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List of tallest buildings by country

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The following is a list of the tallest buildings in the world by country, listing only the tallest building in each country. The list includes only completed or topped out buildings. 25 countries have supertall skyscrapers (above 300 m (980 ft)) and 4 countries have megatall skyscrapers (above 600 m (1,969 ft)). Many countries constructed their tallest buildings in the 2010s, with the oldest tallest building being Caracol in Belize, which has stood as the country's tallest building since 1200 BC.

Completed or topped out

[edit]

The list includes the tallest completed or topped out buildings in each country in the world. Heights are measured to the architectural top, with antennae being excluded.

  Tallest building in the continent
Country/territory Building Location Height Floors Built Photo Notes
 Afghanistan Kabul Markaz Residential Tower 1[1] Kabul 101.2 m (332 ft) 28 2020 (topped out, currently on hold)
 Albania Downtown One[2] Tirana 150 m (492 ft) 40 2020 (topped out, expected to be completed in 2024) This building is expected to be completed in 2024.[3]
 Algeria Djamaâ El Djazaïr[4][5][6] Algiers 264.3 m (867 ft) 36 2019 Tallest minaret in the world.
 Andorra Caldea[7] Escaldes–Engordany 80 m (262 ft) 18 1994
 Angola IMOB Business Tower[8][9] Luanda 145 m (476 ft) 35 2018
 Antigua and Barbuda St. John's Cathedral St. John's 21 m (69 ft) 1845
 Argentina Alvear Tower[10][11][12] Buenos Aires 235.2 m (772 ft) 55 2018
 Armenia Elite Plaza Business Center Yerevan 85 m (279 ft) 19 2012
 Australia Q1[13][14][15] Gold Coast 322.5 m (1,058 ft) 78 2005 Second tallest building in the Southern Hemisphere.
 Austria DC Tower 1[16][17][18] Vienna 220 m (722 ft) 58 2013
 Azerbaijan Baku Tower[19][20][21] Baku 276.3 m (906 ft) 49 2020
 Bahamas Atlantis Royal Tower East Paradise Island 93 m (305 ft) 23 1998
 Bahrain Four Seasons Hotel[22][23][24] Manama 269.7 m (885 ft) 50 2015
 Bangladesh BRB VCV Tower[citation needed] Kushtia 200 m (656 ft)[citation needed] 40[citation needed] 2021
 Barbados Central Bank of Barbados[25] Bridgetown 50 m (164 ft) 11 1985
 Belarus The Lazurit[26] Minsk 138 m (453 ft) 36 2019
 Belgium Tour du Midi[27][28][29] Brussels 148 m (486 ft) 38 1996
 Belize Caana[30] Caracol 43 m (141 ft) ca. 9th century CE
 Benin BCEAO building[31] Cotonou 64 m (210 ft) 16 1994
 Bermuda Gibbs Hill Lighthouse Southampton Parish 36 m (118 ft) 1846
 Bhutan Sangye Migyur Ling Lhakhang[32] Ramitey 55 m (180 ft)[specify] 10 2019
 Bolivia Green Tower[33][34] La Paz 163.4 m (536 ft) 40 2022
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Avaz Twist Tower[35][36][37] Sarajevo 142 m (466 ft) 39 2008
 Botswana iTowers[38] Gaborone 105 m (344 ft) 30 2016
 Brazil Yachthouse Residence Club[39] Balneário Camboriú 294.1 m (965 ft) 80 2023
 Brunei Ministry of Finance Building[40][41][42] Bandar Seri Begawan 120 m (394 ft) 21 2001
 Bulgaria Sky Fort[43] Sofia 202.2 m (663 ft) 47 2023 (topped out)
 Burkina Faso National Monument of Heroes Ouagadougou 78 m (256 ft) 6 2009
 Burundi Le Panoramique Hotel[citation needed] Bujumbura 32 m (105 ft) 9 2015
 Cambodia The Peak Shangri-La[44][45] Phnom Penh 228.4 m (749 ft) 55 2022
 Cameroon Prime Ministry Building[46] Yaoundé 90 m (295 ft) 19 1987
 Canada First Canadian Place[47][48][49] Toronto 298.1 m (978 ft) 72 1975
 Cape Verde Edificio Verde Cara Mindelo 46.6 m (153 ft) 13 2014
 Cayman Islands 60 Nexus Way[50] Camana Bay 47.2 m (155 ft) 10 2023
 Central African Republic Ouday Skaiky Tower[51][better source needed] Bangui 44 m (144 ft) 14 2016
 Chad ONRTV Tower[52] N'djamena 70 m (230 ft) 11 2015
 Chile Gran Torre Costanera[53][54][55] Santiago 300 m (984 ft) 62 2013 Tallest building in South America.
