Na (Mongolic)

Na
Na
The Mongolian script
Mongolian vowels
Mongolian consonants
Foreign consonants
	Mongolian script multigraphs;
	v; t; e;

Na is a letter of related and vertically oriented alphabets used to write Mongolic and Tungusic languages.^[1]^{: 549–551}

Mongolian language

Letter^[2]^{: 17, 20–21}^[3]^: 546^[4]^{: 212–213}
n	Transliteration^{[note 1]}
ᠨ‍	Initial
‍ᠨ᠋‍^⟨?⟩ ⟨⟩	Medial (syllable-initial)
‍ᠨ‍^⟨?⟩ ⟨⟩	Medial (syllable-final)
‍ᠨ	Final

C-V syllables^[6]^: 8
n‑a, n‑e	na, ne	ni	no, nu	nö, nü	Transliteration
—	ᠨᠠ	ᠨᠢ ^{[note 2]}	ᠨᠣ᠋	ᠨᠥ᠋	Alone
	ᠨᠠ‍	ᠨᠢ‍	ᠨᠣ‍	ᠨᠥ‍	Initial
	‍ᠨᠠ‍	‍ᠨᠢ‍	‍ᠨᠣ‍		Medial
‍ᠨ᠎ᠠ^⟨?⟩ ⟨⟩	‍ᠨᠠ	‍ᠨᠢ	‍ᠨᠣ		Final

Separated suffixes^{[note 3]}
‑na, ‑ne	‑nu, ‑nü	Transliteration
ᠨᠠ‍	ᠨᠤ‍	Initial

Transcribes Chakhar /n/;^[10]^[11] Khalkha /n/, and /ŋ/.^[12]^: 40–42 Transliterated into Cyrillic with the letter н.^[6]^[5]
Distinction from other tooth-shaped letters by position in syllable sequence.^{[citation needed]}
Dotted before a vowel (attached or separated); undotted before a consonant (syllable-final) or a whitespace.^[2]^: 20^[3]^: 546^[13]^: 6^[10] Final dotted n is also found in modern Mongolian words.^[14]^: 37 A dotted pre-consonantal variant can be used to clarify the spelling of n in words of foreign origin.^[6]^: 47–49
Derived from Old Uyghur nun (𐽺).^[3]^{: 539–540, 545–546}^[15]^{: 111, 114}^[14]^: 35
Produced with N using the Windows Mongolian keyboard layout.^[16]
In the Mongolian Unicode block, n comes after ē and before ng.

Clear Script

Xibe language

Manchu language

Notes

^ Scholarly transliteration.^[5]
^ As in ᠨᠢ ni (нь ni), a modern form used in place of ᠠᠨᠤ anu 'their' and ᠢᠨᠤ inu 'his'.^[8]^{: 46–47, 412, 577}^[2]^: 139
^ Separated suffixes starting with the letter n include:  ᠨᠠᠷ ‑nar/‑ner or  ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ/ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ^⟨?⟩ ‑nuγud/‑nügüd (plural).^[9]

References

^ "The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 – Core Specification Chapter 13: South and Central Asia-II, Other Modern Scripts" (PDF). www.unicode.org. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
^ ^a ^b ^c Poppe, Nicholas (1974). Grammar of Written Mongolian. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-00684-2.
^ ^a ^b ^c Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William (1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-507993-7.
^ Bat-Ireedui, Jantsangiyn; Sanders, Alan J. K. (2015-08-14). Colloquial Mongolian: The Complete Course for Beginners. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-30598-9.
^ ^a ^b "Mongolian transliterations" (PDF). Institute of the Estonian Language. 2006-05-06.
^ ^a ^b ^c Skorodumova, L. G. (2000). Vvedenie v staropismenny mongolskiy yazyk Введение в старописьменный монгольский язык (PDF) (in Russian). Muravey-Gayd. ISBN 5-8463-0015-4.
^ "Mongolian Transliteration & Transcription". collab.its.virginia.edu. Retrieved 2023-03-26.
^ Lessing, Ferdinand (1960). Mongolian-English Dictionary (PDF). University of California Press. Note that this dictionary uses the transliterations c, ø, x, y, z, ai, and ei; instead of č, ö, q, ü, ǰ, ayi, and eyi;^: xii as well as problematically and incorrectly treats all rounded vowels (o/u/ö/ü) after the initial syllable as u or ü.^[7]
^ "PROPOSAL Encode Mongolian Suffix Connector (U+180F) To Replace Narrow Non-Breaking Space (U+202F)" (PDF). UTC Document Register for 2017. 2017-01-15.
^ ^a ^b "Mongolian Traditional Script". Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Mongolian Language Site. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
^ "Writing – Study Mongolian". Study Mongolian. August 2013. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
^ Svantesson, Jan-Olof; Tsendina, Anna; Karlsson, Anastasia; Franzen, Vivan (2005-02-10). The Phonology of Mongolian. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-151461-6.
^ "A Study of Traditional Mongolian Script Encodings and Rendering: Use of Unicode in OpenType fonts" (PDF). COLIPS – Chinese and Oriental Languages Information Processing Society. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
^ ^a ^b Janhunen, Juha (2006-01-27). The Mongolic Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-79690-7.
^ Clauson, Gerard (2005-11-04). Studies in Turkic and Mongolic Linguistics. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-43012-3.
^ jowilco. "Windows keyboard layouts - Globalization". Microsoft Docs. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

