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Manorama (Tamil actress)

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Not to be confused with Manorama (Hindi actress).

Manorama
Manorama at Cinema Journalist Association Event
Born
Gopishantha

(1937-05-26)26 May 1937
Mannargudi, Madras Presidency, British India (present-day Tamil Nadu, India) Now Thirukannamagai, Thiruvarur District, Tamil Nadu, India
Died10 October 2015(2015-10-10) (aged 78)
Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Other namesAachi
Years active1958–2015
WorksFilmography
Spouse
S. M. Ramanathan
​
​
(m. 1954; div. 1956)​
Children1

Gopishantha (26 May 1937 – 10 October 2015), better known by her stage name Manorama, also called Aachi, was an Indian actress, comedian and playback singer who had appeared in more than 1000 films and 5000 stage performances predomninantely in the Tamil and also in Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, and Sinhala.[1][2] She was honoured with Kalaimamani award in 1995. In 2002, Government of India awarded Manorama the Padma Shri for her contribution to the arts. She is a recipient of one National Film Award, one Filmfare Award South and seven Tamil Nadu State Film Awards.[3][4]

Early life

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Manorama was born to Kasiyappan Kilakudaiyar and Ramamirtham in Mannargudi Thirukannamangai, a town in the erstwhile Thiruvarur district of Tamil Nadu in a Kallar family.[5][6] Her mother brought her up by taking up a job as a maid.[citation needed] She mentioned her indebtedness to her mother for her success: Many of the mother roles that she has played in films resemble her own mother. Her family moved to Pallathur near Karaikudi owing to poverty.[7] While in Pallathur, her mother had started vomiting out blood, hence Manorama decided to start working as a maid and dropped out of school at the age of 11. Once a drama troupe had come to Pallathur, but the actress who was to play a small part, suddenly dropped out due to her inability to sing and the troupe was looking for an artiste who could act and sing as well. The drama troupe decided to give her this role in the drama titled Andhaman Kadhali. Hence her acting career began at the age of twelve, acting in plays. During this time, she was rechristened Manorama by one of her dramas' director Thiruvengadam and harmonist Thiayagarajan. Manorama went and met S S Rajendran (SSR) when he camped at her native district with his drama troupe. She was selected for a role in his ManiMagudam drama written by Kalaignar M Karunanidhi.She continued to act in plays and performed as a playback singer as well. After watching her performance in plays, she was offered her first film, named Inbavazhvu, by Janakiraman, which remained 40% incomplete and later Kannadasan offered her lead role in a second film, Unmayinkottai, which got shelved after shooting for about 40%. She lost hope of becoming a film actor when both these films remained incomplete.

Manorama fell in love with her manager in the drama troupe; S. M. Ramanathan and married him in 1954; the couple have a son named Bhoopathy born in 1955. However, they divorced in 1956 and started to live separately in Chennai. She quoted in an interview in 2015, "My mom wanted me to study medicine. But it was not easy to become a doctor in those days, and I became an actress. So, if I hadn't taken up acting, I would have tried to become a doctor as my mom wished for it. But now, fortunately, my grandson is a doctor, and I am proud of it."[8]

Early career

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She acted in small roles in few Vairam Nataka Sabha dramas. Once she went to see a drama of S. S. Rajendran, who was residing at Pudukkotai, in Tamil Nadu, and P.A. Kumar introduced her to Rajendran. She showed her skill in dialogue delivery and was offered a job in S.S.R. Nataka Mandram company and played in hundreds of stage productions all over the district: The dramas included Manimagudam, Thenpandiveeran and Pudhuvellam. She credits her work in Manimagudam as where she was first recognized as an actress.[9] She then took part in an unfinished film starring S. S. Rajendran and Devika.

Career

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Main article: Manorama filmography

She migrated from dramas to the silver screen with the role of a heroine in the 1958 Tamil film Malayitta Mangai: Kannadasan gave her the lead role in this film.[10] The first film in which she played the heroine was the 1963 Konjum Kumari.[11] Then, she concentrated more on comedy from 1960. She was given equally challenging roles alongside the well known comedian Nagesh in 50 films.

