List of Egyptian pyramidia
Appearance
Pyramidia (singular: pyramidion) are the capstones of ancient Egyptian pyramids.
Tips of obelisks, also called pyramidia, were not separate stones and are not included in this list.
Image | Dyn | Associated name(s) | Findspot | Current location | Material(s) | Deco | Base | Hgt | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
in cm | |||||||||
Old Kingdom (c. 2543 – 2120 BC) | |||||||||
4 | Sneferu | Dashur, Red Pyramid | Dashur | Limestone | No | 157 ? | 100 ? | [1][2] | |
4 | Khufu | Giza, Pyramid G1-d | Giza | Limestone | No | 111.8 | 70.9 | [3] | |
4 | Wife of Menkaure | Giza, Pyramid G3-a | Limestone | No | 112.5 | 75 | [4] | ||
5 | Sahure | Abusir, Pyramid of Sahure | Known only from inscription | Limestone, gold | [5] | ||||
5 | Khentkaus II | Abusir, Pyramid of Khentkaus II | Black granite | [4] | |||||
6 | Merenre Nemtyemsaf I | Saqqara, Pyramid of Merenre | Known only from inscription | Black granite | [4] | ||||
6 | Udjebten | Saqqara, Pyramid of Udjebten | Known only from inscription | Stone, gold | [4][6] | ||||
Middle Kingdom (c. 1980 – 1760 BC) | |||||||||
12 | Queen (?) of | Lisht, Pyramid 3 of Senusret's complex | Red granite | [7] | |||||
12 | Queen (?) of
Senusret I |
Lisht, Pyramid 5 of Senusret's complex | Red granite | [8] | |||||
12 | Senusret II | El Lahun, Pyramid of Senusret II | London, Petrie Museum | Black granite | Yes | [9][10] | |||
12 | Amenemhat III | Dahshur, Black Pyramid (Pyramidion of Amenemhat III) |
Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Black granite | Yes | 185 | 140 | [11][12] | |
12 | Amenemhat III | Hawara | London, Petrie Museum | Limestone | No | 23 | [13][14] | ||
13 | Khendjer | South Saqqara, Pyramid of Khendjer | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Black granite | Yes | 140 | 130 | [15][16] [17] | |
13 | Merneferre Ay | South Saqqara, Pyramid of Merneferre Ay | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Black granite | Yes | 83 | 85 | [18][19] | |
13 | Southern South Saqqara pyramid | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Black granite | No | 156 | 145 (slp) | [16][20] [21] | ||
Second Intermediate Period (c. 1759 – 1539 BC) | |||||||||
17 | Intef V | Dra' Abu el-Naga', Pyramid of Intef V | London, British Museum | Limestone | Yes | 34 | 22 | [22][23] | |
17 | Intef VI | Dra' Abu el-Naga', Pyramid of Intef VI | Limestone | Yes | [24] | ||||
17/18 | Amosis | Dra' Abu el-Naga' | Limestone | Yes | [25] | ||||
Image | Dyn | Associated name(s) | Findspot | Current location | Material(s) | Deco | Base | Hgt | Ref |
in cm | |||||||||
New Kingdom (c. 1539 – 1077 BC) | |||||||||
18 or earlier | Teti, lector-priest of Senisonb | Theban area ? | Oxford, Ashmolean Museum | Limestone | Yes | 31 | 40.5 (slp) | [26] | |
18 | Tetisheri | Abydos, Pyramid of Tetisheri | Limestone | Yes | [27] | ||||
18 | Iniuia | Saqqara | Paris, Louvre | Red granite | Yes | 70
67.5 |
63 | [28][29] [30] | |
18 | Ptahmose, High-Priest of Thutmose III | Saqqara ? | Berlin, Egyptian Museum | Gabbro | Yes | 43
41 |
39.5 | [31][32] [33] | |
18 | Ahmose ? | Theban area ? | San Jose, Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum | Limestone | Yes | 23.2 | 36.3 | [34] | |
18 | Meriré | Amarna | Berlin, Egyptian Museum | Limestone | Yes | 30
28 |
24 | [35][36] | |
18 ? | anonymous | Abydos | Brussels, Royal Museums of Art and History | Limestone | Yes | 25.7
23.5 |
35.7 | [37][38] | |
18 | Houy | Saqqara | Florence, National Archaeological Museum | Gray granite | Yes | 32 | 36 | [39][40] | |
18 | Nedjem | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Sandstone | Yes | 33 | 43.5 | [41][42] | ||