 China Shanghai Tower[56][57][58] Shanghai 632 m (2,073 ft) 128 2015 Tallest twisted building in the world.
 Colombia BD Bacatá Torre Sur[59][60][61] Bogotá 216 m (709 ft) 66 2018
 Comoros Badjanani Mosque[62] Moroni 36 m (118 ft) 1427
 Congo Tours Mpila[63][64] Brazzaville 135.8 m (446 ft) 31 2023
 Congo DR RTNC Congo Building[65] Kinshasa 88 m (289 ft) 22 1980s
 Costa Rica Leumi Business Center [es][66] San José 141 m (463 ft) 38 2021
 Croatia Dalmatia Tower[67][68] Split 110 m (361 ft) 28 2022
 Cuba La Torre López-Callejas[69] Havana 154 m (505 ft) 42 2023 (topped out)
 Curaçao Plaza Hotel Curaçao Willemstad 50 m (164 ft) 14 1957
 Cyprus One Limassol[70] Limassol 170 m (558 ft) 37 2022
 Czech Republic AZ Tower[71][72][73] Brno 111 m (364 ft) 30 2013
 Denmark Lighthouse 2.0[74] Aarhus 142.6 m (468 ft) 44 2022
 Djibouti Mezz Tower Djibouti City 51 m (167 ft) 16 2017
 Dominica Financial Center Roseau 26 m (85 ft) 7 2003
 Dominican Republic Anacaona 27 Tower[75][76][77] Santo Domingo 161 m (528 ft) 41 2017
 East Timor DFBC Tower 1[78][dead link‍] Dili 57.4 m (188 ft) 16 2021 (topped out, currently on hold)
 Ecuador Torre The Point[79][80][81] Guayaquil 136.6 m (448 ft) 36 2013
 Egypt Iconic Tower New Administrative Capital 393.8 m (1,292 ft) 77 2024 Tallest building in Africa.
 El Salvador Torre Millenium[82] San Salvador 125 m (410 ft) 25 2022
 Equatorial Guinea Gepetrol Building[83] Malabo 58 m (190 ft) 14 2009
 Eritrea NICE Building[84] Asmara 39 m (128 ft) 11 2013
 Estonia St. Olaf's Church[85][86][87] Tallinn 123.7 m (406 ft) 1519 Tallest building in the world between 1549 and 1625.
 Eswatini Mona Residence[88] Mbabane 39 m (128 ft) 11 2007
 Ethiopia Commercial Bank of Ethiopia Headquarters[89][90] Addis Ababa 209.3 m (687 ft) 46 2022 Tallest building in East Africa.
 Fiji WG Friendship Plaza Suva[91] Suva 112 m (367 ft) 28 2021 (topped out, expected to be completed by early 2024)[92]
 Finland Majakka[93] Helsinki 131.7 m (432 ft) 35 2019
 France Tour First[94] Courbevoie[a] 231 m (758 ft) 56 2011
 Gabon Banque des États de l'Afrique Centrale[95] Libreville 70 m (230 ft) 15 2009
 Gambia, The Petroleum House Serrekunda 42.7 m (140 ft) 9 2016
 Georgia Batumi Technological University Tower[96][97][98] Batumi 200 m (656 ft) 35 2012
 Germany Commerzbank Tower[99][100][101] Frankfurt 259 m (850 ft) 56 1997 Tallest building in the European Union from 1997 to 2012 and from 2020 to 2021.