When asked in an interview as to how she got into films, she quoted, "It's all because of Kannadasan. It was he who changed my life by casting me in the film Maalayitta Mangai in 1957. It was a comical role, and he trusted me so much and said that I will be able to pull it off. I was very doubtful about it, but he told me, "If you are going to act in films only as a heroine, people here will throw you out of the industry after three or four years, but doing such roles will take you places. And you have the talent, too, to reach higher peaks." That is when I got confidence and continued doing comedy roles."[8]

The first time Manorama stood before the camera was for a Sinhalese film Sukumali in 1957, in which she played the heroine's friend.[12] Her dance master Suryakala recommended her to the director Masthaan to play the role. She has acted predominantly in Tamil films since 1958, but also acted in Telugu, Hindi, Malayalam and Kannada movies as well. Her on-screen pair with Tangavelu was appreciated in the film Vallvanakku Vallavan in 1965. Her on-screen pair with Nagesh was very popular in 1960–69 and then with Cho in the 1970s and 80s and later with Thengai Srinivasan, Vennira Aadai Moorthy, and Surali Rajan in the 70s and 80s.[13] She had done playback singing for 300 songs, mostly pictured on herself, in Tamil films. The first song that she sang was in a film called Magale Un Samathu, composed by G. K. Venkatesh[14] and this opportunity she got due to the film's producer P.A. Kumar. She has sung a classical-based song with TM Sounderajan in the film Dharshinam (1970), where she was paired with Cho. Manorama sang a song with L.R. Eswari named "Thaatha thaatha pidi kudu". Her career's biggest hit song sung by herself was Vaa Vaathiyaare Uttaande composed by music director V. Kumar for the film ''Bommalattam", which was picturised on her and Cho. She also sang for M. S. Viswanathan and A. R. Rahman.

Some of her best Tamil films include Anbe Vaa, Thenmazhi, Ethir Neechal, Galatta Kalyanam, Chittukuruvi, Durga Devi, Annalakshmi and Imayam. In Telugu, she starred in films such as Rikshavodu, Krishnarjuna and Subhodayam.[15] When asked in an interview as to which are her memorable roles, she said "It is Nadigan, which had Sathyaraj and Khushbu in the lead. I cannot forget that role of Baby Amma in my life. Also my role in Chinna Gounder, for which I had to sport weird, artificial teeth, is something which I always think about.[8]

Manorama was paired with Nagesh regularly in films with M.G. Ramachandran in lead like En Kadamai, Kanni Thai, Thayin Madiyil, Kadhal Vaganam, Chandrodhyam, Anbee Vaa, Padagotti, Kadhal Vagahnam, Vivasaaye, Thaikku Thalaimagan, Vettikaran and Ther Thiruvizha. Other directors cast the Nagesh-Manorama pair in films like Anubhavi Raja Anubhavi, Kungumam, Saraswathi Sabadham, Panjavarnakilli, Navarathiri, Puthiya Paravai, Patthu Matha Bandham, Anbu Karangal, Micheal Madan Kamarajan, Annamitta Kai, Gowri Kalyanam, Anbe Aaruyire, Server Sundaram, Ner Vazhai, Ninaivin Nindraval, Poojaikku Vandamalar, Deiva Thirumagal, Rakta Thilagam, Aannavin Asai, Thiruvarutchelvar, Seetha and Karunthel Kannayiram. Manorama, actress Sachu and Jayalalithaa have acted together in 2 films as a combination — Galata Kalyanam and Bommalattam. Manorama and Jayalalithaa have acted in 25 films together.

Her work was noticed even among stalwarts like Sivaji Ganesan and Natiya Peroli Padmini. Manorama shared in an interview that initially she was nervous acting in front of veterans like T. S. Balaiah, but, the director A. P. Nagarajan made her understand that the scenes in which Jil Jil Ramamani appears, she would be the center of attention.[16] She acted alongside the well-known comedian Nagesh in 50 films and in 20 films with Cho Ramaswamy. They made a notable pair and acted in many well-received comedies. In 1974 she shared the screen space with the legendary comedian Mehmood in the Hindi movie Kunwara Baap. Cho and Manorama were paired together in 20 films which included Malligai Poo, Annaiyum Pidhavum, Dharisanam, Anbai Thedi, Nanaivin Nindraval, Nirai Kudam, Ayiram Poi, Mohammed Bin Tughlaq, Bommalattam, Delhi Mappilai, Vilayattu Pillai, Kanavan, Rojavin Raja and Suryagandhi.

