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List of geothermal power stations in the United States

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The Sonoma Calpine 3 geothermal power station of The Geysers in California.
Main article: Geothermal energy in the United States

Geothermal power stations in the United States are located exclusively within the Western United States where geothermal energy potential is highest. The highest concentrations are located in the Mayacamas Mountains and Imperial Valley of California, as well as in Western Nevada.

The first geothermal area to be exploited for commercial electricity generation was The Geysers, a complex of 22 geothermal power stations located in Sonoma and Lake counties of California, which was commissioned in September 1960.[1] The complex was then developed into the largest geothermal field in the world with a nameplate capacity of 1,517 MW and an annual generation of 6,516 GWh in 2018.[2][3]

Geothermal power plants/complexes

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This is a list of all geothermal power plants/complexes currently in operation in the United States.

Name State Location Capacity
(MW) 		Annual Generation
(GWh) 		Owner Type Year Ref
Beowawe  Nevada 40°33′17″N 116°37′03″W / 40.55472°N 116.61750°W / 40.55472; -116.61750 (Beowawe) 19.2 99 (2018) Terra-Gen Power Flash steam (87%)
Binary cycle (13%) 		1985 [4][5]
Blue Mountain  Nevada 40°59′42″N 118°08′35″W / 40.99500°N 118.14306°W / 40.99500; -118.14306 (Blue Mountain) 50 229 (2018) Cyrq Energy Binary cycle 2009 [6][7][8]
Blundell  Utah 38°29′21″N 112°51′11″W / 38.48917°N 112.85306°W / 38.48917; -112.85306 (Blundell) 11 223 (2018) PacifiCorp 2007 [6][9]
Brady  Nevada 39°47′46″N 119°00′36″W / 39.79611°N 119.01000°W / 39.79611; -119.01000 (Brady) 21.5 77 (2018) Ormat 1992 [6][10][11]
Casa Diablo IV  California 33°11′55″N 115°36′41″W / 33.19861°N 115.61139°W / 33.19861; -115.61139 (Hell's Kitchen (Proposed)) 30 Ormat Binary cycle 2022 [12][13]
Coso  California 36°01′00″N 117°47′51″W / 36.01667°N 117.79750°W / 36.01667; -117.79750 (Coso) 272.3 1,176 (2018) Coso Operating Company Flash steam 1987 [14][15]
Cove Fort  Utah 38°33′42″N 112°34′48″W / 38.56167°N 112.58000°W / 38.56167; -112.58000 (Cove Fort) 27 158 (2018) Enel Green Power 2014 [6][16]
Desert Peak  Nevada 39°45′14″N 118°57′13″W / 39.75389°N 118.95361°W / 39.75389; -118.95361 (Desert Peak) 92 91 (2018) Ormat Flash steam (71.7%)
Binary cycle (28.3%) 		1985 [17][18]
Dixie Valley  Nevada 39°57′59″N 117°51′21″W / 39.96639°N 117.85583°W / 39.96639; -117.85583 (Dixie Valley) 61 496 (2018) Terra Gen Power Flash steam (99%)
Binary cycle (1%) 		1988 [19][20]
Don A. Campbell  Nevada 38°50′10″N 118°19′27″W / 38.83611°N 118.32417°W / 38.83611; -118.32417 (Don A. Campbell) 39 327 (2018) Ormat 2013 [6][21][22]
The Geysers  California 38°47′26″N 122°45′21″W / 38.79056°N 122.75583°W / 38.79056; -122.75583 (The Geysers) 1,590 6,516 (2018) Calpine, NCPA, SVP, USRG Dry steam 1960 [23][3]
Heber  California 32°42′52″N 115°31′37″W / 32.71444°N 115.52694°W / 32.71444; -115.52694 (Herber) 161.5 539 (2018) Ormat Binary cycle 1985 [24][25]