 Ghana Alto Accra 92 m (302 ft) 26 2015
 Greece Athens Tower 1[102][103][104] Athens 103 m (338 ft) 28 1971
 Grenada Waldorf Apartments St. George's 23 m (75 ft) 7 2022
 Guatemala Torre Premier Club[105][106][107] Guatemala City 101 m (331 ft) 31 1999
 Guinea Kakimbo Towers Conakry 100 m (328 ft) 28 2018
 Guinea-Bissau Bissau Cathedral[108][109][better source needed] Bissau 52 m (171 ft) 1950
 Guyana New Pegasus Hotel[110] Georgetown 39.5 m (129.5 ft) 11 2021
 Haiti Digicel Turgeau[111] Port-au-Prince 49 m (161 ft) 13 2008
 Honduras Torres Igvanas Tara Eco City[citation needed] San Pedro Sula 122 m (400 ft) 35 2019
 Hong Kong International Commerce Centre (ICC)[112] Kowloon 484 m (1,588 ft) 108 2010
 Hungary MOL Campus[113][114] Budapest 143 m (469 ft) 28 2022
 Iceland Smáratorg Office Tower[115] Kópavogur 77.6 m (255 ft) 20 2008
 India Palais Royale, Mumbai Mumbai 320 m (1,050 ft) 88 2018 (topped out, expected to be completed by December 30, 2024)
 Indonesia Autograph Tower[116] Jakarta 382.9 m (1,256 ft) 75 2022 Tallest building in the Southern Hemisphere.
 Iran Tehran International Tower[117] Tehran 162 m (531 ft) 54 2007
 Iraq E1 Tower Erbil 180 m (591 ft) 48 2023
 Ireland St Colman's Cathedral, Cobh[118] Cobh 95.3 m (313 ft) 1919
 Israel Azrieli Sarona Tower[119][120][121] Tel Aviv 238.4 m (782 ft) 68 2018
 Italy Unicredit Tower[122][123][124] Milan 217.7 m (714 ft) 35 2012
 Ivory Coast Basilica of Our Lady of Peace[125][126][127] Yamoussoukro 158 m (518 ft) 1990
 Jamaica Jamaica Pegasus Hotel[128] Kingston 60 m (197 ft) 17 1973
 Japan Azabudai Hills Mori JP Tower[129][130][131] Tokyo 325.2 m (1,067 ft) 64 2023
 Jordan Amman Rotana Hotel[132][133][134] Amman 188 m (617 ft) 50 2016
 Kazakhstan Abu Dhabi Plaza[135][136][137] Astana 310.8 m (1,020 ft) 75 2022 Tallest building in Central Asia.
 Kenya Britam Tower[138][139][140][141] Nairobi 200.1 m (656 ft) 31 2017
 Kiribati Kiribati Parliament Building[142][143] Tarawa 15.5 m (51 ft) 1 2000
 Kosovo Pristina City Center Pristina 125 m (410 ft) 32 2021 (topped out)
 Kuwait Al Hamra Tower[144][145][146] Kuwait City 412.6 m (1,354 ft) 80 2011
 Kyrgyzstan Bishkek Park[citation needed] Bishkek 75 m (246 ft) 21 2015
 Laos Latsavong Plaza[147] Vientiane 138 m (453 ft) 32 2023
 Latvia Zunda Towers[148][149][150] Riga 123 m (404 ft) 30 2017
 Lebanon Sama Beirut[151][152][153] Beirut 195.2 m (640 ft) 52 2016
 Lesotho Standard Lesotho Bank Building[citation needed] Maseru 39 m (128 ft) 11 1980?
 Liberia Central Bank of Liberia[citation needed] Monrovia 39 m (128 ft) 11 2015
 Libya Burj Bulaya Office Tower 1[154] Tripoli 144 m (472 ft) 34 2007
 Liechtenstein Schwefelstrasse 25 Vaduz 39 m (128 ft) 11 2003
 Lithuania Europa Tower[155][156][157] Vilnius 129 m (423 ft) 33 2004 Tallest building in Baltic states.
