Kirkuk–Ceyhan Oil Pipeline
| Kirkuk–Ceyhan Oil Pipeline | |
|---|---|
 Location of Kirkuk–Ceyhan Oil Pipeline | |
| Location | |
| Country | Iraq, Turkey |
| General direction | east-west |
| From | Kirkuk, Iraq |
| To | Ceyhan, Turkey |
| General information | |
| Type | oil |
| Commissioned | 1970 |
| Technical information | |
| Length | 600 mi (970 km) |
| Maximum discharge | 1.6 million barrels per day (250×103 m3/d) |
The Kirkuk–Ceyhan Oil Pipeline, also known as the Iraq–Turkey Crude Oil Pipeline, is a 600-mile-long (970 km) pipeline that runs from Kirkuk in Iraq to Ceyhan in Turkey. It is Iraq's largest crude oil export line.
Technical description
[edit]The pipeline consists of two pipes with diameters of 46 inches (1,170 mm) and 40 inches (1,020 mm) and designed capacity of 1,100 thousand and 500 thousand barrels per day (~5.5×107 and ~2.5×107 t/a) respectively. Usable capacity of the line is believed to be only 300 thousand barrels per day (~1.5×107 t/a), with significant repairs still required.[1]
Incidents of sabotage
[edit]The line's Iraqi part has been a principal sabotage target since 2003.[2] On 26 October 2009, the blast near Mosul halted oil supplies through the pipeline.[3] On 16 August 2013, at around 0100 GMT near the al-Shura area 60 km to the south of the city of Mosul a bomb attack damaged the pipeline.[4] On 3 September 2013, at around 0200 GMT near Ein al-Jahash area, a bomb attack damaged the pipeline.[5]
Pipeline
[edit]In 2013, the Kurdistan Regional Government of Iraq completed a pipeline from the Taq Taq oil field through Khurmala (the northwest sector dome of the greater Kirkuk field) and Dahuk to Pesh Khabur (Fesh Khabur) on the Turkey-Iraq border, where it is connected to the Kirkuk-Ceyhan pipeline. This 36-inch (910 mm) diameter pipeline has capacity of 150,000 barrels per day (24,000 m3/d). It allows the export of oil from the Taq Taq and Tawke oil fields.[6] On 23 May 2014, the Kurdistan Regional Government announced that the first oil transported via the new pipeline was loaded into a tanker at Ceyhan.[7]
In March 2023, the International Chamber of Commerce ruled that the pumping agreement between the Kurdistan Region and the Turkish government was illegal, causing the pumping of petroleum products to and from the Kurdistan Region to cease.[8]
New pipeline proposal
[edit]In 2014 Iraq was considering building a new Kirkuk–Ceyhan pipeline to bypass attack-prone areas and double the export capacity.[9]
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ "Gulf states mull over Hormuz bypass". Upstream Online. NHST Media Group. 2007-05-11. Retrieved 2008-03-08.
- ^ "Explosion at fuel pipeline west of Baghdad". USA Today. 2003-06-22. Retrieved 2008-03-08.
- ^ "Blast rocks Kirkuk export link". Upstream Online. NHST Media Group. 2009-10-28. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
- ^ "Iraq-Turkey oil pipeline bombed: officials". Reuters. 2013-08-16.
- ^ "Bomb attack halts Kirkuk-Ceyhan pipeline crude flow". The Peninsula Qatar (newspaper). Dar Al-Sharq. 2013-09-03. Archived from the original on 2013-09-03. Retrieved 2013-09-03.
- ^ "Operations in Kurdistan Region of Iraq". Genel Energy. Archived from the original on 2014-06-12. Retrieved 2014-06-14.
- ^ "KRG statement on first oil sales through pipeline export" (Press release). Kurdistan Regional Government. 2014-05-23. Archived from the original on 2014-07-15. Retrieved 2014-06-14.
- ^ Rasheed, Ahmed; Edwards, Rowena (2023-03-25). "Iraq halts northern crude exports after winning arbitration case against Turkey". Reuters.
- ^ Coskun, Orhan (2014-04-09). "Iraq wants to raise Kirkuk-Ceyhan oil flow above 1 mln bpd-minister". Reuters. Archived from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved 2014-06-16.