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List of Qing dynasty non-imperial titles

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See also: Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty

The following list represents all recipients of the Qing dynasty non-imperial noble titles decreasingly. The list also includes pre-standard titles existing prior to the formalisation of rank system and pre-standard titles granted solely to meritous officials which were similar to the titles normally granted to imperial clansmen.

Standard nobility titles

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Duke (公)

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The following table includes ducal titles granted to meritorious officials, including founders of the Qing dynasty, participants and coadjutors of Qing dynasty military campaigns and regents upon the underage emperors and also titles granted to families of the most famous people in the history of China (四氏). Revoked titles are not included. Some of the officials were enshrined in the Imperial Ancestral Temple together with the most notable imperial princes, emperors and their consorts. Another meritorious officials were enshrined in the Temple of Worthies (贤良祠).

Date Rank Title Recipient Clan Notes References
1650s Not specified Duke Yongqin (勇勤公, meaning "brave and diligent") Hohori (何和礼) Donggo One of the 5 founders of Qing dynasty, prince consort of Princess Duanzhuang of the First Rank [1]
1632 Duke Zhiyi (直义公) Fiongdon Gūwalgiya One of the 5 founders of Qing dynasty, prince consort of Cuyen's first daughter [2]
1681 Duke Hongyi (弘毅公) Eidu Niohuru One of the 5 founders of Qing dynasty, prince consort of Princess Mukushen [3][4]
1643 Duke Yansheng Senior northern branch of Confucius The title was granted as early as in 1005[5]
1720s 1 Duke Xiongyong (一等雄勇公) Tulai Gūwalgiya Defector of the Li Zicheng and son of Fiongdon [6]
1713 Duke Chaowu (一等超武公) Oboi One of the Four Regents of the Kangxi Emperor [7]
1681 Duke Zhongda (一等忠达公) Tuhai Magiya Defector of the rebellion of Three Feudatories
1731 Duke Yingcheng (一等英诚公) Yangguri Šumuru Title was granted for the merits during Manchu conquest of Korea in 1637 [8]
1667 Duke Haicheng（海澄公) Huang Wu Huang A participant of military campaigns of Qing dynasty under the command of Shang Kexi [9]
1723 Duke Zhonglie (一等忠烈公) Yangzheng Tunggiya Grandfather of Empress Xiaokangzhang [10]
1723 Duke Baoji (一等褒绩公) Laita Namdulu Defector of Li Zicheng's rebellion, descendant of Kangguri, one of 16 ministers of Nurhaci [11]
1750 Duke Zhongyong (一等忠勇公) Fuheng Fuca clan Title awarded for the merits during Jinchuan campaigns [12]
1755 Duke Chengyong (一等成勇公) Bandi Borjigin
Duke Chaoyong (超勇公) Salar Granted for the merits during Xinjiang wars
1755 Duke Xuanche (旋撤公) Seleng Niohuru Granted for the merits during Zunghar wars [13]
1758 Duke Wuyi Mouyong (武毅谋勇公) Zhaohui Uya Granted for quelling Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas [14]
1776 Duke Guoyi Jiyong (果毅继勇公) Fengshengge Niohuru Granted for merits during Jinchuan campaigns [15]
1792 Duke Chaoyong (超勇公) Hailancha Duola'er Granted for pacification of Gurkha tribes [16]
1793 Duke Jiayong Zhongrui（嘉勇忠锐） Fuk'anggan Fuca clan Granted for merits during Sino-nepalese wars and quelling Lin Shuangwen's rebellion. Promoted to second-rank prince [17]
1798 Duke Zhongxiang (忠襄公) Heshen Niohuru Title revoked later in 1799.
1826 Duke Weiyong (威勇公） Changling Sartuk (萨尔图克氏) Granted for pacification of Taiwan uprising in 1787, White Lotus Rebellion in 1813 and victory against Jahangir Khoja in 1826 [18]
1647 2 Inggurdai (英俄尔岱) Tatara clan Granted for successful military campaigns during transition from Ming to Qing and multiple missions to Choseon aiming to gain support for Manchus [6]
1731 Duke Guoyi (果毅公) Turgei Niohuru Conqueror of Yanzhou, prince consort of Princess Mukushen [19]
1627 3 Duke Yongqin (勇勤公) Hošotu (和硕图) Donggo Son of Hohori who inherited the title due to his merits during the conquest of Ming [20]
1698 Duke Zhaowu (昭武公) Feiyanggu Donggo participant of early Qing military campaigns, including fight against Revolt of the Three Feudatories, Battle of Ulan Butung, general of Xi'an and Shaanxi [21]
1723 Duke Weixin (威信公) Yue Zhongqi Yue Granted for merits during Dzungar–Qing Wars in Tibet and Qinghai in 1720 [22]
1755 Duke Xinyong (信勇公) Mamut (玛木特) Hojam Granted for collaboration with Qing dynasty during Conquest of Dzungar in 1753 [23]
1805 Duke Weiyong Zhongyi (威勇忠毅) Eldemboo (额勒登保) Gūwalgiya Granted for pacification of Miao uprising in 1795 [24]
1809 Duke Jiyong (继勇公) Delertei (德楞泰) Wumit (伍弥特) Granted for pacification of Taiwan revolt, Gurkhas, Miao and White Lotus Rebellion [25]

