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Mohanakalyani

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Mohanakalyani
ArohanamS R₂ G₃ P D₂ 
Avarohanam N₃ D₂ P M₂ G₃ R₂ S

Mohanakalyani is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is a janya rāgam (derived scale) from the 65th melakarta scale Mechakalyani. It is a janya scale, as it does not have all the seven swaras (musical notes) in the ascending scale. It is a combination of the pentatonic scale Mohanam and the Melakarta raga scale Kalyani.[1] This ragam can be considered as a Prati Madhyamam equivalent of Bilahari, the janya of 29th Melakartha Dheerashankarabharanam. The equivalent of Mohanakalyani in Hindustani music is Bhoop Kalyan or Shuddha Kalyan.[2] Bhoop Kalyan belongs to the Kalyan thaat of Hindustani music. Similar to Mohanakalyani, Bhoop Kalyan is a combination of Bhoop and Kalyan.[2] This rāgam is believed to be invented by Swati Tirunal Maharaja.

Structure and Lakshana

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Mohanakalyani is an asymmetric rāgam that does not contain madhyamam or nishādham in the ascending scale. It is an audava-sampurna rāgam (or owdava rāgam, meaning pentatonic ascending scale).[1][2] Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows:

The notes used in this scale are shadjam, chathusruthi rishabham, antara gandharam, panchamam and chathusruthi dhaivatham in ascending scale, with kakali nishadham and prati madhyamam included in descending scale. For the details of the notations and terms, see swaras in Carnatic music.

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A few compositions have been set to Mohanakalyani rāgam. Here are some popular kritis composed in Mohanakalyani.

Film Songs

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Language:Tamil

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Song Movie Composer Singer
Amudhum Thaenum Thai Pirandhal Vazhi Pirakkum K. V. Mahadevan Seerkazhi Govindarajan
Masila Unmai Kathale Alibabavum 40 Thirudargalum Susarla Dakshinamurthi A. M. Rajah, Bhanumathi
Chellakiligalam Paliyile Enga Mama M. S. Viswanathan T. M. Soundararajan
Pudhiya Vaanam Anbe Vaa
Ullangal Ondragi Punar Janmam T. Chalapathi Rao A. M. Rajah, P. Susheela
Chinna Chinna Kannile Then Nilavu A. M. Rajah
Thanimaiyile Inimai Aadi Perukku
Thullatha Manamum Kalyana Parisu Jikki
Thenmalli Poove Thyagam Illayaraja T. M. Soundararajan, S. Janaki
Kaalai Thendral Paadi Varum Uyarndha Ullam P. Susheela
Naan Sirithal Nayakan K. Jamuna Rani, M. S. Rajeswari
Pattu Thalaivan padinal Idaya Kovil S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki
Ohh Party Nalla Idhayam Malaysia Vasudevan
Muthal Mutham Puthir K.J. Yesudas, S. Janaki
Maragatha Veenai Maragatha Veenai
Paarijatha Poove En Rasavin Manasile S. N. Surendar, K.S. Chitra
Oru Kanam Oru Yugamaga Nadodi Thendral Illayaraja, S. Janaki
Ninaikkatha Neramillai Thangakkili Mano, S. Janaki
Vannila Thennila Kavithai Paadum Alaigal Mano, K.S. Chitra
Keladaa Manida Bharathi Rajkumar Bharathi
Vaanmathiye Aranmanai Kili S. Janaki
Panneeril Nanaintha Uyire Unakkaga Laxmikant–Pyarelal
Uyire Uyire Iniyavale Deva Hariharan, Swarnalatha
Kuku Kuku Kuyile Aagaya Pookal K.J. Yesudas
Kandupidi Avanai Kandupidi

(charanam in Ragam Vasanthi)

Unnudan S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Harini
Mudhan Mudhalaga Engal Anna Hariharan, Sadhana Sargam
Ethirveetu Jannal Oor Mariyadhai Malaysia Vasudevan, Krishnaraj
Chinna Veedu Chithra Thai Poranthachu Sabesh
Uyir Vazhgiren Vaikarai Pookkal Devendran S. P. Balasubrahmanyam(vers 1), K. S. Chithra(vers 2)

Songs in malayalam

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Song Movie Composer Singer
Kaalendee theeram thannil April 18 A. T. Ummer K. J. Yesudas, S Janakidevi
Maleeyam Thacholi Varghese Chekavar Sharreth K. S. Chitra
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This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

Scale similarities

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  • Mohanam has a symmetric pentatonic scale, with the notes same as the ascending scale of Mohanakalyani. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S R2 G3 P D2 S : S D2 P G3 R2 S
  • Bilahari is a rāgam which has the shuddha madhyamam in descending scale (descending scale of Shankarabharanam) in place of the prati madhyamam. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S R2 G3 P D2 S : S N3 D2 P M1 G3 R2 S

Notes

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  1. ^ Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: S R G P D 
    • Western: C D E G A C
  2. ^ Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani:  N D P  G R S
    • Western: C B A G F E D C

References

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  1. ^ a b Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
  2. ^ a b c Raganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras
  3. ^ "Adinaye Kanna". YouTube. Archived from the original on 5 December 2021.