 Luxembourg Palais de la Cour de Justice, Tower C[158] Luxembourg 118 m (387 ft) 31 2019
 Macau Grand Lisboa Sé 258 m (846 ft) 48 2008
 Madagascar Orange Telecommunication Tower[159][160] Antananarivo 125 m (410 ft) 33 2013
 Malawi President Walmont Hotel[citation needed] Lilongwe 43 m (141 ft) 12 2012
 Malaysia Merdeka 118[161][162] Kuala Lumpur 678.9 m (2,227 ft) 118 2023 Tallest building in ASEAN, and the second tallest building in the world.
 Maldives Dharumavantha Hospital[163] Malé 100 m (328 ft) 25 2018
 Mali BCEAO Tower[164][165][166] Bamako 80 m (262 ft) 20 1999
 Malta Mercury Tower St. Julian's 112 m (367 ft) 31 2022
 Marshall Islands Republic of the Marshall Islands Capitol Building Majuro 15 m (49 ft) 4 1993
 Mauritania Immeuble SNIM[citation needed] Nouakchott 54 m (177 ft) 15 2018
 Mauritius Bank of Mauritius Building[167][168][169] Port Louis 124 m (407 ft) 22 2006
 Mexico T.Op Torre 1[170] Monterrey 305.3 m (1,002 ft) 64 2020 Tallest building in Latin America.
 Micronesia Level 5 Hotel Weno 15 m (49 ft) 5 2014
 Moldova Romashka Tower[171] Chișinău 77 m (253 ft) 20 1986
 Monaco Tour Odéon[172][173][174] Monaco 170 m (558 ft) 49 2015
 Mongolia Shangri-La Wind Valley Wing Hotel[175][176] Ulaanbaatar 120 m (394 ft) 34 2016
 Montenegro Bulevar Mitra Bakića[177] Podgorica 51.2 m (168 ft) 18 2000
 Morocco Mohammed VI Tower Salé 250 m (820 ft) 55 2023
 Mozambique Banco de Moçambique Tower 1[178][179][180] Maputo 130 m (427 ft) 31 2016
 Myanmar Diamond Inya Palace[181] Yangon 122 m (400 ft) 34 2019
 Namibia Old Mutual Namibia Headquarters[182][183][184] Windhoek 100 m (328 ft) 21 2010
 Nauru OD-N-Aiwo Hotel Aiwo District 17 m (56 ft) 4 1973?
   Nepal Skywalk View Tower[185] Kathmandu 78.5 m (258 ft) 18 2023
 Netherlands De Zalmhaven[186][187][188] Rotterdam 215 m (705 ft) 58 2022
 New Zealand PwC Tower at Commercial Bay[189] Auckland 180 m (590 ft) 41 2020 Tallest building in Polynesia.
 Nicaragua Banco de America[190] Managua 61 m (200 ft) 17 1970
 Niger Ministère des Finances[citation needed] Niamey 75 m (246 ft) 16 2020
 Nigeria NECOM House[191][192][193] Lagos 160.3 m (526 ft) 32 1979
 North Korea Ryugyong Hotel[194][195][196] Pyongyang 330 m (1,083 ft) 105 2011 (never completed)
 North Macedonia Cevahir Towers[197] Skopje 130 m (427 ft) 41 2018
 Norway Radisson Blu Plaza Hotel[198][199][200] Oslo 117 m (384 ft) 37 1990
 Oman Sheraton Oman Hotel Muscat 53 m (174 ft) 16 1985
 Pakistan Bahria Icon Tower[201][202] Karachi 273 m (896 ft) 62 2023
 Palau Palasia Hotel Koror 25 m (82 ft) 7 1998
 Palestine Palestine Trade Tower[citation needed] Ramallah 76 m (249 ft) 20 2012
 Panama JW Marriott Panama[203][204][205] Panama City 284 m (932 ft) 70 2011
 Papua New Guinea Noble Center[206] Port Moresby 100 m (328 ft) 23 2019 (uninhabitable)[207] Tallest building in Melanesia