Imperial Valley  California 33°09′48″N 115°37′00″W / 33.16333°N 115.61667°W / 33.16333; -115.61667 (Imperial Valley) 432.3 1,741 (2018) CalEnergy, EnergySource Dry steam 1982 [26][27][28]
Jersey Valley  Nevada 40°10′52″N 117°28′33″W / 40.18111°N 117.47583°W / 40.18111; -117.47583 (Jersey Valley) 10 72 (2018) Ormat 2011 [6][29]
Lightning Dock  New Mexico 32°08′41″N 108°50′19″W / 32.14472°N 108.83861°W / 32.14472; -108.83861 (Lightning Dock) 4 13 (2018) Cyrq Energy Binary cycle 2014 [30][31]
Mammoth  California 37°38′44″N 118°54′42″W / 37.64556°N 118.91167°W / 37.64556; -118.91167 (Mammoth) 40 215 (2018) Ormat Binary cycle 1984 [32][33][34][35]
McGinness Hills  Nevada 39°35′21″N 116°54′42″W / 39.58917°N 116.91167°W / 39.58917; -116.91167 (McGinness Hills) 138 771 (2018) Ormat Binary cycle 2012 [6][36][37][38]
Neal Hot Springs  Oregon 44°01′23″N 117°28′04″W / 44.02306°N 117.46778°W / 44.02306; -117.46778 (Neal Hot Springs) 22 176 (2018) Ormat 2012 [6][39]
North Brawley  California 33°00′52″N 115°32′27″W / 33.01444°N 115.54083°W / 33.01444; -115.54083 (North Brawley) 64 56 (2018) Ormat Binary cycle 2010 [6][40][41]
Ormesa  California 32°46′59″N 115°15′15″W / 32.78306°N 115.25417°W / 32.78306; -115.25417 (Ormesa) 101.6 268 (2018) Ormat Binary cycle 1987 [42][43][44][45]
Patua  Nevada 39°34′58″N 119°04′29″W / 39.58278°N 119.07472°W / 39.58278; -119.07472 (Patua) 70 138 (2018) Cyrq Energy Binary cycle (85.7%)
Solar PV (14.3%) 		2017 [46][47][48]
Puna [note 1]  Hawaii 19°28′43″N 154°53′20″W / 19.4785°N 154.8888°W / 19.4785; -154.8888 (Puna) 38 323 (2017) Ormat Binary cycle 1992 [6][50]
Raft River  Idaho 42°05′58″N 113°22′57″W / 42.09944°N 113.38250°W / 42.09944; -113.38250 (Raft River) 11 83 (2018) Ormat Binary cycle 2008 [6][51][52]
Salt Wells  Nevada 39°17′40″N 118°34′21″W / 39.29444°N 118.57250°W / 39.29444; -118.57250 (Salt Wells) 13.4 98 (2018) Enel Green Power Binary cycle 2012 [53][54][55][56]
San Emidio  Nevada 40°22′50″N 119°23′59″W / 40.38056°N 119.39972°W / 40.38056; -119.39972 (San Emidio) 11 64 (2018) Ormat 2012 [6][57]
Soda Lake  Nevada 39°33′22″N 118°50′53″W / 39.55611°N 118.84806°W / 39.55611; -118.84806 (Soda Lake) 37 61 (2018) Cyrq Energy 1987 [58][59]
Steamboat  Nevada 39°23′40″N 119°44′51″W / 39.39444°N 119.74750°W / 39.39444; -119.74750 (Steamboat) 73 [note 2] 507 (2018) Ormat Binary cycle (80.3%)
Flash steam (19.7%) 		1988 [61][62]
Stillwater  Nevada 39°32′45″N 118°33′22″W / 39.54583°N 118.55611°W / 39.54583; -118.55611 (Stillwater) 75 159 (2018) Enel Green Power Binary cycle (65.3%)
Solar PV (34.7%) 		2009 [63][64]
Thermo 1  Utah 38°09′39″N 113°11′42″W / 38.16083°N 113.19500°W / 38.16083; -113.19500 (Thermo 1) 13 65 (2018) Cyrq Energy 2013 [6][65]
Tungsten Mountain  Nevada 39°40′04″N 117°41′35″W / 39.66778°N 117.69306°W / 39.66778; -117.69306 (Tungsten Mountain) 27 213 (2018) Ormat 2017 [6][66]
Tuscarora  Nevada 41°28′02″N 116°09′02″W / 41.46722°N 116.15056°W / 41.46722; -116.15056 (Tuscarora) 18 125 (2018) Ormat 2012 [6][67]
Wabuska  Nevada 39°09′48″N 119°10′50″W / 39.16333°N 119.18056°W / 39.16333; -119.18056 (Wabuska) 4 [note 3] 9 (2017) Open Mountain Energy Binary cycle 1984 [6][68][69]