The character she was given by K. Balachander in the 1989 film Unnal Mudiyum Thambi she personally considers a cornerstone as she was giving a new challenge as an actor. She related in an interview on Toronto TV that one of the most challenging characters she played was the role of the 50-year-old unmarried woman in the 1990 film Nadigan with Sathyaraj.[17] She has acted with all of the lead comedians across five different generations, which includes M. R. Radha, K. A. Thangavelu, J. P. Chandrababu, A. Karunanithi, Ennatha Kannaiya, V. K. Ramasamy, Nagesh, Cho Ramaswamy, Thengai Seenivasan, M. R. R. Vasu, Suruli Rajan, Vennira Aadai Moorthy, Janagaraj, Pandiarajan, Goundamani, Senthil, Vivek and Vadivelu.[18]

She has been in films with five chief ministers. She played the female lead in the plays written, directed and acted by C. N. Annadurai, former chief minister of Tamil Nadu. She has also appeared in plays with another chief minister of Tamil Nadu, M. Karunanidhi. She has acted in films with M. G. Ramachandran and J. Jayalalithaa, who both later became chief ministers of Tamil Nadu later. She has also acted in Telugu films with Dr. N. T. Rama Rao, who became the chief minister of Andhra Pradesh.[19] When asked which character of hers she found most hilarious to play, she specified the role of a talkative female, who is forced to act dumb in a film called Unakkum Vazhvu Varum. She had played this role along with Thengai Srinivasan.[20] She was bitten by a Bungarus fasciatus/ Kattuviriyan snake during the shooting of Manjal Kungumam and was admitted to hospital. Coincidentally, after recovery, the next scene, she had to act was in ''Aadi Viradham,'' where she had to bathe a snake statue and sing a lullaby for it, and the director asked her whether she would like to perform and she replied "Yes very much!" and she did the film.

Manorama, being a close friend of Jayalalithaa and of the firm belief that Jayalalithaa would never be corrupt, campaigned against actor Rajinikanth in support of Chief Minister Jayalalithaa in the 1996 elections.[18]

In one of her last interviews, in 2015, she was asked if she had any regrets about her life. To this, she answered: "I've no regrets at all. I'm blessed in this life. Even in my next birth, I want to be born as Manorama again. I want this same life, and same people around me. Most of all, I want my mom with me again."[8] In an interview to BBC in 2015, "If I had chosen to act only as a heroine then I would have disappeared from the scene long ago. So, I decided to take up comedienne roles, so I survived in the industry for nearly six decades".[21]

When asked as to how she was able to do more than 1500 films, she said in her interview in September 2015, "I believe I am a blessed person. Without God's will, I couldn't have acted in so many films. It all just happened in my life, and you won't believe it, but I still have the urge to act. The one person who is the reason for all my success is my mom. She did everything for me in life, and I miss her the most now (she breaks into tears). Whatever I achieve or have achieved in life is only because of her."[8]

She supported young talents and budding directors in her old age. In 2013 she acted in a Tamil short film named Thaaye Nee Kannurangu, directed by LGR Saravanan. She acted as a cancer patient and a mother of Mr. Srikanth.

Death

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Between 2013 and 2015, Manorama had suffered ill-health resulting in hospital stays.[22][23] She died in Chennai at 11.20 pm on 10 October 2015[24] as a result of multiple organ failure at the age of 78.[25]

Reactions

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Tamil Nadu reacted to Manorama's death with an outpouring of grief; numerous tributes were paid to the deceased actor across the state and on social media. Chief Minister Jayalalithaa laid a wreath on the body at the actor's home in T. Nagar, Ms. Jayalalithaa said, "There had been no accomplished achiever like Manorama in the Tamil film world and there would be none in the future as well."[26] Jayalalitha was quoted as saying, "I was shocked to hear about her death. She was an elder sister to me. I used to call her Manorama while she called me Ammu. We used to visit each other's houses whenever we didn't have shootings."[27] The chief minister also said, "If Sivaji Ganesan was Nadigar Thilagam, Manorama was Nadigai Thilagam." Others who paid homage to the actress include Rajinikanth, Kamal Haasan, Vijay, Vikram, Sivakumar, Dhanush, Ajith Kumar, M. Karunanidhi, K. Veeramani, G. K. Vasan, Delhi Ganesh, R. Sarathkumar, Ilayaraja, Vairamuthu, Karthik, S. Ve. Shekhar, Vijayakumar, Goundamani, K. Bhagyaraj, R. Parthiban, Radhika, Vimal, Silambarasan, Suriya, Karthi, Vikraman, S. Thanu, T. Rajender and Pandiarajan.[28]

