This is a list of Jewish communities in the United Kingdom , including synagogues , yeshivot [ nb 1] Hebrew schools . For a list of buildings which were previously used as synagogues see List of former synagogues in the United Kingdom .
Jews in the UK now number around 270,000,[ 1] Jewish population in Europe (behind France) and the fifth largest Jewish community worldwide . The majority of the Jews in England live in and around London, with almost 160,000 Jews in London itself and a further 20,800 in nearby Hertfordshire , primarily in Bushey (4,500), Borehamwood (3,900), and Radlett (2,300). The next most significant population is in Greater Manchester with a community of slightly more than 25,000, primarily in Bury (10,360),[ 2] Salford (7,920),[ 3] Manchester itself (2,725)[ 4] Trafford (2,490).[ 5] Leeds (6,760),[ 6] Gateshead (3,000),[ 7] Brighton (2,730),[ 8] Liverpool (2,330),[ 9] Birmingham (2,150)[ 10] Southend (2,080).[ 11]
Cambridge and East Anglia [ edit ] Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire [ edit ] Greater London and Surrey [ edit ] City of London and the East End [ edit ] East and North East London [ edit ] North and North West London [ edit ] South and South East London [ edit ] South West London and Surrey [ edit ] Blackpool and Lytham St Annes [ edit ] There have been Jews in Scotland since the 17th century, if not earlier.[ 313] Ashkenazi background who mainly settled in Edinburgh , then in Glasgow in the mid-19th century. According to the 2011 census, 5,887 Jews lived in Scotland; a decline of 8.7% from the 2001 census.[ 314]
There are records of Jews in Abergavenny , Caerleon and Chepstow in the 13th century, all of them in the Marcher Lordships of South Wales.[ 324] conquest of Wales (1287–1283), Edward I issued the 1290 Edict of Expulsion expelling the Jews from England . It is likely that most, if not all, Jews left Wales after Edward I's edict of 1290.
A Jewish community was recorded in Swansea in around 1730. Further Jewish communities were formed in the 19th century in Cardiff , Merthyr Tydfil , Pontypridd and Tredegar ."[ 325]
Jewish communities in Wales were augmented by refugees from Nazi -dominated Europe in the late 1930s.
The modern community in South Wales is centred on the Cardiff Reform Synagogue and the Cardiff United Synagogue . There is also a synagogue in Swansea. The synagogue of Merthyr Tydfil , the major one north of Cardiff, ceased to hold regular services in the 1970s and the building was later sold.
The Jews of Northern Ireland have lived primarily in Belfast , where the Belfast Hebrew Congregation , an Ashkenazi Orthodox community, was established in 1870.[ 332] Derry and Lurgan .[ 333] [ 334] [ 335] [ 336]
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