Military ranks of Tajikistan
The Military ranks of Tajikistan are the military insignia used by the Armed Forces of the Republic of Tajikistan. Being a former member of Soviet Union, Tajikistan shares a rank structure similar to that of Russia. Tajikistan is a landlocked country, and does therefore not possess a navy.
Commissioned officer ranks
[edit]The rank insignia of commissioned officers.
| Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | |||||||||||||||||||||
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 Tajik Ground Forces[1] |
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| Генерали артиш Generali artish |
Генерал-полковник General-polkovnik |
Генерал-лейтенант General-leytenant |
Генерал-майор General-mayor |
Полковник Polkovnik |
Подполковник Podpolkovnik |
Майор Mayor |
Капитан Kapitan |
Лейтенанти калон Leytenanti kalon |
Лейтенант Leytenant |
Лейтенанти хурд Leytenanti xurd | ||||||||||||||
| Tajik Air Force[1] |
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| Генерал-полковник General-polkovnik |
Генерал-лейтенант General-leytenant |
Генерал-майор General-mayor |
Полковник Polkovnik |
Подполковник Podpolkovnik |
Майор Mayor |
Капитан Kapitan |
Лейтенанти калон Leytenanti kalon |
Лейтенант Leytenant |
Лейтенанти хурд Leytenanti xurd | |||||||||||||||
| Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other ranks
[edit]The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel.
| Rank group | Senior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Enlisted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Tajik Ground Forces[1] |
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| Прапоршики калон Praporshiki kalon |
Прапоршик Praporshik |
Старшина Starshyna |
Сержанти калон Serzhanti kalon |
Сержант Serzhant |
Сержанти хурд Serzhanti xurd |
Ефрейтор Efreytor |
Қаторӣ Qatorī | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tajik Air Force[1] |
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| Прапоршики калон Praporshiki kalon |
Прапоршик Praporshik |
Старшина Starshyna |
Сержанти калон Serzhanti kalon |
Сержант Serzhant |
Сержанти хурд Serzhanti xurd |
Ефрейтор Efreytor |
Қаторӣ Qatorī | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank group | Senior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Enlisted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name change
[edit]Guided by the principles of historicism, continuity, unification and standardization of military terminology between Persian-speaking states, the Committee on Language and Terminology, in 2018, invited the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Tajikistan to adopt the names of formations from the Iranian Armed Forces and restore the historical names of units as follows:[2]
Based on the fact that in the Persian-Tajik language military ranks traditionally come from the names of units and formations, the following military rank system for the Tajik Armed Forces was proposed:[2]
| Units | meaning and etymology | Ranks | meaning and etymology | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| English names |
Tajik names |
British Army | Proposed Tajik | ||
| Private | Sarbāz | lit. 'risking one's head'[4] (from sar "head" + bāz "to lose, to let go") | |||
| Lance corporal | Razmyōz | lit. 'inspiring to fight' < razm-yōz (from razm "combat" < *razma- "formation" < *raźman- "order of battle" + yōz < *i̯auź- : i̯uź- "stimulate; stir up; seeker"[5]) | |||
| Squad | Rada | radag is a Middle Persian term (from ratak- "line, rank, row" < Proto-Iranic *rata-ka- "row"[6]) denoting military units originally consisting of 10 men in the Parthian and Sasanian armies | Corporal | Razmāvar | lit. 'leading into battle' (from razm + -āvar : -var "to lead" < *bara- "leader" < √*bar- "to lead"[6]) |
| Sergeant | Razmdār | lit. 'holder of the battle formation' (from razm + dār < dār < *dār(a)- < Proto-Iranic *dārai̯a- "to hold"[6]) | |||
| Staff Sergeant | Razmārā | lit. 'who arrays troops; experienced in warfare;[4] adorning the battle-field, an accomplished warrior[5]' (from razm + ārāy- "to equip (army), to arrange; put in order" < *ā-rāda- < √*rād-[6]) | |||
| Sergeant First Class | Razmāzmā | lit. 'skilled or accomplished in warfare;[4] skilled in war, war-like[5]' (from razm + āzmāy "to measure, to test" < Middle Persian: uzmāy- < *uz-māya- < √*māy- [6]) | |||
| Warrant officer class 2 | Razmpardāz | lit. 'who prepares the soldiers for battle' (from razm + pardāz "to prepare, to arrange" < *para-tāča- < √*tak- "to run; to attack"[6]) | |||
| Warrant officer class 1 | Razmsāz | lit. 'intent on combat; putting in battle array'[5] (from razm + sāz < sāč- : sāxtan "to make, to prepare, to arrange" < *sāča- < √*sak- "to be ready, to be able"[6]) | |||