[6] Scholarly transliteration.^[5]

[10] As in ᠨᠢ ni (нь ni), a modern form used in place of ᠠᠨᠤ anu 'their' and ᠢᠨᠤ inu 'his'.^[8]^{: 46–47, 412, 577}^[2]^: 139

[12] Separated suffixes starting with the letter n include:  ᠨᠠᠷ ‑nar/‑ner or  ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ/ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ^⟨?⟩ ‑nuγud/‑nügüd (plural).^[9]

[1] "The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 – Core Specification Chapter 13: South and Central Asia-II, Other Modern Scripts" (PDF). www.unicode.org. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

[Poppe1974-2] Poppe, Nicholas (1974). Grammar of Written Mongolian. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-00684-2.

[Daniels1996-3] Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William (1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-507993-7.

[Sanders2015-4] Bat-Ireedui, Jantsangiyn; Sanders, Alan J. K. (2015-08-14). Colloquial Mongolian: The Complete Course for Beginners. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-30598-9.

[EKIMn2006-5] "Mongolian transliterations" (PDF). Institute of the Estonian Language. 2006-05-06.

[Skorodumova2000-7] Skorodumova, L. G. (2000). Vvedenie v staropismenny mongolskiy yazyk Введение в старописьменный монгольский язык (PDF) (in Russian). Muravey-Gayd. ISBN 5-8463-0015-4.

[8] "Mongolian Transliteration & Transcription". collab.its.virginia.edu. Retrieved 2023-03-26.

[Lessing1960-9] Lessing, Ferdinand (1960). Mongolian-English Dictionary (PDF). University of California Press. Note that this dictionary uses the transliterations c, ø, x, y, z, ai, and ei; instead of č, ö, q, ü, ǰ, ayi, and eyi;^: xii as well as problematically and incorrectly treats all rounded vowels (o/u/ö/ü) after the initial syllable as u or ü.^[7]

[11] "PROPOSAL Encode Mongolian Suffix Connector (U+180F) To Replace Narrow Non-Breaking Space (U+202F)" (PDF). UTC Document Register for 2017. 2017-01-15.

[CJVLang2013-13] "Mongolian Traditional Script". Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Mongolian Language Site. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

[StudyMn2013-14] "Writing – Study Mongolian". Study Mongolian. August 2013. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

[Svantesson2005-15] Svantesson, Jan-Olof; Tsendina, Anna; Karlsson, Anastasia; Franzen, Vivan (2005-02-10). The Phonology of Mongolian. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-151461-6.

[Biligsaikhan2011-16] "A Study of Traditional Mongolian Script Encodings and Rendering: Use of Unicode in OpenType fonts" (PDF). COLIPS – Chinese and Oriental Languages Information Processing Society. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

[Janhunen2006-17] Janhunen, Juha (2006-01-27). The Mongolic Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-79690-7.

[Clauson2005-18] Clauson, Gerard (2005-11-04). Studies in Turkic and Mongolic Linguistics. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-43012-3.

[19] wilco. "Windows keyboard layouts - Globalization". Microsoft Docs. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

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