Duke Cheng'en (承恩公)

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The following table includes fathers and brothers of empresses and empresses dowagers. Title could not be revoked. Mongolian princes who held royal titles are not included.

Class Recipient Clan Empress Emperor References
1 Tulai Tunggiya Empress Xiaokangzhang Shunzhi Emperor [10]
Guogang
Guowei Empress Xiaoyiren Kangxi Emperor [26]
Gabula (general) Hešeri Empress Xiaochengren [27]
Weiwu Uya Empress Xiaogongren [28]
Boqi
Fiyanggu Ulanara Empress Xiaojingxian Yongzheng Emperor [29]
Lingzhu Niohuru Empress Xiaoshengxian [30]
Lirongbao Fuca clan Empress Xiaoxianchun Qianlong Emperor [31]
3 Wei Qingtai Wei (魏) Empress Xiaoyichun
He'erjing'e Hitara Empress Xiaoshurui Jiaqing Emperor [32]
1 Gunggala Niohuru Empress Xiaoherui
3 Buyandalai Empress Xiaomucheng Daoguang Emperor [33]
1 Shuming'a Tunggiya Empress Xiaoshencheng [34]
3 Yiling Niohuru Empress Xiaoquancheng
1 Jilamin Khorchin Borjigin Empress Xiaojingcheng
Not specified Futai Sakda Empress Xiaodexian Xianfeng Emperor
3 Muyangga Niohuru Empress Dowager Ci'an
Huizheng Yehe-Nara Empress Dowager Cixi
Chongqi Arute Hala Empress Xiaozheyi Tongzhi Emperor
Guixiang Yehe-Nara Empress Dowager Longyu Guangxu Emperor

Marquis (侯)