18 | Amenhotep (Huy) | Saqqara | Leiden, Rijksmuseum van Oudheden | Red granite | Yes | 77 | 67 | [43][44] | |
18 | Amenemone | Memphis | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Limestone | Yes | 43.5 | 37 | [45][46] | |
18 | anonymous | London, British Museum | Limestone | Yes | 50 | 48 | [47][48] | ||
18 | Ptahemwia | Saqqara | Leiden, Rijksmuseum van Oudheden | Limestone | Yes | 28 | 42 | [49][50] | |
18 | Nebanon | Thebes | Munich, Staatliches Museum Ägyptischer Kunst | Limestone | Yes | 46 | [51] | ||
18 | Imenemheb | Qurnet Murai | Paris, Louvre | Sandstone | Yes | 44.5 | 85.7 | [52][53] | |
18 | Pay | Memphis | Paris, Louvre | Limestone | Yes | 45
44.5 |
40 | [54][55] | |
18 | Kha | Deir el-Medina, Pyramid chapel of TT8 | Paris, Louvre | Sandstone | Yes | 49 | 83 | [56][57] | |
18 | Hori | Abu Tig | Seattle Art Museum | Limestone | Yes | 28.5 | 31.6 | [58][59] | |
18 | Nakhtmin ? | Deir el-Medina | Limestone | No | 65 | 65 | [60] | ||
18 or later | Amarna, South Tombs Cemetery | Limestone | 24
20 |
35 | [61] | ||||
18/19 | Raia | Saqqara | Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum | Limestone | Yes | 37.4
31.3 |
33.3 | [62][63] | |
18/19 | Mahu, the Quarter Master | Edinburgh, National Museum of Scotland | Limestone,
plaster, paint |
Yes | 18 | 36.5 | [64][65] | ||
18/19 | Ry (Roy), head of bowmen | Abydos | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Limestone | Yes | 48.5 | 49 | [66][67] [68] | |
18/19 | anonymous | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Limestone | Yes | 34.5 | 61.5 | [69][70] [71] | ||
18/19 | Neferhotep | Deir el-Medina | Limestone | Yes | 40 | 34 | [72] | ||
18/19 | Huy, Servant in the Place of Truth | Deir el-Medina | Sandstone | Yes | 35.6 | 35.6 | [73][74] | ||
18/19 | Nornakht | Aniba | Sandstone | Yes | 30.7
27.8 |
28 | [75][76] | ||
After 18 ? | Khonsou / Hori | Gurob | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Limestone | Yes | 31 | 40 | [77][78] | |
19 | Khay (vizier) | Pyramid of Khay | Sheikh Abd el-Qurna | Granodiorite | [79] | ||||
19 | Tia (princess) and | Saqqara, Pyramid of the two Tias | Lost c. 1792 AD | Red granite | Yes | 91 | 76 | [80][81] [82] | |
19 | Scribe Mose (Ms) | West-Thebes ? | Hildesheim, Roemer- und Pelizaeus-Museum | Limestone | Yes | 52 | [83][84] [85] | ||
19 | Minemheb | Thebes | Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum | Limestone | Yes | 34 | 47.5 | [86][87] | |
19 | Senres ? | Paris, Louvre | Limestone | Yes | 51
36.5 |
43.5 | [88][89] | ||
19 | Nehi | Qurnet Murai | Florence, National Archaeological Museum | Sandstone | Yes | 61 | 57 | [90][91] | |
19 | Ptahemouia | Memphis | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Limestone | Yes | 55
44 |
38 | [92][93] [94] | |
19 | Nebmeroutef Ry | Beit Khallaf | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Limestone | Yes | 24 | 20 | [95][96] | |
19 | Messouy | Temple of Amada | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Limestone | Yes | 42 | 67 | [97][98] | |
19 | anonymous | Kurna | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Faience | Yes | 37 | 26 | [99][100] | |
19 | Anu (Aâouy) | Aniba | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Sandstone | Yes | 46.5 | 56 | [101][102] [103] | |
19 | Amenhotep-Huy | Memphis | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Grey granite | Yes | 52 | 50 | [92][104] [105] | |
19 | Kenro | El-Khokha, TT178 | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Faience | Yes | 39 | 28 | [106][107] | |
19 | Tourobay | Deir el-Medina | St. Petersburg, Hermitage Museum | Limestone | Yes | 17 | 26 | [108] | |
19 | Neferronpet | Saqqara | Liverpool, National Museums | Granite | Yes | 33
29 |
