regionalist Unity of Castile and León (URCL)
428
0.35
New
0
±0
The Ecologists (LE)
322
0.27
–0.41
0
±0
Commoners' Land–Castilian Nationalist Party (TC–PNC)
216
0.18
New
0
±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE)
147
0.12
–0.08
0
±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)
122
0.10
–0.10
0
±0
Natural Law Party (PLN)
94
0.08
New
0
±0
Castilianist Union (UC)
93
0.08
New
0
±0
Leonese People's Union (UPL)
52
0.04
New
0
±0
Humanist Party (PH)
51
0.04
–0.09
0
±0
Party of El Bierzo (PB)
35
0.03
New
0
±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE)
0
0.00
New
0
±0
Blank ballots
1,250
1.03
+0.11
Total
121,263
3
±0
Valid votes
121,263
99.37
+0.33
Invalid votes
771
0.63
–0.33
Votes cast / turnout
122,034
80.59
+4.05
Abstentions
29,389
19.41
–4.05
Registered voters
151,423
Sources[ 10]
1989 general election [ edit ]
Summary of the 29 October 1989 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia
Parties and alliances
Popular vote
Seats
Votes
%
±pp
Total
+/−
People's Party (PP)1
50,186
44.51
+4.85
2 +1
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
41,313
36.64
–3.59
1 –1
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)
9,696
8.60
–3.77
0
±0
United Left (IU)
6,533
5.79
+2.86
0
±0
The Greens–Green List (LV–LV)
1,307
1.16
New
0
±0
The Ecologist Greens (LVE)
768
0.68
New
0
±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST)
735
0.65
+0.28
0
±0
Workers' Party of Spain–Communist Unity (PTE–UC)2
398
0.35
–0.62
0
±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)
226
0.20
–0.26
0
±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE)
222
0.20
New
0
±0
Alliance for the Republic (AxR)3
182
0.16
–0.12
0
±0
Humanist Party (PH)
145
0.13
New
0
±0
Blank ballots
1,041
0.92
+0.18
Total
112,752
3
±0
Valid votes
112,752
99.04
+0.86
Invalid votes
1,088
0.96
–0.86
Votes cast / turnout
113,840
76.54
+0.49
Abstentions
34,891
23.46
–0.49
Registered voters
148,731
Sources[ 10]
1986 general election [ edit ]
Summary of the 22 June 1986 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia
Parties and alliances
Popular vote
Seats
Votes
%
±pp
Total
+/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
44,952
40.23
–2.71
2 ±0
People's Coalition (AP –PDP –PL )1
44,311
39.66
+0.86
1 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)
13,819
12.37
+8.47
0
±0
United Left (IU)2
3,271
2.93
+0.62
0
±0
Democratic Reformist Party (PRD)
1,634
1.46
New
0
±0
Communists' Unity Board (MUC)
1,081
0.97
New
0
±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)
519
0.46
New
0
±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST)
410
0.37
New
0
±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE)
364
0.33
+0.11
0
±0
Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI)
317
0.28
New
0
±0
Republican Popular Unity (UPR)
234
0.21
New
0
±0
Party of the Communists of Catalonia (PCC)
0
0.00
New
0
±0
Blank ballots
827
0.74
+0.15
Total
111,739
3
±0
Valid votes
111,739
98.18
+0.08
Invalid votes
2,077
1.82
–0.08
Votes cast / turnout
113,816
76.05
–7.79
Abstentions
35,841
23.95
+7.79
Registered voters
149,657
Sources[ 10]
1982 general election [ edit ]
Summary of the 28 October 1982 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia
Parties and alliances
Popular vote
Seats
Votes
%
±pp
Total
+/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
49,756
42.94
+16.87
2 +1
People's Alliance–People's Democratic Party (AP –PDP )1
44,965
38.80
+29.38
1 +1
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)
12,330
10.64
–40.79
0
–2
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)
4,516
3.90
New
0
±0
Communist Party of Spain (PCE)
2,679
2.31
–2.24
0
±0
New Force (FN)2
707
0.61
–3.16
0
±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE)
250
0.22
New
0
±0
Revolutionary Communist League (LCR)
0
0.00
New
0
±0
Communist Movement of Castile and León (MC–CL)
0
0.00
–0.30
0
±0
Blank ballots
678
0.59
–0.06
Total
115,881
3
±0
Valid votes
115,881
98.10
–0.33
Invalid votes
2,248
1.90
+0.33
Votes cast / turnout
118,129
83.84
+12.69
Abstentions
22,767
16.16
–12.69
Registered voters
140,896
Sources[ 10]
1979 general election [ edit ]