Awards and honors

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Event Year Category Movie Outcome
National Film Awards 1989 Best Supporting Actress Pudhiya Padhai[3][29] Won
Filmfare Awards South 1995 Lifetime Achievement Award – South Won
2009 Best Supporting Actress – Telugu Arundhati Nominated
2010 Best Supporting Actress – Tamil Singam Nominated
Tamil Nadu State Film Awards 1968 Best Character Artiste (Female) Thillaanaa Mohanambal Won
1979 Special Prize Avan Aval Adhu Won
1981 Best Comedian Ethir Veetu Jannal Won
1982 Best Comedian Oru Vaarisu Uruvagiradhu Won
1983 Best Comedian – Female Paayum Puli Won
1990 Honorary Award – MGR Award Won
1992 Honorary Award – Jayalalitha Award Won
Tamil Nadu Cinema Kalaimandram Awards 2013 Favourite Film Star Won

Discography

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Manorama also holds a record of singing for all the notable music directors. She has rendered her voice for M. S. Viswanathan, Ilayaraja, A. R. Rahman and many other notable music composers.

Year Movie Song Composer Co-singers
1963 Ratha Thilagam Pogathey Pogathey En Kanava (parody) Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy
1964 Magale Un Samathu Thaatha Thaatha G. K. Venkatesh L. R. Eswari
1965 Kanni Thai Vazhai Vidhu Ilai K. V. Mahadevan Tharapuram Sundararajan
1967 Anubavam Pudhumai Enna Ninaithu M. S. Viswanathan
1967 Magaraasi Aalai Parthal Shankar–Ganesh T. M. Soundararajan, Tharapuram Sundararajan & P. Susheela
1968 Bommalattam Vaa Vathiyare Oottanda (Jambajaar Jakku) V. Kumar
1969 Aayiram Poi Kaveri Thanniyil Kulichavadi V. Kumar L. R. Eswari
Thamizh Vidu Thoodhu Tharapuram Sundararajan
1969 Dharisanam Pogadhe Aiyyaa Pogadhe Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi S. Rangarajan
1969 Poova Thalaiya Poda Chonnaal Pottukkiren M. S. Viswanathan T. M. Soundararajan & A. L. Raghavan
1969 Singapore Seeman Mollamaari Kepmaari Shankar–Ganesh
1970 Thirumalai Thenkumari Azhage Thamizhe Nee Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan Seerkazhi Govindarajan, Sarala, M. R. Vijaya, A. L. Raghavan, Tharapuram Sundararajan & L. R. Anjali
1971 Arunodhayam Yeamandi Neenga K.V. Mahadevan
1971 Justice Viswanathan Ada Epdithaan Vedha T. M. Soundararajan
1971 Kankatchi Kaadai Pidippom Kunnakkudi Vaidyanathan S. V. Ponnusamy
1971 Thanga Gopuram Dhimkita Dhimkita S. M. Subbaiah Naidu S. V. Ponnusamy
1971 Vidyarthikale Ithile Ithile Chinchilam Chiluchilam M. B. Sreenivasan Adoor Bhasi
1972 Kadhalikka Vanga Kadhal Endral Athu Then J. V. Raghavulu P. Susheela
1972 Karundhel Kannayiram Poontha Malliyile Shyam-Philips S. P. Balasubrahmanyam & Pattom Sadan
1972 Mr. Sampath Alangaaram Podhumadi M. S. Viswanathan T. M. Soundararajan
1972 Needhi Engaladhu Boomi M. S. Viswanathan T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela & J. P. Chandrababu
1973 Ganga Gowri Thimikitta Thimikkitta M. S. Viswanathan
1973 Kasi Yathirai Amaravathi Nenjame Shankar–Ganesh S. V. Ponnusamy
1973 Manjal Kungumam Raa Raa Naa Bhavaa Shankar–Ganesh S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
1973 Petha Manam Pithu Ammaadi Uzhaikkum Kaigal V. Kumar T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela & S. V. Ponnusamy
1973 Suryagandhi Theriyatho Nokku Theriyatho M. S. Viswanathan
1974 Ippadiyum Oru Penn Agapatta Varayil P. Bhanumathi P. Bhanumathi
1974 Pandhattam Un Raadhaiyai Shankar–Ganesh
1975 Hennu Samsarada Kannu Hosadenu Kaane Idaralli Vijaya Bhaskar
1975 Vaazhnthu Kaattugiren Yemmi Mynaa Summa Summa M. S. Viswanathan