46 | [109][110] | |
19 | Hornefer | Deir el-Medina | London, British Museum | Sandstone | Yes | 33.5 | 40 | [111][112] | |
19 | Intj | Abydos | London, British Museum | Limestone | Yes | 40 | 40 | [113][114] | |
19 | Nebamun (Nebamontet) | Deir el-Medina | London, Petrie Museum | Limestone | Yes | 15 | 18.5 | [115][116] | |
19 | anonymous | Gurob | London, Petrie Museum | Limestone | Yes | 24 | [117][118] [119] | ||
19 | anonymous | Gurob | London, Petrie Museum | Limestone | Yes | 27.5 | [120][121] [122] | ||
19 | Pyay | Deir el-Medina | Paris, Louvre | Limestone | Yes | 35 | 37 | [123][124] | |
19 | Ramose | Deir el-Medina | Turin, Museo Egizio | Limestone | Yes | 57.5 | 70 | [125][126] | |
19 | Khonsou | Deir el-Medina, chapel of tomb 1 | Turin, Museo Egizio | Limestone | Yes | 43 | 59 | [127] | |
19 | Nebnefer / Neferhotep | Deir el-Medina | Limestone | Yes | 36 | 50 | [128] | ||
19 | Sennedjem | Deir el-Medina | Limestone | Yes | 61.5 | 61.5 | [129] | ||
19 ? | Neferrenpet ? | Deir el-Medina | Limestone | Yes | [130] | ||||
19 | Penmerenab ? | Deir el-Medina, chapel 322 | Yes | [131] | |||||
19 | Amenemope | Deir el-Medina, tomb 215 ? | Limestone | Yes | [132] | ||||
19 | Ptahmose | Saqqara | London, British Museum | Yes | [133][134] | ||||
19 | Ramses II ? | Wadi es-Sebua | Yes | 45 | 75 | [135] | |||
19 | Thothermektef ? | Deir el-Medina, TT357 | Yes | 36 | 30 | [136] | |||
19 | [Messouy] | Temple of Amada | Sandstone | Yes | 48 | 75 | [137] | ||
19 | Pennout ? | Aniba | Sandstone | No | 45
40 |
65 | [138][69] [139] | ||
19/20 | Meri-imen Ra-mesu | Western Thebes | Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum | Sandstone,
paint |
Yes | 36.4
30.1 |
44.6 | [140][141] | |
19/20 | Hori | Deir el-Medina | Paris, Louvre | Sandstone | Yes | 38
37 |
41 | [142][143] | |
19/20 ? | Abydos | Pennsylvania, Penn Museum | Limestone | Yes | [144] | ||||
19/20 | Tjeper | Abydos | Edinburgh, National Museum of Scotland | Black basalt | Yes | 25 | 25 | [145][146] | |
19/20 | Amenhotp | Abydos | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Sandstone | Yes | 42 | 45.5 | [147][148] | |
19/20 | Amenemheb /
Neferrenpet |
Deir el-Medina | London, British Museum | Limestone | Yes | 27
24 |
36 | [149][150] | |
19/20 | Khat | Deir el-Medina | London, British Museum | Limestone | Yes | 49 | 65 | [151][152] | |
19/20 | Taya | Saqqara | Paris, Louvre | Limestone | Yes | 41
36.3 |
35 | [153][154] | |
19/20 | Khonsouhetep | Paris, Louvre | Limestone | Yes | 36 | 40.2 | [155][156] | ||
19/20 | Pagerger | Memphis | Paris, Louvre | Limestone | Yes | 25 | 24.5 | [157][158] | |
19/20 | Aamakt | Deir el-Medina, TT356 | Paris, Louvre | Limestone | Yes | 37 | 39.2 | [159][160] [161] | |
19/20 | Ipy | Deir el-Medina | Paris, Louvre | Limestone | Yes | 23 | 33 | [162][163] | |
19/20 | Tourbay | Deir el-Medina | Paris, Louvre | Limestone | Yes | 24.5
23 |
34 | [164][165] [166] | |
19/20 | Amenemope | Thebes | Vatican Museums | Limestone | Yes | 30 | 34 | [167][168] | |
19/20 | Deir el-Medina, tomb 219 | Limestone | Yes | [169] | |||||
19/20 | Amenemouia ? | Deir el-Medina | Sandstone | Yes | [170] | ||||
19/20 | Amennakht Dydy ? | Deir el-Medina | Limestone | Yes | [171] | ||||
19/20 | Houy ? | Deir el-Medina, tomb 1336 | Limestone | Yes | [172] | ||||
19/20 ? | Deir el-Medina | Limestone | Yes | [173] | |||||
19/20 | Deir el-Medina | Limestone | Yes | 35-45 | 60-70 | [174] | |||
19/20 | Amennakht | Deir el-Medina, 1349 or 1343 | Limestone | Yes | [175] | ||||
20 | God's Adorer ʒst | Qift | London, British Museum | Limestone, plaster | Yes | 43 | 38.2 | [176][177] | |
20 | Iry | Deir el-Medina | Limestone | Yes | 23
21 |
32 | [178] | ||