Summary of the 1 March 1979 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia
Parties and alliances
Popular vote
Seats
Votes
%
±pp
Total
+/−
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)
51,069
51.43
+0.91
2 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)1
25,888
26.07
–2.30
1 ±0
Democratic Coalition (CD)2
9,351
9.42
–4.92
0
±0
Communist Party of Spain (PCE)
4,517
4.55
+0.88
0
±0
National Union (UN)
3,746
3.77
New
0
±0
Party of Labour of Spain (PTE)3
1,033
1.04
+0.23
0
±0
Workers' Communist Party (PCT)
571
0.58
New
0
±0
Workers and Peasants Party (POC)
493
0.50
New
0
±0
Spanish Ruralist Party (PRE)
466
0.47
New
0
±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (Authentic) (FE–JONS(A))
367
0.37
New
0
±0
Workers' Revolutionary Organization (ORT)
325
0.33
New
0
±0
Communist Movement –Organization of Communist Left (MC–OIC)
302
0.30
New
0
±0
Communist Organization of Spain (Red Flag) (OCE–BR)
244
0.25
New
0
±0
Carlist Party (PC)
153
0.15
New
0
±0
Proverist Party (PPr)
117
0.12
New
0
±0
Blank ballots
648
0.65
+0.35
Total
99,290
3
±0
Valid votes
99,290
98.43
+0.08
Invalid votes
1,587
1.57
–0.08
Votes cast / turnout
100,877
71.15
–11.62
Abstentions
40,906
28.85
+11.62
Registered voters
141,783
Sources[ 10]
1977 general election [ edit ]
Summary of the 15 June 1977 Congress of Deputies election results in Palencia
Parties and alliances
Popular vote
Seats
Votes
%
±pp
Total
+/−
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)
51,568
50.52
n/a 2 n/a
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)
25,878
25.35
n/a
1 n/a
People's Alliance (AP)
14,638
14.34
n/a
0
n/a
Communist Party of Spain (PCE)
3,744
3.67
n/a
0
n/a
People's Socialist Party –Socialist Unity (PSP–US)
3,084
3.02
n/a
0
n/a
City and Country Independent Electoral Group (AEICC)
1,623
1.59
n/a
0
n/a
Democratic Left Front (FDI)
829
0.81
n/a
0
n/a
Group of Carlist Electors (ADC)
396
0.39
n/a
0
n/a
Blank ballots
310
0.30
n/a
Total
102,070
3
n/a
Valid votes
102,070
98.35
n/a
Invalid votes
1,708
1.65
n/a
Votes cast / turnout
103,778
82.77
n/a
Abstentions
21,607
17.23
n/a
Registered voters
125,385
Sources[ 10]
^ "Real Decreto 1037/2022, de 20 de diciembre, por el que se declaran oficiales las cifras de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal referidas al 1 de enero de 2022" (PDF) . Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish) (305): 178928–178933. 21 December 2022. ISSN 0212-033X .^ Ley 1/1977, de 4 de enero, para la Reforma Política (Law 1) (in Spanish). 4 January 1977. Retrieved 27 December 2016 .^ a b Constitución Española (in Spanish). 29 December 1978. Retrieved 27 December 2016 .^ Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote" . cafebabel.co.uk . Retrieved 17 July 2017 . ^ Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero" . Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022 . ^ a b Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales (Royal Decree-Law 20) (in Spanish). 18 March 1977. Retrieved 14 December 2019 .^ a b Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General (Organic Law 5) (in Spanish). 19 June 1985. Retrieved 30 January 2020 .^ Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems" . Trinity College, Dublin. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017 . ^ "Resolución de 30 de agosto de 2023, de la Presidencia de la Junta Electoral Central, por la que se publica el resumen de los resultados de las elecciones al Congreso de los Diputados y al Senado convocadas por Real Decreto 400/2023, de 29 de mayo, y celebradas el 23 de julio de 2023, conforme a las actas de escrutinio general y de proclamación de electos remitidas por las correspondientes Juntas Electorales Provinciales y por las Juntas Electorales de Ceuta y de Melilla" (PDF) . Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish) (209): 122201–122274. 1 September 2023. ISSN 0212-033X .^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Elecciones celebradas. Resultados electorales" . Ministry of the Interior . Retrieved 15 April 2022 .
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158,008 (2022)[1]