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Lady of the Bedchamber

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The Countess of Airlie returns to Buckingham Palace in a carriage in 2008, having attended the State Opening of Parliament in her capacity as Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen Elizabeth II (a position she had held since 1973).

Lady of the Bedchamber is the title of a lady-in-waiting holding the official position of personal attendant on a British queen regnant or queen consort. The position is traditionally held by the wife of a peer.[1] A lady of the bedchamber would give instructions to the women of the bedchamber on what their queen wished them to do, or may carry out those duties herself.

The equivalent title and office has historically been used in most European royal courts (Dutch: Dames du Palais; French: Dames or Dame de Palais; German: Hofstaatsdame or Palastdame; Italian: Dame di Corte; Russian: Hofdame or Statsdame; Spanish: Dueña de honor; Swedish: Statsfru).

History

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Lucy Hay, Countess of Carlisle, Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen Henrietta Maria.

In the Middle Ages, Margaret of France is noted to have had seven ladies of the bedchamber: the three married ones were called dominæ and the four unmarried ones were known as maids of honour.[2] Their task was simply to act as the companions (see lady's companion) and personal attendants to the royal woman.

In a description from 1728, the task of the ladies of the bedchamber was to act as the go-between for the queen and the women of the bedchamber, who had the task to wait upon the queen by helping her wash, dress and undress, and so forth.[3] A woman of the bedchamber worked independently from a lady of the bedchamber and did not take orders from her. However, if a lady of the bedchamber was present, a woman of the bedchamber would always defer to her.[3] If a lady of the bedchamber was present when a woman of the bedchamber arrived to dress the queen, for example, she would not dress the queen herself, but instead give the garments to the lady of the bedchamber, who in turn helped the queen put it on. The procedure was the same in other issues.[3]

The post of a lady of the bedchamber was considered prestigious, and the appointments have therefore been subjected to controversies. Queen Anne appointed Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough, to this position; the Duchess was widely considered an influential royal favourite. In 1839, concerns that Queen Victoria was determined to surround herself with wives of Whig politicians led to the Bedchamber crisis, preventing the installation of a Tory government under Robert Peel.

Ladies of the bedchamber to the queens of England

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This is an incomplete list of those who have served as Lady of the Bedchamber in the English royal household. In Tudor England, the lady of the Bedchamber was often called Lady of the Privy Chamber.

Catherine of Aragon, 1509–1536

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Anne Boleyn, 1533–1536

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Jane Seymour, 1536–1537

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Anne of Cleves, 1540–1540

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Catherine Howard, 1540–1541

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Mary I, 1553–1558

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Elizabeth I, 1558–1603

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Anne of Denmark, 1603–1619

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Anne of Denmark was Queen Consort to James I of England.

Henrietta Maria of France, 1625–1649

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Henrietta Maria was Queen Consort to Charles I of England. Queen Henrietta Maria had a French Household when she first arrived in England in 1625, and it was not until her French entourage was sent home in 1626-1627 that her English Household was fully installed.[4]

Catherine of Braganza, 1662–1692

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Catherine of Braganza was Queen Consort to Charles II of England

Mary of Modena, 1673–1688

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Mary of Modena was Queen Consort to James II of England

Mary II, 1689–1694

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Ladies of the bedchamber to the queens of Great Britain

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Anne, 1702–1714

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Caroline of Ansbach, 1714–1737

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Caroline of Ansbach was Queen Consort to George II of Great Britain[9][10]

Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 1761–1818

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Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz was Queen Consort to King George III of Great Britain[11]

Ladies of the bedchamber to the queens of the United Kingdom

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Caroline of Brunswick, 1795–1821

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Caroline of Brunswick was the wife of George, Prince of Wales, Prince Regent and from 1820 Queen Consort to George IV of the United Kingdom. They separated in 1796 and she died in 1821.

Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, 1830–1837

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Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen was Queen Consort to William IV of the United Kingdom[14]

Victoria, 1837–1901

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Alexandra of Denmark, 1901–1925

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Alexandra of Denmark was Queen Consort to Edward VII of the United Kingdom

Mary of Teck, 1901–1953

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Mary of Teck was Queen Consort to George V of the United Kingdom

Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, 1937–2002

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Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon was Queen Consort to George VI of the United Kingdom

Elizabeth II, 1953–2022

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Allison, Ronald; Riddell, Sarah, eds. (1991). The Royal Encyclopedia. London: Macmillan. p. 307.
  2. ^ Thoms, William J. (1844). The Book of the Court: Exhibiting the History, Duties, and Privileges of the English Nobility and Gentry. Particularly of the Great Officers of State and Members of the Royal Household (2nd ed.). London: H. G. Bohn. p. 349.
  3. ^ a b c Bucholz, R. O., ed. (2006). "The bedchamber: Women of the Bedchamber 1702–1714". Office-Holders in Modern Britain: Volume 11 (Revised), Court Officers, 1660–1837. London: University of London. pp. 24–25. Retrieved 17 August 2016 – via British History Online.
  4. ^ Wolfson, S. J. (2013). "The Female Bedchamber of Queen Henrietta Maria: Politics, Familial Networks and Policy, 1626–40". In The Politics of Female Households. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004258396_014
  5. ^ Wolfson, S. J. (2013). "The Female Bedchamber of Queen Henrietta Maria: Politics, Familial Networks and Policy, 1626–40". In The Politics of Female Households. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004258396_014
  6. ^ Mosley, Charles, editor. Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes. Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003. vol 2. Page 3208
  7. ^ a b c d e f http://courtofficers.ctsdh.luc.edu/MaryII.list.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  8. ^ Agnes Strickland; Elizabeth Strickland (28 October 2010). Lives of the Queens of England from the Norman Conquest. Cambridge University Press. pp. 461–. ISBN 978-1-108-01977-4.
  9. ^ "Household of Princess Caroline 1714-27". Institute of Historical Research. Archived from the original on 2007-03-15. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  10. ^ "Household of Queen Caroline 1727–37". Institute of Historical Research. Archived from the original on 2007-03-15. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  11. ^ "Household of Queen Charlotte 1761–1818". Institute of Historical Research. Archived from the original on 2007-03-15. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  12. ^ a b c d The Lady's Magazine Or Entertaining Companion for the Fair Sex ..., Volume 26. p. 157.
  13. ^ Marlow, Joyce (1975). The uncrowned queen of Ireland : the life of Kitty O'Shea. Internet Archive. New York : Saturday Review Press. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-8415-0374-8.
  14. ^ "Household of Queen Adelaide 1830–37". Institute of Historical Research. Archived from the original on 2007-03-17. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  15. ^ Taylor, Richard Vickerman (1865). The biographia Leodiensis; or, Biographical sketches of the worthies of Leeds and neighbourhood. [With]. p. 394.
  16. ^ "Household of Queen Victoria". Institute of Historical Research. Archived from the original on 2007-03-17. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
  17. ^ a b c d e f "No. 27292". The London Gazette. 8 March 1901. p. 1648.
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