20 | Kaha | Deir el-Medina | Limestone | Yes | [179] | ||||
NK | Nebseny | Memphis | Paris, Louvre | Limestone | Yes | 40 | 53 | [180][181] | |
NK | Paris, Louvre | Faience | Yes | 15.5 | 13.2 | [182] | |||
NK | Penmehet | Beit Khallaf | Berlin, Egyptian Museum | Limestone | Yes | 32.5 | 65 | [183][184] [185] | |
NK ? | Bekenamun | English private collection | Limestone | Yes | 35.2 | 38.1 | [186][187] | ||
NK ? | Harsiesi | Abydos | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Limestone | Yes | 23 | [188][189] [190] | ||
NK ? | Ptahmose/
Paherpedjet |
Abydos ? | Copenhague | Limestone | Yes | 35 | 37 | [191] | |
NK | Amenhotep | Florence, National Archaeological Museum | Limestone | Yes | 23
21 |
32 | [192][193] | ||
NK | anonymous | Florence, National Archaeological Museum | Limestone | Yes | 14
12.5 |
38 | [194][195] | ||
NK | anonymous | Heidelberg, Sammlung des Ägyptologischen Instituts | Sandstone | Yes | 46 | 69 | [196] | ||
NK | Mose (?) | Memphis | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Limestone | Yes | 48
41 |
60.5 | [197][198] | |
NK | anonymous | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Limestone | Yes | 27
25 |
40.5 | [199][200] | ||
NK | Amenemopet | Abydos | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Limestone | Yes | 32.5 | 53 | [201][202] [203] | |
NK | Pauty | Saqqara | Leiden, Rijksmuseum van Oudheden | Limestone | Yes | 47 | 47 | [204][205] | |
NK | Tjanefer | Deir el-Medina, temple of Mentouhotep | London, British Museum | Black basalt | Yes | 22
20 |
24 | [206][207] | |
NK | Buqentef | Deir el-Medina | London, British Museum | Limestone | Yes | 28
19.5 |
66 | [208][209] [210] | |
NK ? | Djehuty (Thuti) | Deir el-Medina, temple of Mentouhotep | London, British Museum | Limestone | Yes | 11.4 | 18 | [211][212] | |
NK | anonymous | Deir el-Medina | Turin, Museo Egizio | Limestone | Yes | 15 | 20 | [213] | |
NK | anonymous | Gurnah | Voronezh | Sandstone | Yes | [214][215] | |||
NK | Pached ? | Deir el-Medina | Limestone | Yes | [216] | ||||
NK | Deir el-Medina | Limestone | Yes | [217] | |||||
NK | Deir el-Medina | Limestone | Yes | [218] | |||||
NK | Deir el-Medina | Limestone | [219] | ||||||
NK | Deir el-Medina | Limestone | [220] | ||||||
NK | Aniba | Sandstone | Yes | 40 | [221][222] | ||||
NK | Roro | Deir el-Medina | Leipzig University | Limestone | Yes | 26 | 54 | [223] | |
NK | Penbouy ? | Deir el-Medina | Yes | [224] | |||||
NK | Tiro ? | Deir el-Medina | Yes | [225] | |||||
NK | [226] | ||||||||
NK | Panufer | Thebes | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Granite | [227] | ||||
NK | Abydos | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Yes | [228] | |||||
Image | Dyn | Associated name(s) | Findspot | Current location | Material(s) | Deco | Base | Hgt | Ref |
in cm | |||||||||
Third Intermediate Period of Egypt (c. 1077 – 722 BC) | |||||||||
~21 | Nestaouat | Memphis | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Limestone | Yes | 31.5
30 |
29.5 | [229][230] | |
21 | Bennebensekhaf | Thebes | Paris, Louvre | Limestone | Yes | 48 | 47.6 | [231][232] | |
TIP/LP | anonymous | Liverpool, National Museums | Wood, gesso, paint | Yes | 14
12 |
25 | [233] | ||
Late Period (c. 722 – 332 BC) | |||||||||
26 | Iufaa | Abydos | NYC, Metropolitan Museum of Art | Limestone,
paint |
Yes | 27.2
26.4 |
35.5 | [234][235] | |
26 | Nesnubhotep | Abydos | London, Petrie Museum | Limestone | Yes | 35 | [236][237] [238] | ||
26 | Wedjahor | Abydos | London, British Museum | Limestone | Yes | 48.5 | 58 | [239][240] | |
26 | Pedesi (Petisis) | Abydos | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Limestone | Yes | [241][242] [243] | |||