| Platoon | Tahm | taḥm is a Middle Persian term (from taḥmīh "force" < *taxma- < √*tak-[6]) denoting military units originally consisting of 50 — 100 men in the Parthian and Sasanian armies | Third lieutenant | Tahmāvar | lit. 'chief of a tahm; platoon commander' (from tahm + -āvar : -var[6]) |
| Second lieutenant | Tahmdār | taḥmdār is a Parthian term (from taḥm + dār lit. 'commander of a taḥm' in the Parthian army), which probable is a calque from the Ταγματάρχης which means "commander of a tagma"[7] | |||
| First lieutenant | Tahmārā | lit. 'who arrays or marshals troops; platoon commander' (from tahm + ārāy-[6]) | |||
| Company | Vašt | wašt is a Middle Persian term (from wast meaning one hundred) denoting military units originally consisting of 100 men in the Parthian and Sasanian armies | Captain | Sarvān | lit. 'chief;[5] captain[8]' (from sar "head, chief" + -vān < -bān < pāna- "keeper, guard" < *√pā- "to protect"[6]) |
| Battalion | Gordān | lit. 'battalion'[8] (plural of gord "hero" < gurd < Proto-Iranic vr̥ta- < √*vr̥t- : *vart- "to protect; to resist"[6]) | Major | Sargord | lit. 'major'[8] (from sar "head, chief" + gord "commander of a group of troops"[6]) |
| Lieutenant colonel | Sarhangyār | lit. 'deputy of the colonel' (from sarhang "colonel" + -yār "assistant, deputy") | |||
| Regiment | Hang | lit. 'regiment'[8] (from hang "strength, power" < *√θang- "to draw; to pull"[6]) | Colonel | Sarhang | lit. 'colonel'[8] (from sarhang < sar + hang "commander of the regiment"[6]) |
| Brigade | Gond | gund is a Parthian term (from *vr̥nda- "army, troop"[6])) denoting a major tactical military formation in the Parthian and Sasanian armies | Brigadier general | Gond-sālār | lit. 'general of brigade' gund-sālār is a Parthian term (from gund "army, troop" + sālār "general" < sarδār < *sara-dāra- "leader"[6]) denoting a commander of major tactical military formation in the Parthian and Sasanian armies |
| Division | Laškar | lit. 'division'[8] (from laškar < *raxša-kara- "guardian" < Proto-Iranic *raxš- + *kar- "guard"[6]) | Major general | Laškar-sālār | lit. 'divisional general' (from laškar "division" + sālār "general") |
| Corps | Sipāh | lit. 'corps'[8] (from spāh < spāda- < Proto-Iranic *spāda- «army»[6]) | Lieutenant general | Sipah-sālār | lit. 'army corps general' (from spāh-sālār "commander-in chief of an army"[8]) |
| Army | Arteš | lit. 'army'[8] (from artēštārīh "warriorhood" < artēštār "warrior" < raθaē-štar- "a charioteer"[6]) | General | Arteš-sālār | lit. 'army general' (from artēštārān-sālār "chief of the warriors"[9]) |
The proposed system of Tajik military ranks sent to the National Security Council of Tajikistan.[2]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d "ҚОНУНИ ҶУМҲУРИИ ТОҶИКИСТОН ДАР БОРАИ ЎҲДАДОРИИ УМУМИИ ҲАРБӢ ВА ХИЗМАТИ ҲАРБӢ". majmilli.tj (in Tajik). The National Assembly of the Republic of Tajikistan. 13 April 2017. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
- ^ a b c Nadirov, Bahmanyor (10 November 2018). "Умед Джайхани: В национальной армии и терминология должна быть максимально национальной" (in Russian). Retrieved 28 November 2019.
- ^ "Умед Ҷайҳонӣ: Агар раисҷумҳур тасмим гираду дастур диҳад, рутбаҳои низомӣ бечунучаро миллӣ мешаванд". Archived from the original on 2022-11-05. Retrieved 2022-08-02.
- ^ a b c Hayyim, Sulayman. New Persian-English dictionary, complete and modern, designed to give the English meanings of over 50,000 words, terms, idioms, and proverbs in the Persian language, as well as the transliteration of the words in English characters. Together with a sufficient treatment of all the grammatical features of the Persian Language. [Teheran, Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim, 1934-1936.
- ^ a b c d e Steingass, Francis Joseph. A Comprehensive Persian-English dictionary, including the Arabic words and phrases to be met with in Persian literature. London: Routledge & K. Paul, 1892.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Hasandūst, Muhammad. An Etymological Dictionary of Persian Language. Tehran: Academy of Persian Language and Literature, 1393. ISBN 978-600-6143-57-6.
- ^ Лившиц В. А. Парфянская ономастика. – СПб.: - Петербургское лингвистическое общество, 2010. – 400 с., ил. – (Азиатика). ISBN 978-5-4318-0006-1.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Алиев Г. Г. Персидско-русский и русско-персидский военный словарь. Москва: Воениздат, 1972.
- ^ "W. Sundermann. ARTĒŠTĀRĀN SĀLĀR, Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. II, Fasc. 6, p. 662". Archived from the original on 2020-11-18. Retrieved 2018-08-03.
External links
[edit]- "Tajikistan". uniforminsignia.org. The International Encyclopedia of Uniform Insignia. Retrieved 29 May 2022.