1976 Unakkaga Naan Kaadu Vetta M. S. Viswanathan L. R. Eswari & S. C. Krishnan
1977 Chakravarthy Thatthalangudhu Thalathalakkudhu V. Kumar
Aarathi Yedungadi P. Susheela
1977 Sonnathai Seiven Adiye Kaali V. Kumar
1978 Achchani Athu Maathiram Ilaiyaraja Malaysia Vasudevan
1978 Paavathin Sambalam Raave Raave Shankar–Ganesh S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
1978 Unakkum Vaazhvu Varum Manjakayiru Thali Manja Kayiru V. Kumar
1978 Vaazha Ninaiththaal Vaazhalaam Kaanaan Kuruvikku Kalyanamam (Two versions) Ilayaraja
1979 Kuppathu Raja Kodikatti Parakkuthada M. S. Viswanathan T. M. Soundararajan, Malaysia Vasudevan & L. R. Eswari
1979 Pancha Boodham Azudha Pulla Sirikkanum Shankar–Ganesh
1979 Veettukku Veedu Vasappadi Patta Kashtam Rajan–Nagendra Suruli Rajan & S. Janaki
1980 Avan Aval Adhu Andha Naal Mudharkkondu M. S. Viswanathan L. R. Eswari
1980 Oru Marathu Paravaigal Mottu Malli Shankar–Ganesh T. K. Kala
1981 Savaal Kai Nalla Kaiyappa M. S. Viswanathan Malaysia Vasudevan & Kovai Soundarajan
1982 Amma Bodhaiyil Pongum Shankar–Ganesh Malaysia Vasudevan & L. R. Anjali
1982 Boom Boom Maadu Ungal Oottu Engaluke Ilaiyaraja
1982 Manal Kayiru Mappillai Sir M. S. Viswanathan Malaysia Vasudevan & Visu
1982 Thalaimagan Ada Naan Pettha Mavane Shankar–Ganesh Malaysia Vasudevan & S. P. Sailaja
1982 Simla Special Kuthura Kuthulla M. S. Viswanathan Malaysia Vasudevan
1983 Kai Varisai Vaadi Pulle Shankar–Ganesh Malaysia Vasudevan
1984 Madras Vathiyar Madras Vathiyar Shankar–Ganesh Sundararajan & Udhayamaran
1984 Rajathi Rojakili Athukkulle Yelelo Chandrabose Chandrabose
1985 Kutravaaligal Nalla Thambi Kottaiyelea Shankar–Ganesh
1985 Sri Raghavendrar Paarthale Theriyaatho Ilayaraja Vani Jairam
1986 Maragatha Veenai Chee Chee Ponga Ilaiyaraja Malaysia Vasudevan
1988 Paatti Sollai Thattathe Dillikku Rajanaalum Chandrabose
1988 Paadatha Thenikkal Aathi Antham Ilaiyaraaja Ilaiyaraaja, Krishnamoorthy, S. S. Chandran & P. Susheela
1989 Thaaya Thaarama Aai Aatthi Pudhu Shankar–Ganesh Vani Jairam
1989 Thangamana Purushan Thaaikulame Thaaikulame Shankar–Ganesh
1991 Aadi Viratham Vadakkile Irukkuddu Thiruppathi Shankar–Ganesh Ranjini
1992 Kaviya Thalaivan Sandhana Malargalai Aravind Siddhartha K. J. Yesudas & Swarnalatha
1992 Magudam Karpulla Kaalaiye Ilaiyaraja S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
1994 May Madham Madrasa Sutthi A. R. Rahman Shahul Hameed, Swarnalatha & G. V. Prakash Kumar
1995 Deva Kothagiri Kuppamma Deva Vijay & Swarnalatha
1995 Marumagan Maamaa Maamaa Enakku Masakkai Deva Mano & Malgudi Subha
1995 Murai Maman Anandham Anandham Vidyasagar P. Unni Krishnan & Sujatha
1995 Muthu Kaalai Vaazha Ilai.... Eredutthu Eredutthu Ilaiyaraaja S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
1996 Nattupura Pattu Nattupura Pattu Ilayaraja K. S. Chithra
1996 Parambarai Thanjaavooru Kaalaiyile Deva K. S. Chithra, Krishnaraj & Sundararajan
1997 Arunachalam Mathadu Mathadu Deva S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Sujatha & Meera Krishnan
1997 Vallal Puliyampatti Kosavampatti Deva
1998 Pooveli Kathai Solla Poren Bharadwaj Karthik & Sujatha
2000 Chinna Ramasamy Periya Ramasamy Vacha Payiru... Unnai Naan Ilaiyaraja S. P. Balasubrahmanyam & K. S. Chithra
2000 Thirunelveli Ini Naalum Thirunaal Ilaiyaraaja Arunmozhi, Swarnalatha, Ilaiyaraaja & S. N. Surendar
2003 Anbe Anbe Rettai Jadai Rakkamma Bharadwaj T. L. Maharajan, Manikka Vinayagam, Swarnalatha & Srinivas
2006 Pasa Kiligal Thangeiyenum Vidhyasagar Tippu, Karthik & Sujatha
2015 Perandi