26 | Khepri | Abydos | Trieste, Civico Museo di Storia Naturale | Limestone | Yes | 23.5 | 37 | [244][245] | |
26 | Nesipakashuty, Vizier | Abydos | Glasgow, Burrell Collection | Limestone | Yes | 25.6
21.9 |
38.5 | [246][247] | |
26 | Hr-zi-ist | Yes | [248][249] | ||||||
26 ? | Esnubhotp | Abydos | Cairo, Egyptian Museum | Stone | Yes | 40 | [250][251] | ||
26 ? | Djedhor | Abydos | Paris, Louvre | Limestone | Yes | 39.4
38.3 |
35.5 | [252][253] | |
30 ? | Abydos | Avignon, Calvet Museum | [254] | ||||||
30 or later | Rer and Nitokris | Abydos | St. Petersburg, Hermitage Museum | Limestone,
paint |
Yes | 36.5 | 44 | [255][256] [257][258] | |
Late | Horemakhbit | Abydos | Paris, Louvre | Limestone | Yes | 36 | 34 | [259][260] | |
Late | Padipahernefer | Abydos ? | Paris, Louvre | Limestone | Yes | 29 | 33 | [261] | |
Late | Edinburgh, National Museum of Scotland | Limestone | [262] | ||||||
Late | Nespemede | Abydos | Destroyed in WWII ? | Yes | 26 | [263][264] | |||
Late | Pakhnum | Abybos | Durham University | Limestone | Yes | 25.2
25 |
35.7 | [265][266] [267] | |
Late | Harhotep, Head Dancer of Bastet | [268][269] | |||||||
Unknown date | |||||||||
Abydos | Abydos ? | Gray granite | No | 47
35 |
45 | [270] | |||
Abydos | Gray granite | No | 62
41 |
49 | [271] | ||||
Image | Dyn | Associated name(s) | Findspot | Current location | Material(s) | Deco | Base | Hgt | Ref |
in cm |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Stadelamnn, Rainer (1998). Royal Tombs from the Age of the Pyramids. p. 60.
- ^ Rossi, Corinna (1999). "Note on the Pyramidion Found at Dahshur". The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. 85: 219–222. doi:10.2307/3822438. hdl:11311/1003821. JSTOR 3822438.
- ^ Hawass, Zahi (1995). "The Discovery of the Pyramidion of the Satellite Pyramid of Khufu". Varia Aegyptiaca. 10 (2–3): 105–124.
- ^ a b c d Jánosi 1992.
- ^ Lehner, Mark (2005). "Labor and the Pyramids: The Heit el-Ghurab "Workers Town" at Giza". International Scholars Conference on Ancient Near Eastern Economies. 5: 465.
- ^ Jéquier, Gustave (1928). La pyramide d'Oudjebten (in French). pp. 4–5, 16, fig. 15 (p.18).
- ^ Arnold 1992, p. 27.
- ^ Arnold 1992, p. 32-33.
- ^ Petrie, Flinders (1923). Lahun II. pp. 4, pl. XXIV.
- ^ "Fragments of the pyramidion of king Senusret II, Petrie Museum (UC6545)".
- ^ Schäfer, Heinrich (1863). "Die Spitze der Pyramide König Amenemhets III". Zeitschrift für ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde (in German). 41: 84–85.
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 589 (JE 35133, JE 35745).
- ^ Petrie, Flinders (1912). The Labyrinth Gerzeh and Mazghuneh. British school of archaeology in Egypt. pp. 35, Pl. XXVII.
- ^ "Model of Hawara pyramid, Petrie Museum (UC14793)".
- ^ Lehner 1997, p. 186.
- ^ a b Jéquier 1933.
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 426 (JE 53045).
- ^ "Two Pyramidions of the 13th Dynasty from Ezbet Rushdi El-Kebira (Khatacna)". Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Egypte. Vol. 52. Le Caire, Impr. de l'Institut français d'archéologie orientale. 1954. pp. 471–479.
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 606 (JE 43267).
- ^ Lehner 1997, p. 187.
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 427 (JE 54855, JE 54855).
- ^ "Pyramidion of King Intef, British Museum (EA478)".
- ^ Polz 2010, p. 349.
- ^ Polz 2010, p. 348.
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 94 (Doc. 96).
- ^ Malek 1990, p. 180-181, Plate XVIII (E 3926).
- ^ Harvey, Stephen P. (2006). "The Last Egyptian Queen's Pyramid: New Discoveries at Abydos, Egypt" (PDF). The Oriental Institute: News & Notes (Winter): 21.
- ^ "Pyramidion of Iniuia, Louvre (D 14 ; N 355 ; CC 320 ?)".