 Paraguay Icono Tower[208][209][210] Asunción 142 m (466 ft) 37 2014
 Peru Torre Banco de la Nación[211][212][213] Lima 140.1 m (460 ft) 30 2015
 Philippines Grand Hyatt Manila[214][215][216] Taguig 318 m (1,043 ft) 66 2018
 Poland Varso Tower Warsaw 310 m (1,017 ft) 53 2022 Tallest building in the European Union
 Portugal Torre Vasco da Gama[217][218] Lisbon 145 m (476 ft) 21 1998
 Qatar Lusail Plaza Tower 3 & 4[219] Lusail 300.7 m (988 ft) 66 2023
 Romania Floreasca City Sky Tower[220][221][222] Bucharest 137 m (449 ft) 37 2012
 Russia Lakhta Center[223][224][225] Saint Petersburg 462 m (1,516 ft) 87 2018 Tallest building in Europe
 Rwanda Kigali City Tower[182][183][184] Kigali 90 m (295 ft) 20 2013
 Saint Kitts and Nevis St. George's Anglican Church[226] Basseterre 26 m (85 ft) 1859
 Saint Lucia National Insurance Building[227] Castries 25 m (82 ft) 7 1992
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines St. George's Anglican Cathedral[228] Kingstown 43 m (141 ft) 1945 Or Before
 Samoa Samoan Government Building[citation needed] Apia 34 m (112 ft) 8 1994
 San Marino World Trade Center[229][230] Serravalle 39 m (128 ft) 11 2004
 São Tomé and Príncipe Monte Palácio São Tomé 21 m (69 ft) 7 1993?
 Saudi Arabia Abraj Al Bait[231][232][233] Mecca 601 m (1,972 ft) 120 2012 Tallest clock building in the world
 Senegal Immeuble Kébé[234] Dakar 76.2 m (250 ft) 21 1973
 Serbia Belgrade Tower[235][236] Belgrade 168 m (551 ft) 42 2023
 Seychelles Le Chantier Mall Victoria 30 m (98 ft) 7 2013
 Sierra Leone Sam Bangura Building[citation needed] Freetown 64 m (210 ft) 16 1971?
 Singapore Guoco Tower[237][238][239] Singapore 283.7 m (931 ft) 65 2016
 Slovakia Eurovea Tower[240] Bratislava 168 m (551 ft) 46 2023
 Slovenia Crystal Palace (Ljubljana) Ljubljana 89 m (292 ft) 20 2011
 Solomon Islands Anthony Saru Building[241] Honiara 21 m (69 ft) 7 2009
 Somalia Lido Beach Hotel[242] Mogadishu 47 m (154 ft) 13 2020
 South Africa The Leonardo[243][244] Sandton 234 m (768 ft) 56 2019 Tallest building in Africa from 2019 to 2022
 South Korea Lotte World Tower[245][246][247] Seoul 554.5 m (1,819 ft) 123 2017 Tallest building in the OECD.
 South Sudan Equatoria Tower[248][249] Juba 46 m (151 ft) 15 2015
 Spain Torre de Cristal[250][251][252] Madrid 249 m (817 ft) 50 2008
 Sri Lanka Altair[253] Colombo 240 m (787 ft) 68 2019
 Sudan NTC Tower[254][255][256] Khartoum 130 m (427 ft) 29 2009
 Suriname Assuria Hermitage Highrise[257] Paramaribo 55 m (180 ft) 10 2019
 Sweden Karlatornet Gothenburg 245 m (804 ft) 73 2024 Tallest building in Scandinavia
  Switzerland Roche Tower 2[258][259][260] Basel 205 m (673 ft) 50 2022
 Syria Damascus Tower[261][262][263] Damascus 120.2 m (394 ft) 29 1982 Fire broke out in the building in 2019
 Taiwan Taipei 101 |Taipei 508 m (1,667 ft) 101 2004 Tallest building in the world from 2004 to 2010.