Notes

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  1. ^ Offline due to the 2018 lower Puna eruption. The Puna Complex is currently being expanded from 38 MW to 46 MW and is expected to resume operations by the end of 2020.[49]
  2. ^ Currently being expanded from 73 MW to 93 MW. Expansion is expected to be complete by the end of 2020.[60]
  3. ^ Currently being expanded from 4 MW to 24 MW. Expansion is expected to be complete by the end of 2020.[68]

Proposed

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Name State Location Capacity
(MW) 		Owner Type Year Ref
Hell's Kitchen  California 33°11′55″N 115°36′41″W / 33.19861°N 115.61139°W / 33.19861; -115.61139 (Hell's Kitchen (Proposed)) 140 Controlled Thermal Resources 2025 [26][70][12]
Fervo Cape  Utah 2000 Fervo Energy 2026 [71]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Geysers By The Numbers". geysers.com. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  2. ^ "The Geysers Geothermal Field, California". Power Technology | Energy News and Market Analysis. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
  3. ^ a b "Electricity Data Browser - List of plants for geothermal, California, all sectors". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 2, 2020.
  4. ^ "Beowawe geothermal plant in Nevada, REW geothermal project of the year". Think GeoEnergy - Geothermal Energy News. February 20, 2012. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  5. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Beowawe". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "Ormat Technologies Inc. - Ormat Technologies Inc. - Global Projects". www.ormat.com. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  7. ^ "The Blue Mountain Geothermal Power Plant, USA". Power Technology | Energy News and Market Analysis. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  8. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - NGP Blue Mountain". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  9. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Blundell". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  10. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Brady". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  11. ^ Robins, Jody C.; Kolker, Amanda; Flores-Espino, Francisco; Pettitt, Will; Schmidt, Brian; Beckers, Koenraad; Pauling, Hannah; Anderson, Ben (July 2021). "2021 U.S. Geothermal Power Production and District Heating Market Report" (PDF). Retrieved March 25, 2023.
  12. ^ a b "California needs clean energy after sundown. Is the answer under our feet?". Los Angeles Times. January 22, 2020. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  13. ^ "Casa Diablo IV Project | mammothpacific". www.mammothpacific.com. Retrieved February 7, 2020.
  14. ^ cosogeo. "Project Information". Coso Operating Company. Retrieved February 4, 2020.
  15. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - List of plants for geothermal, California, all sectors, Coso". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  16. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Enel Cove Fort". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  17. ^ "Desert Peak Geothermal Field | ONE". www.onlinenevada.org. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  18. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Desert Peak Power Plant". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  19. ^ Benoit, Dick (2015). "A Case History of the Dixie Valley Geothermal Field, 1963–2014" (PDF). geothermal-library.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 6, 2020. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  20. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Terra-Gen Dixie Valley". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  21. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Don A. Campbell 1 Geothermal". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  22. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Don A. Campbell 2 Geothermal". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  23. ^ Brophy, P.; Lippmann, M.; Dobson, P.F.; Poux, B. (October 1, 2010). "The Geysers Geothermal Field Update1990/2010". OSTI 1048267. doi:10.2172/1048267. OSTI 1048267. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  24. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Herber Geothermal (Herber 1)". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  25. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Second Imperial Geothermal (Herber 2)". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  26. ^ a b "The Shrinking Salton Sea and its Impact on Geothermal Development" (PDF). geothermal.org. 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 6, 2020. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  27. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Salton Sea Complex (11 plants)". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  28. ^ Bernick, Michael (December 12, 2023). "The Jobs Perplex Of The Lithium Valley". Forbes. Retrieved February 5, 2024.