- ^ Schneider, Hans D.; Martin, Geoffrey T.; Van Dijk, Jacobus; Aston, Barbara Greene; Perizonius, Rutger; Strouhal, Eugen (1993). "The Tomb of Iniuia: Preliminary Report on the Saqqara Excavations, 1993". The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. 79: 1–9. doi:10.2307/3822154. JSTOR 3822154.
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 54 (Doc. 50).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 3.
- ^ "Pyramidion vom Grab des Ptah-mose, Egyptian Museum of Berlin (ÄM 2276)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 3 (Doc. 1).
- ^ "Pyramidion, Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum (RC-1726)".
- ^ "Teil eines Pyramidions, Egyptian Museum of Berlin (ÄM 14123)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 6 (Doc. 3).
- ^ "Pyramidion, Musées royaux d'Art et d'Histoire (E.00276)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 7 (Doc. 4).
- ^ Schiaparelli 1887, p. 420, 1675. (2610).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 14 (Doc. 11).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 30 (Doc. 28).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 1221 (13.1.25.1).
- ^ "Piramidion van Amenhotep, Rijksmuseum van Oudheden (AM 6-b)". 28 August 2018.
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 35 (Doc. 33).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 23 (Doc. 20).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 467 (JE 41665).
- ^ "Pyramidion, British Museum (EA477)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 42 (Doc. 38).
- ^ "Piramidion van Ptahemwia, Rijksmuseum van Oudheden (AM 7bis)". 28 August 2018.
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 38 (Doc. 35).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 53 (Doc. 49).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Imenemheb, Louvre (AF 2984)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 64 (Doc. 59).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Pay, Louvre (D 21 ; N 362)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 59 (Doc. 55).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Kha, Louvre (E 13988)". 1391.
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 66 (Doc. 61).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Hori, Seattle Art Museum (48.186)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 69 (Doc. 64).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 87 (Doc. 82).
- ^ Stevens; Dolling (2009). "The Stone Village". Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. 95: 20-21 (obj. 39433).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Raia, Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien (INV 5908)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 78 (Doc. 71).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Mahu, National Museums Scotland (A.1907.683)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 11 (Doc. 8).
- ^ Mariette 1880, p. 558-559 (1432).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 24 (Doc. 21).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 875 (JE 48840).
- ^ a b Steindorff 1937, p. 62.
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 27 (Doc. 25).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 1221 (5.1.15.12).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 81 (Doc. 74).
- ^ Malek 1990, p. 182-184, Plate XIX.
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 94 (Doc. 95).
- ^ Steindorff 1937, p. 61 (S 48).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 95 (Doc. 97).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 32 (Doc. 30).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 1221 (17.5.25.5).
- ^ "Discovery of the pyramid of a Ramses II Vizier at Luxor".
- ^ Lehner 1997, p. 192-193.
- ^ Málek, Jaromír (1974). "Two Monuments of the Tias". The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. 60: 161–167. doi:10.2307/3856183. JSTOR 3856183.
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 93 (Doc. 94).
- ^ "Pyramidion des Mes, Roemer- und Pelizaeus-Museum Hildesheim (PM 2129)".
- ^ Roeder, Günther (1921). Die Denkmäler des Pelizaeus-Museums zu Hildesheim (in German). p. 129(2129)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 17 (Doc. 14).
- ^ "Limestone pyramidion, Fitzwilliam Museum (E.1.1827)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 8 (Doc. 5).
- ^ "Pyramidion, Louvre (E 30433)". April 1295.
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 68 (Doc. 63).
- ^ Schiaparelli 1887, p. 420-421, 1676. (2608).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 12 (Doc. 9).
- ^ a b Myśliwiec 1978.
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 18 (Doc. 15).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 548 (CG 17109, JE 8371).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 21 (Doc. 18).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 833 (JE 35634).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 22 (Doc. 19).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 1072 (JE 40282).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 26 (Doc. 23).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 176 (JE 56354).
- ^ Steindorff 1937, p. 62 (S 65).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 26 (Doc. 24).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 1078 (5.1.15.11).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 28 (Doc. 27).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 548 (7.11.24.1).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 33 (Doc. 31).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 177 (20.2.24.1).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 34 (Doc. 32) (Leningrad 19491).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Neferronpet, National Museum Liverpool (M11015)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 39 (Doc. 36).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Hornefer, British Museum (EA479)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 42 (Doc. 39).
- ^ "Pyramidion, British Museum (EA58519)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 49 (Doc. 45).
- ^ "Pyramidion, Petrie Museum (UC14574)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 50 (Doc. 46).
- ^ "Pyramidion, Petrie Museum (UC14647)".
- ^ "New Kingdom (about 1550-1069 BC) tombs at Gurob: pyramidia".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 52 (Doc. 47).
- ^ Petrie, Flinders (1890). Kahun, Gurob, and Hawara.