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Class Year Title Recipient Clan Notes References
Not specified 1644 Marquis Dingxi (定西侯) Tang Tong (唐通) Tang Title granted for the merits during Battle of Songshan in 1641 and collaboration with Qing dynasty. Title revoked after participation in raids with Li Zicheng [35]
1645 Marquis Gongshun (恭顺侯) Wu Weihua (吴惟华) Wu Retained the title of Count Gongshun (恭顺伯) granted by the Ming dynasty. Title elevated for his contributions during transition from Ming to Qing, especially conquest of Shanxi and support to Dorgon. [36]
1653 Marquis Tong'an (同安侯) Zheng Zhilong Zheng Title granted for defection and collaboration with Qing in 1644. [37]
1659 Marquis Muyi (义侯) Tan Hong (谭宏) Tan Title granted for reconquest of Chongqing and later surrender to Qing [38]
Marquis Xianghua (向化侯) Tan Yi (谭诣)
1663 Marquis Zunyi (遵义侯) Zheng Mingjun (郑鸣骏) Zheng Title granted for collaboration with Qing dynasty [39]
1678 Marquis Jianyi (建义侯) Lin Xingzhu Lin Title granted for contribution to Qing conquest of Jiangxi and elimination of Wu Sangui's feudatory [40]
1 1749 Marquis Shunqin (一等顺勤侯) Ma Degong (马得功) Ma Title granted posthumously
1675 Marquis Jingni (一等靖逆侯) Zhang Yong (张勇) Zhang Title granted for the quell of Revolt of the Three Feudatories [41]
1725 Marquis Yan'en Zhu Zhlian (朱之琏) Zhu Title granted to the cadet branch of the House of Zhu, ruling clan of the Ming dynasty [42]
1684 Marquis Jinghai (靖海侯) Shi Lang Shi Title granted for military campaign in Taiwan [43]
1701 Marquis Zhaowu (昭武侯) Chentai Donggo [44]
1727 Funing'an (富宁安) Fuca clan Granted for contribution in Zhungar war in 1717 [45]
1797 Fuchang'an Granted for civil cervice.Title revoked in 1801 [46]
1802 Marquis Weiyong Zhongyi Eldemboo Gūwalgiya Granted for quelling White Lotus rebellion [47]
1814 Marquis Weiqin (一等威勤侯) Lebao Feimo Granted posthumously [48]
1833 Marquis Guoyong (果勇侯) Yang Fang (杨芳) Yang Granted for quelling Jahangir Hoja's rebellion. Demoted by 1 class in 1834. [49]
1835 Marquis Zhaoyong (昭勇侯) Yang Maichun (杨迈春) Granted for quelling White Lotus sect in 1797 and Jahangir Hoja [50]
1864 Marquis Yiyong (毅勇侯) Zeng Guofan Zeng Granted for quelling Taiping rebellion
1892 Marquis Suyi Li Hongzhang Li Granted for quelling Taiping and Nian rebellions
2 1661 Marquis Shunyi (顺义侯) Tian Xiong Tian Granted for elimination of Koxinga [51]
1879 Marquis Kejing (恪靖侯) Zuo Zongtang Zuo Granted for quelling Taiping rebellion, Nian rebellion and Hui rebellion [52][53]
3 1653 Marquis Maolie (懋烈侯) Li Guohan (李国翰) Li Granted for the merits during military campaign in Sichuan [54]
1681 Marquis Jinghai (靖海侯) Shi Lang Shi Granted for liquidation and conquest of Kingdom of Tungning [55]
1776 Marquis Guoyong (果勇侯) Horonggo (和隆武) Magiya Granted for merits during military campaigns in Jinchuan [56]
1819 Marquis Xiangyong (襄勇侯) Mingliang Fuca clan Granted for the merits during military campaigns in Jinchuan, conquest of Qashgar and putting down the White Lotus rebellion [57]

Count (伯)

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Class Year Title Recipient Clan Notes References
1 1650 Lengsenggi (冷僧机) Nara clan Bondservant of Princess Mangguji， close advisor to Dorgon and one of the regents over premature Shunzhi Emperor [58]
1652 Count Zhaoxin (昭信伯) Bayan (霸严) Li Granted for Conquest of Sichuan and Shaanxi during Transition from Ming to Qing [59]
1755 Count Qinxiang (勤襄伯)
2
3

Viscount (子)

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Class Year Title Recipient Clan Notes References
1
2
3

Baron (男)

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Class Year Title Recipient Clan Notes References
1
2
3