 Tajikistan Communications Service Building[264] Dushanbe 123 m (404 ft) 30 2021
 Tanzania PPF Tower II[265][266] Dar es Salaam 160 m (525 ft) 37 2019
 Thailand Iconsiam Bangkok 315 m (1,033 ft) 70 2018
 Togo 2 Fevrier Sofitel Hotel[267][268][269] Lomé 102 m (335 ft) 36 1980
 Tonga St George's Palace Nukuʻalofa 23 m (75 ft) 5 2017
 Trinidad and Tobago International Waterfront Tower C[270][271][272] Port of Spain 108.8 m (357 ft) 27 2008
 Tunisia Hotel Africa, Tunisia [fr; ar][citation needed] Tunis 112 m (367 ft) 24 1971
 Turkey IFC Central Bank Tower Istanbul 352 m (1,155 ft) 59 2024
 Turkmenistan Turkmenistan Tower[273] Ashgabat 173 m (568 ft) 16 2011
 Tuvalu Tuvalu Government Building Funafuti 16 m (52 ft) 3 2004
 Uganda Pearl of Africa Hotel[274][275] Kampala 90 m (295 ft) 24 2014
 Ukraine Klovski Descent 7[276][277][278] Kyiv 168 m (551 ft) 48 2011
 United Arab Emirates Burj Khalifa[279][280][281] Dubai 828 m (2,717 ft) 163 2010 Tallest building in the world.
 United Kingdom The Shard[282][283][284] London 306 m (1,004 ft) 73 2013 Tallest building in the European Union from 2012 to 2020
 United States One World Trade Center[285][286][287] New York City 541.3 m (1,776 ft) 104 2014 Tallest building in the Americas, and tallest office building in the world.
Tallest building in the OECD from 2014 to 2017.
 Uruguay Torre Antel[288][289][290] Montevideo 157.6 m (517 ft) 32 2002
 Uzbekistan Nest One[291] Tashkent 266.5 m (874 ft) 51 2023
 Vanuatu Grand Hotel and Casino Vanuatu[292] Port Vila 22 m (72 ft) 8 1990s
 Vatican City St. Peter's Basilica[293][294][295] Vatican City 136.5 m (448 ft) 1 1626
 Venezuela Parque Central Torre Officinas I[296][297] Caracas 225 m (738 ft) 56 1983
 Vietnam Landmark 81[298][299] Ho Chi Minh City 461.2 m (1,513 ft) 81 2018
 Yemen Al Saleh Mosque[300] Sana'a 100 m (328 ft) 2008
 Zambia Findeco House[301] Lusaka 89.9 m (295 ft) 23 1974
 Zimbabwe New Reserve Bank Tower[302][303][304] Harare 120 m (394 ft) 28 1997

Under construction

[edit]

The list includes the tallest under construction buildings that will become their nation's tallest building upon completion.

Country Building(s) City Height (m) Height (ft) Floors Estimated completion Ref.
 Albania Mount Tirana Tirana 206.4 677 58 2030
 Brazil Senna Tower Balneário Camboriú 544 1,785 135 2028
 Cambodia Naga 3 Tower A Phnom Penh 358 1,175 75 2026
 Canada SkyTower at Pinnacle One Yonge Toronto 346.7 1,137 105 2025 [305]
 France The Link Paris 244 801 51 2025
 Greece Riviera Tower Athens 198 650 45 2026 [306]
 Guatemala Altaire Guatemala City 112 367 31
 Iran Iran Mall Tower Tehran 350 1148 53 [307]
 Israel Azrieli Spiral Tower Tel Aviv 323 1,060 91 2025
 Ivory Coast Tour F Abidjan 385.8 1,266 64 2026
 Japan Torch Tower Tokyo 390 1,280 63 2027 [308]
 Kosovo FM Tower Pristina 230 755 47
 Mexico Torre Rise Monterrey 475.1 1,559 88 2026
 New Zealand Seascape Auckland 187 614 50 2024
 Saudi Arabia Jeddah Tower Jeddah 1,008 3,307 169 2028
 Singapore Skywaters at 8 Shenton Bay Singapore 305 1,001 63 2028

References

[edit]
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  267. ^ 2 Fevrier Sofitel Hotel Archived 16 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine - The Skyscraper Center
  268. ^ 2 Fevrier Sofitel Hotel, Lome Archived 16 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine - SkyscraperPage
  269. ^ 2 Fevrier Sofitel Hotel, Lomé[usurped] - Emporis
  270. ^ International Waterfront Tower C Archived 16 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine - The Skyscraper Center
  271. ^ Port-Of- Spain International Waterfront Office Tower, Port of Spain Archived 16 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine - SkyscraperPage
  272. ^ International Waterfront Tower C, Port-of-Spain[usurped] - Emporis
  273. ^ Turkmenistan Broadcasting Center Archived 16 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine - The Skyscraper Center