- ^ "Pyramidion, Petrie Museum (UC14648)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 52 (Doc. 48).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Pyay, Louvre (D 19)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 57 (Doc. 53).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Ramose, Museo Egizio, Turin (Cat. 1603)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 70 (Doc. 65).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 71 (Doc. 66) (Cat. 1622).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 80 (Doc. 73).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 82 (Doc. 75).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 85 (Doc. 80).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 87 (Doc. 83).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 88 (Doc. 85).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Ptahmose, British Museum (EA1742)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 92 (Doc. 93).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 96 (Doc. 98).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 96 (Doc. 99).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 96 (Doc. 100).
- ^ Steindorff 1937, p. 62 (SA 6).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 98 (Doc. 102).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Meri-imen Ra-mesu, Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien (INV 209)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 75 (Doc. 70).
- ^ "Pyramidion, Louvre (D 16 ; N 357)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 56 (Doc. 52).
- ^ "Pyramid, Penn Museum (69-29-186)".
- ^ "Pyramidion of Tjeper, National Museums Scotland (A.1903.331.9)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 10 (Doc. 7).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 20 (Doc. 17).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 901 (JE 32020).
- ^ "Pyramidion, British Museum (EA468)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 41 (Doc. 37).
- ^ "Pyramidion, British Museum (EA707)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 45 (Doc. 41).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Taya, Louvre (D 20 ; N 361)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 58 (Doc. 54).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Khonsouhetep, Louvre (D 43 ; E 149 ; N 5409 ; Clot bey C 13 n°6)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 62 (Doc. 57).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Pagerger, Louvre (D 44 ; N 363 ; LP 14 ; Comte d'Hauterive n°506)". 1295.
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 63 (Doc. 58).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Aamakt, Louvre (E 13987)".
- ^ Bruyère, Bernard (1929). "Rapport sur les fouilles de Deir el Médineh (1928)". FIFAO (in French). 6: 95–96.
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 65 (Doc. 60).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Ipy, Louvre (E 14392 BIS ; E 14402 (?))".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 67 (Doc. 62).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Tourbay, Louvre (E 14396)". 1295.
- ^ Bruyère, Bernard (1937). "Rapport sur les fouilles de Deir el Médineh (1933-1934). Première partie. La nécropole de l'Ouest". Fouilles de l'Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale (in French). 14: 27–31, pl. VIII-IX.
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 73 (Doc. 68).
- ^ Bosticco, Sergio (1953). "Notizia della raccolta di antichità egiziane Carlo Grassi entrata nel Museo Gregoriano". Aegyptus. 33 (2): 211 (248.). JSTOR 41215461 – via JSTOR.
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 74 (Doc. 69).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 84 (Doc. 77).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 87 (Doc. 84).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 85 (Doc. 79).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 88 (Doc. 86).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 89 (Doc. 87).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 89 (Doc. 88).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 98 (Doc. 103).
- ^ "Limestone pyramidion of the God's Adorer ʒst, British Museum (EA1742)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 47 (Doc. 43).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 83 (Doc. 76).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 85 (Doc. 78).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Nebseny, Louvre (D 15 ; N 356)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 55 (Doc. 51).
- ^ "Faience pyramidion, Louvre (E 5963)".
- ^ Roeder, Günther (1913). Aegyptische Inschriften aus den Königlichen Museen zu Berlin. Vol. 2. Leipzig, Hinrichs. pp. 400–401.
- ^ Erman 1899, p. 158 (13456).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 4 (Doc. 2).
- ^ Malek 1990, p. 183-184.
- ^ "An Egyptian Limestone Pyramidion inscribed for Bekenamun, New Kingdom, 1540-1075 B.C. - Sotheby's".
- ^ Mariette 1880, p. 560-561 (1434).
- ^ De Meulenaere 1968, p. 2 (Doc. 2).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 875 (JE 19776).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 9 (Doc. 6) (A.A.d.20).
- ^ Schiaparelli 1887, p. 421-423, 1677. (2609).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 13 (Doc. 10).
- ^ Schiaparelli 1887, p. 423-424, 1678. (2611).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 15 (Doc. 12).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 16 (Doc. 13) (Heidelberg 33).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 25 (Doc. 22).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 548 (JE 48841).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 27 (Doc. 26).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 1221 (6.1.15.1).
- ^ Mariette 1880, p. 559-560 (1433).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 31 (Doc. 29).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 875 (17.5.25.2).
- ^ "Piramidion van Paoety, Rijksmuseum van Oudheden (AM 7-c)". 28 August 2018.
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 37 (Doc. 34).
- ^ "Pyramidion, British Museum (EA493)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 44 (Doc. 40).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Buqentef, British Museum (EA1685)".