References

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  2. ^ 《满文老档·第四十四册》. Vol. 44.
  3. ^ 《欽定八旗通志》/"Comprehensive history of Eight Banners". Vol. 15.
  4. ^ 《皇朝文獻通考》. Vol. 107.
  5. ^ "新华网_让新闻离你更近". m.xinhuanet.com. Retrieved 2021-03-06.
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  7. ^ 《清實錄》.
  8. ^ Sirin Gioro, Ortai (1985). 《八旗通志初集》. 东北师范大学出版社. p. 1535.
  9. ^ Yuan, Minxi. 《海上見聞錄》.
  10. ^ a b "华夏仝氏网". hxtsw.cn. Retrieved 2021-03-06.
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  12. ^ 清國史館傳稿/"Encyclopaedia of the history of the Qing dynasty", word no. 5730.
  13. ^ Zhao, Erxun. Draft history of Qing. Vol. 312.
  14. ^ Zhao, Yi. 《簷曝杂记》. Vol. 1.
  15. ^ Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft history of Qing. Vol. 313.
  16. ^ "内蒙古新闻网 --- 清代鄂温克族"武壮"海兰察". 2007-09-28. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2021-04-17.
  17. ^ "Encyclopaedia Sinica". npmhost.npm.gov.tw. Retrieved 2021-04-17.
  18. ^ 《道咸以来朝野杂记》/ Miscellaneous records of the Court of Daoguang and Xianfeng eras.
  19. ^ Zhao, Erxun (1928). "Draft history of Qing". Vol. 233.
  20. ^ Xie / 谢, Xuanjun / 选骏 (2022). Complete Works of Xie Xuanjun / 谢选骏全集. Vol. 198. p. 208.
  21. ^ "朝阳数字文化网". 2014-10-20. Archived from the original on 2014-10-20. Retrieved 2021-03-06.
  22. ^ Dai, Yingcong (2009). The Sichuan Frontier and Tibet: Imperial Strategy in the Early Qing. Washington: University of Washington Press. p. 82.
  23. ^ Yuan / 袁, Canxing / 灿兴 (2018). 清代准噶尔史话 / History of Dzungar in the Qing dynasty. Social Sciences Literature Press. p. 144.
  24. ^ Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft History of Qing. Vol. 344.
  25. ^ 仁宗睿皇帝實錄.
  26. ^ . 2016-12-01 https://web.archive.org/web/20161201215913/http://www.dpm.org.cn/files/fulltext/thesis_id/1/1568/T00016_00.PDF. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-12-01. Retrieved 2021-03-06. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
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  28. ^ 《清世宗憲皇帝實錄》.
  29. ^ 《皇朝文獻通考 卷二百五十》. Vol. 250.
  30. ^ 《高宗純皇帝實錄》.
  31. ^ Zhao, Erxun (1928). "Draft history of Qing". Vol. 268.
  32. ^ 《大清高宗法天隆运至诚先觉体元立极敷文奋武孝慈神圣纯皇帝实录》. Vol. 1026.
  33. ^ Qian, Shifu. 《清代职官年表》.
  34. ^ 《清史稿 卷一百六十七 表七》.
  35. ^ 大顺史稿 / Draft History of Great Shun.
  36. ^ Lei / 雷, Bingyan / 炳炎 (2006). 清代八旗世爵世职研究. 中南大學出版社. pp. 42,44.
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  39. ^ Qian / 钱, Yuehai / 岳海. 南明史. Vol. 75.
  40. ^ 50 Prefectures of Guangzhou / 关河五十州 (2019). Great Emperor Kangxi. Beijing Book Co. Inc.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
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  42. ^ Library of Congress. Orientalia Division (1970). Eminent Chinese of the Chʻing Period (1644-1912). Chʻeng Wen Publishing. p. 192.
  43. ^ Brunnert, H.S; Hagelstrom, V.V. (2013) [1910]. Present day political organization of Chinw. Routledge. p. 494.
  44. ^ Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft History of Qing. Vol. 169.
  45. ^ Qian, Shipu. Calendarium of Qing dynasty officials. Part 1.
  46. ^ 清嘉慶朝實錄. Vol. 81.
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  52. ^ The Canadian spectator, Volume 1. 1878. p. 462.
  53. ^ Jonathan Neaman Lipman (2004). Familiar strangers: a history of Muslims in Northwest China. Seattle: University of Washington Press. pp. 127, 140. ISBN 0-295-97644-6.
  54. ^ Zhao, Erxun (1928). 《清史稿》/ Draft History of Qing. Chapter 23.
  55. ^ Brunnert, H.S. (1912). Present Day Political Organization of China. Oxton: Routledge. p. 494.
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  59. ^ Zhao, Erxun (1928). "Draft history of Qing". Vol. 273
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