References

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  1. ^ "Actor 'Aachi' Manorama dies at 78". The Times of India. 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
  2. ^ "The endearing 'aachi'". The Hindu. 7 July 2003. Archived from the original on 30 December 2003. Retrieved 26 May 2010.
  3. ^ a b Aravind, C. V. (17 February 2002). "Class performer". Deccan Herald. Archived from the original on 22 March 2012. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  4. ^ The Hindu : Metro Plus Madurai : There ain’t any stopping her
  5. ^ "வாழ்க்கையில் எதிர்நீச்சல் போட்ட மனோரமா: 1,300 படங்களில் நடித்து 'கின்னஸ்' சாதனை". Maalai Malar. Archived from the original on 20 October 2014. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  6. ^ "5 Things to know about Tamil legend 'Aachi' Manorama — MotivateMe.in". MotivateMe.in. Archived from the original on 11 July 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2015.
  7. ^ "There's no stopping her". The Hindu. 2 February 2009. Archived from the original on 18 January 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  8. ^ a b c d e "It's only because of Kalai Thaai that I'm still alive: Manorama". The Times of India. 24 September 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  9. ^ "நடிகை மனோரமா காதல் திருமணம் தோல்வியில் முடிந்தது || actress manorama cinema history". cinema.maalaimalar.com. Archived from the original on 20 October 2014. Retrieved 20 July 2014.
  10. ^ "கண்ணதாசன் தயாரித்த 'மாலையிட்ட மங்கையில் மனோரமா அறிமுகம்; Manorama introduced Kannadhasan produced film malaiyitta mangai". cinema.maalaimalar.com. Archived from the original on 20 October 2014. Retrieved 20 July 2014.
  11. ^ "Manorama's first film as heroine". 19 October 2008. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021 – via YouTube.
  12. ^ "Guinness World Record holder for South Indian actress Manorama first starred in the Sinhala film, Sukumali". suratha. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
  13. ^ "Legendary Tamil actress Manorama no more". Business Standard. 11 October 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  14. ^ "All you need to know about legendary Tamil actress Manorama". Daily News and Analysis. 11 October 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  15. ^ "Veteran Tamil actress Manorama dies at 78". The Economic Times. 11 October 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  16. ^ "'கொஞ்சும் குமரி'யில் கதாநாயகியாக நடித்தார், மனோரமா". Maalai Malar. Archived from the original on 10 October 2014. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  17. ^ K. R., Manigandan (12 October 2015). "Lesser Known Side of a Comical Genius". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 24 November 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  18. ^ a b "Six decades of Manorama". The Hindu. 11 October 2015. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 13 October 2015.
  19. ^ "Legendary Tamil actress Manorama passes away: 13 interesting facts about Aachi to help you know her better". CatchNews.com. Retrieved 13 October 2015.
  20. ^ "The Best Films of Manorama". Rediff. Retrieved 13 October 2015.
  21. ^ "South Indian actress Manorama dies — BBC News". BBC News. 11 October 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  22. ^ "Actor Manorama discharged from hospital". The Hindu. 9 April 2014.
  23. ^ "Manorama clarifies death rumours, says 'I'm hale and hearty'". The Indian Express. 18 February 2015.
  24. ^ "Legendary Tamil actress Manorama no more". Press Trust of India. 11 October 2015. Archived from the original on 18 October 2015.
  25. ^ "Manorama, who matched protagonists of her day, passes away". The Hindu. 11 October 2015.
  26. ^ Tamil Nadu Chief Minister J. Jayalalitha paying homage to actor Manorama at her residence
  27. ^ "Manorama called me Ammu, Jayalalithaa says — The Times of India". The Times of India. 11 October 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  28. ^ "Legendary Tamil actress Manorama dies at 78". Yahoo News India. Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  29. ^ Kavitha, S.S. (31 January 2009). "There ain't any stopping her". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 10 November 2012. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
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