  29. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Jersey Valley Geothermal Power Plant". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  30. ^ "Cyrq Energy starts operation of Lightning Dock plant in New Mexico". Think GeoEnergy - Geothermal Energy News. January 15, 2014. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  31. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Lightning Dock Geothermal HI-01". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  32. ^ "Welcome To The Mammoth Geothermal Complex Website | mammothpacific". www.mammothpacific.com. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  33. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Mammoth Pacific I". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  34. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Mammoth Pacific II". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  35. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Ples I". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  36. ^ Richter, Alexander (December 20, 2018). "48 MW McGinness Hills Phase 3 geothermal plant starts operation in Nevada". ThinkGeoEnergy. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  37. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - McGinness Hills". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  38. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - McGinness Hills 3". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  39. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Neal Hot Springs Geothermal Project". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  40. ^ "North Brawley Geothermal Power Plant". PCL Constructors. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
  41. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - North Brawley Geothermal Plant". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  42. ^ Sonnelitter, Pamela; Krieger, Zvi; Schochet, Daniel N. (2000). "The Ormesa Power Plants at the East Mesa California Resource After 12 Years of Operation" (PDF). geothermal-energy.org. Retrieved February 7, 2020.
  43. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Ormesa I". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  44. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Ormesa II". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  45. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Geo East Mesa III". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  46. ^ "Patua Geothermal Power Plant". Power Technology | Energy News and Market Analysis. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  47. ^ "Cyrq Energy opens solar plant at its Patua geothermal facilities". Think GeoEnergy - Geothermal Energy News. September 3, 2017. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  48. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Patua Acquisition Project". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  49. ^ "Ormat and local utility share details on new PPA for geothermal plant in Hawaii". Think GeoEnergy - Geothermal Energy News. January 6, 2020. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  50. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Puna Geothermal Venture I". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  51. ^ "Raft River Geothermal Project, Southern Idaho". Renewable Technology. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  52. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Raft River Geothermal Power Plant". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  53. ^ "Atlas Generators Used in Enel Stillwater & Salt Wells Plants". Renewable Energy World. January 29, 2010. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  54. ^ "Bureau of Reclamation". www.usbr.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  55. ^ "Enel acquires geothermal assets in Utah and Nevada from U.S. JV with GE Capital". Think GeoEnergy - Geothermal Energy News. March 15, 2019. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  56. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - ENEL Salt Wells". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  57. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - San Emidio". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  58. ^ "The Soda Lake Geothermal Plant Project, USA". Power Technology | Energy News and Market Analysis. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  59. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Soda Lake Geothermal No I II". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  60. ^ Cariaga, Carlo (August 19, 2020). "20 MW expansion of Ormat's Steamboat Hills geothermal plant underway near Reno, Nevada". ThinkGeoEnergy. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  61. ^ "Pictures: Field trip Steamboat Geothermal Power Plant Complex, Nevada". Think GeoEnergy - Geothermal Energy News. January 7, 2019. Retrieved February 8, 2020.
  62. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - List of plants for geothermal, Nevada, all sectors, Steamboat & Galena & Richard Burdette". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  63. ^ "The Stillwater Triple Hybrid Power Plant: Integrating Geothermal, Solar Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Power Generation | POWER Engineers". www.powereng.com. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  64. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Stillwater Facility". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  65. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Thermo No 1". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  66. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Tungsten Mountain". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  67. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Tuscarora". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  68. ^ a b "OME acquires Wabuska Geothermal". Open Mountain Energy. August 24, 2017. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  69. ^ "Electricity Data Browser - Wabuska". www.eia.gov. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
  70. ^ "CTR breaks ground on geothermal and lithium facility in California". January 29, 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2024.
  71. ^ [1]
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