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No. 356 Squadron RAF

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No. 356 Squadron RAF
Active15 January 1944 – 15 November 1945
CountryUnited Kingdom United Kingdom
Branch Royal Air Force
Rolelong-range bomber
Part ofNo. 231 Group RAF, South East Asia Command[1]
Motto(s)We bring freedom and assistance[2][3]
Insignia
Squadron Badge heraldryA demi-tiger erased[2][3]
Aircraft flown
BomberConsolidated Liberator

No. 356 Squadron RAF was a short-lived long-range bomber squadron of the Royal Air Force between 1944 and 1945.

History

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The squadron was formed on 15 January 1944 at Salbani, Bengal, British India, as a long-range bomber unit equipped with the Consolidated Liberator.

No.356 Squadron included many personnel from the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) and Canadians serving in the RAF. The main reason for this was that the main Liberator conversion unit, under the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan, was in Canada, at RCAF Boundary Bay, in British Columbia.

Wing Commander Hugo Beall DSO, a Canadian serving in the RAF, was the first CO of 356 Squadron, when it started operations in 1943. Under Beall's leadership in the early raids this squadron developed techniques for low-level bombing of the dispersed and relatively small targets in Burma and Thailand. The squadron was later led by another Canadian, RCAF Wing Commander G. N. B. (Bryan) Sparks, DSO, who commanded it until 11 August 1945.

The squadron's first operations were meteorological flights, for training purposes, in June 1944. Its first bombing mission was on 27 July 1944. From then the squadron attacked Japanese bases in South East Asia and planted mines outside enemy harbours. On 15 June 1945 the squadron together with 159 Squadron destroyed the 10,000 ton Japanese tanker, Tohu Maru in the Gulf of Siam of Koh Samui Island.[4][5]

In July 1945 the squadron moved to the Cocos Islands to prepare for the invasion of Malaya.

On 23 August 1945, one of its aircraft, Serial Number KL654 flown by Flight Lieutenant John Watts, crashed at Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaya after parachuting Claude Fenner, later Inspector General of Malaysian Police into Malaya. The wreck was discovered in the 1950s and again in 1996 by local tribes-people. The bodies of the crew were retrieved and buried in Cheras War Cemetery, Kuala Lumpur in 2012.[6]

The end of the war came before the invasion was carried out and the squadron performed supply-dropping and transport duties until it was disbanded on 15 November 1945.

Aircraft operated

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356 Sqn. Liberators after bombing Ramree Island, in 1945.
Aircraft operated by No. 356 Squadron RAF, data from[2][3][7]
From To Aircraft Version
January 1944 November 1945 Consolidated Liberator Mk.VI

Squadron bases

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Bases and airfields used by No. 356 Squadron RAF, data from[2][3][7][8]
From To Base Remark
15 January 1944 22 July 1945 RAF Salbani, Bengal, British India
22 July 1945 15 November 1945 Cocos Islands, Straits Settlements

See also

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References

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Citations

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  1. ^ Delve 1994, pp. 77, 84.
  2. ^ a b c d Moyes 1976, p. 233.
  3. ^ a b c d Halley 1988, p. 385.
  4. ^ Tohu Maru tabular record of movement, retrieved 23 March 2018
  5. ^ The Wellington Bomber - Voices in Flight, Martin W Bowman, Pen and Sword, 2015, Page 146, ISBN 1473853680, 9781473853683
  6. ^ B-24 Snake, Goh K Loon, retrieved 23 March 2018
  7. ^ a b Jefford 2001, p. 90.
  8. ^ Jefford 2001, pp. 268–278.

Bibliography

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  • Delve, Ken (1994). The Source Book of the RAF. Shrewsbury, Shropshire, UK: Airlife Publishing. ISBN 1-85310-451-5.
  • Gwynne-Timothy, John R.W. (1991). Burma Liberators: RCAF in SEAC. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Next Level Press. ISBN 1-895578-02-7.
  • Halley, James J. (1988). The Squadrons of the Royal Air Force & Commonwealth, 1918–1988. Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd. ISBN 0-85130-164-9.
  • Jefford, C.G. (2001). RAF Squadrons, a Comprehensive record of the Movement and Equipment of all RAF Squadrons and their Antecedents since 1912 (2nd ed.). Shrewsbury, Shropshire, UK: Airlife Publishing Ltd. ISBN 1-85310-053-6.
  • Jones, Mike (2005). Signed with their Honour. 355/356 Squadrons' Association.
  • Moyes, Philip J.R. (1976). Bomber Squadrons of the RAF and their Aircraft. London: Macdonald and Jane's (Publishers) Ltd. ISBN 0-354-01027-1.
  • Oughton, James D.; Hamlin, John; Thomas, Andrew (2007). The Liberator in Royal Air Force and Commonwealth Service. Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd. ISBN 978-0-85130-362-8.
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