  274. ^ Madrigal, Alexis (7 May 2010). "New Global Map of Every Country's Tallest Building". WIRED. Archived from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  275. ^ "Kampala Hilton". Emporis. Archived from the original on 31 December 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  276. ^ Klovski Descent 7A Archived 16 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine - The Skyscraper Center
  277. ^ 7 Klovskyi Descent, Kyiv Archived 16 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine - SkyscraperPage
  278. ^ Klovski Descent 7A, Kyiv[usurped] - Emporis
  279. ^ Burj Khalifa Archived 28 January 2015 at the Wayback Machine - The Skyscraper Center
  280. ^ Burj Khalifa, Dubai Archived 1 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine - SkyscraperPage
  281. ^ Burj Khalifa, Dubai[usurped] - Emporis
  282. ^ The Shard Archived 16 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine - The Skyscraper Center
  283. ^ Shard London Bridge, London Archived 4 December 2021 at the Wayback Machine - SkyscraperPage
  284. ^ The Shard, London[usurped] - Emporis
  285. ^ One World Trade Center Archived 25 January 2022 at the Wayback Machine - The Skyscraper Center
  286. ^ One World Trade Center, New York City Archived 20 January 2022 at the Wayback Machine - SkyscraperPage
  287. ^ One World Trade Center, New York City[usurped] - Emporis
  288. ^ Torre ANTEL Archived 16 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine - The Skyscraper Center
  289. ^ ANTEL Telecommuincations Tower, Montevideo Archived 20 May 2021 at the Wayback Machine - SkyscraperPage
  290. ^ Torre Antel, Montevideo[usurped] - Emporis
  291. ^ The Skyscraper Center Archived 16 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine - The Skyscraper Center
  292. ^ "Grand Hotel and Casino Vanuatu, Port Vila". Emporis. Archived from the original on 16 January 2018. Retrieved 15 January 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  293. ^ Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City Archived 16 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine - SkyscraperPage
  294. ^ Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City[usurped] - Emporis
  295. ^ The Dome Archived 8 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine - vaticanstate.va
  296. ^ Parque Central Torre Officinas I Archived 16 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine - The Skyscraper Center
  297. ^ The Skyscraper Center Archived 16 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine - The Skyscraper Center
  298. ^ "Vincom Landmark 81". The Skyscraper Center. Archived from the original on 5 March 2020. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
  299. ^ "The Landmark 81, Ho Chi Minh City". SkyscraperPage. Archived from the original on 16 February 2022. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
  300. ^ Al-Saleh Mosque Archived 8 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine - yementourism.com
  301. ^ "Findeco House". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
  302. ^ New Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe - The Skyscraper Center
  303. ^ New Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe, Harare - SkyscraperPage
  304. ^ New Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe, Harare[usurped] - Emporis
  305. ^ "Toronto Project Placed Into Receivership". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat – CTBUH. 23 October 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  306. ^ "Groundbreaking Has Begun on a Smart Building in Elliniko-Argyroupoli, Greece". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat – CTBUH. 20 February 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  307. ^ "Iran Mall World Trade Tower - the Skyscraper Center".
  308. ^ "Construction Is Soon to Begin for Japan's Tallest Skyscraper". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat – CTBUH. 5 October 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  1. ^ La Defense is the Paris metropolitan area’s business district, located on the outskirts.
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