- ^ Hall (1922). Hieroglyphic texts from Egyptian stelae, etc., in the British Museum. pp. Plate 50.
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 47 (Doc. 42).
- ^ "Pyramidion, British Museum (EA40958)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 48 (Doc. 44).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 72 (Doc. 67) (Cat. 6162).
- ^ Wiedemann, A. (1894). "Egyptian Monuments at Dorpat". Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology (PSBA). 16: 154.
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 79 (Doc. 72).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 86 (Doc. 81).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 90 (Doc. 89).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 90 (Doc. 90).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 91 (Doc. 91).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 91 (Doc. 92).
- ^ Steindorff 1937, p. 62 (SA x).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 97 (Doc. 101).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 98 (Doc. 104).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 99 (Doc. 105).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 100 (Doc. 106).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. (Doc. 107).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 177 (JE 28947).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 901 (JE 32021).
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 19 (Doc. 16).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 760 (30.10.26.1).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Bennebensekhaf, Louvre (D 42 ; AF 34 ; E 3118 ? ; Anastasi n°114)".
- ^ Rammant-Peeters 1983, p. 60 (Doc. 56).
- ^ "Pyramidion, National Museum Liverpool (M11018)".
- ^ "Pyramidion of Iufaa, Metropolitan Museum of Art (21.2.66)".
- ^ De Meulenaere 1968, p. 11-12 (Doc. 11), pl. V.
- ^ "Pyramidion of Nesnubhotep, Petrie Museum (UC 14649)".
- ^ "Pyramidion of Nesnubhotep, Petrie Museum (UC 14649)".
- ^ De Meulenaere 1968, p. 7-8 (Doc. 7).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Wedjahor, British Museum (EA1482)".
- ^ De Meulenaere 1968, p. 13-15 (Doc. 13), pl. VI.
- ^ De Meulenaere 1968, p. 1.
- ^ Mariette 1880, p. 561-562 (1435).
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 865 (15.3.25.6).
- ^ Dolzani, Claudia (1950). "Monumenti egiziani in pietra del Civico Museo di Storia ed Arte di Trieste". Aegyptus. 30 (2): 226–228, Fig. 8. JSTOR 41215316.
- ^ De Meulenaere 1968, p. 4-5 (Doc. 5).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Nesipakashuty, Burrell Collection, Glasgow (13.176)".
- ^ De Meulenaere 1968, p. 2-4 (Doc. 3), pl. I.
- ^ Jansen-Winkeln, Karl (2014). Inschriften der Spätzeit (in German). Vol. 4. p. 1008.
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 1221 (12.3.25.5).
- ^ De Meulenaere 1968, p. 8-9 (Doc. 8), pl. III.
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 901 (5.1.15.13).
- ^ "Pyramidion of Djedhor, Louvre (D 18 ; N 359)". April 0664.
- ^ De Meulenaere 1968, p. 10-11 (Doc. 10).
- ^ De Meulenaere 1968, p. 9-10 (Doc. 9), pl. IV.
- ^ Lieblein, Jens (1873). Die aegyptischen Denkmäler in St. Petersburg, Helsingfors, Upsala und Copenhagen (in German). pp. 11–12, pl. II.
- ^ De Meulenaere 1968, p. 5-7 (Doc. 6), pl. II (Leningrad 2260).
- ^ Golénischeff (1891). Inventaire de la collection égyptienne (in French). pp. 325–326.
- ^ De Meulenaere 1968, p. 5-7 (Doc. 6), pl. II.
- ^ "Pyramidion of Horemakhbit, Louvre (D 17 ; N 358)".
- ^ De Meulenaere 1968, p. 12-13 (Doc. 12).
- ^ "Late period pyramidion, Louvre (D 45 ; E 5383)". April 0664.
- ^ "Pyramidion, National Museums Scotland (A.1906.443.45)".
- ^ Erman 1899, p. 268 (2090).
- ^ De Meulenaere 1968, p. 4 (Doc. 4).
- ^ Birch, Samuel (1880). Catalogue of the collection of Egyptian antiquities at Alnwick Castle. London. pp. 326–327.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Pyramidion, Durham University (DUROM.U10840)".
- ^ De Meulenaere 1968, p. 15-16 (Doc. 14), pl. VII.
- ^ Rammant-Peeters; Quaegebeur (1982). "Le pyramidion d'un «Danseur en chef» de Bastet". Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta (OLA) (in French). 13: 179–206, Pl. XV.
- ^ Malek 2011, p. 1221 (11.1.25.1).
- ^ Mariette 1880, p. 562 (1436).
- ^ Mariette 1880, p. 562 (1437).
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