J. Michael Kosterlitz
Michael Kosterlitz | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Kosterlitz at Nobel press conference in Stockholm, Sweden, December 2016 | |
| Born | John Michael Kosterlitz June 22, 1943[3] Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom |
| Nationality | British |
| Citizenship | United States |
| Alma mater |
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| Known for | Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition KTHNY theory |
| Awards |
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| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Condensed matter physics |
| Institutions | Brown University University of Birmingham Cornell University |
| Thesis | Problems in strong interaction physics (1969) |
| Academic advisors | David Thouless (postdoc) |
| Website | vivo |
John Michael Kosterlitz (born June 22, 1943) is a Scottish-American physicist. He is a professor of physics at Brown University[4] and the son of biochemist Hans Kosterlitz. He was awarded the 2016 Nobel Prize in physics along with David Thouless and Duncan Haldane for work on condensed matter physics.[1]
Education and early life
[edit]He was born in Aberdeen, Scotland,[5] to German-Jewish émigrés, the son of the pioneering biochemist[6] Hans Walter Kosterlitz and Hannah Gresshöner. He was educated independently at Robert Gordon's College before transferring to the Edinburgh Academy to prepare for his university entrance examinations.[7] He received his BA degree, subsequently converted to an MA degree, at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge.[5] In 1969, he earned a DPhil degree[8] from the University of Oxford as a postgraduate student of Brasenose College, Oxford.[5]
Career and research
[edit]After a few postdoctoral positions, including positions at the University of Birmingham, collaborating with David Thouless,[5] and at Cornell University,[5] he was appointed to the faculty of the University of Birmingham in 1974,[5] first as a lecturer and, later, as a reader. Since 1982, he has been professor of physics at Brown University. Kosterlitz is currently[when?] a visiting research fellow at Aalto University in Finland[citation needed] and since 2016 a distinguished professor at Korea Institute for Advanced Study.
Kosterlitz does research in condensed matter theory, one- and two-dimensional physics; in phase transitions: random systems, electron localization, and spin glasses; and in critical dynamics: melting and freezing.[citation needed]
Awards and honours
[edit]Michael Kosterlitz was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2016, “for theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter”;[9] the Maxwell Medal and Prize from the British Institute of Physics in 1981, and the Lars Onsager Prize from the American Physical Society in 2000, especially, for his work on the Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition. Since 1992, he has been a Fellow of the American Physical Society.[10]
The Kosterlitz Centre at the University of Aberdeen is named in honour of his father, Hans Kosterlitz, a pioneering biochemist specializing in endorphins, who joined the faculty after fleeing Nazi persecution of Jews in 1934.[11]
Personal life
[edit]Kosterlitz was a pioneer in Alpine climbing in the 1960s, known for working routes in the UK, Italian Alps, and Yosemite.[12] There is 6a+ graded route bearing his name in the Orco Valley of the Italian Alps named Fessura Kosterlitz.[13] Kosterlitz is an American citizen and is an atheist.[14] He was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in 1978.[15]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b Gibney, Elizabeth; Castelvecchi, Davide (2016). "Physics of 2D exotic matter wins Nobel: British-born theorists recognized for work on topological phases". Nature. 538 (7623). London: Springer Nature: 18. Bibcode:2016Natur.538...18G. doi:10.1038/nature.2016.20722. PMID 27708331.
- ^ "Lars Onsager recipient 2000, John Michael Kosterlitz Brown University". aps.org. American Physical Society.
- ^ "J. Michael Kosterlitz - Facts". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2016-11-02.
- ^ "Kosterlitz Research profile at Brown University". brown.edu. Brown University.
- ^ a b c d e f "Two former Birmingham scientists awarded Nobel Prize for Physics". University of Birmingham. 4 October 2016. Retrieved 4 October 2016.
- ^ Anatomy of a Scientific Discovery: The Race to Find the Body's Own Morphine, by Jeff Goldberg, Skyhorse Publishing, Inc., 13 Dec 2013, Brain Soup
- ^ Davidson, Peter (12 December 2016). "Aberdeen-born Academic Picks Up Nobel Prize for Physics". Evening Express. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
- ^ Kosterlitz, John Michael (1969). Problems in strong interaction physics (DPhil thesis). University of Oxford. EThOS 711269.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Devlin, Hannah; Sample, Ian (2016-10-04). "British trio win Nobel prize in physics 2016 for work on exotic states of matter – live". the Guardian. Retrieved 2016-10-04.
- ^ "APS Fellow Archive". www.aps.org. Retrieved 2022-08-11.
- ^ "Launch of Kosterlitz Centre in Aberdeen 2010". abn.ac.uk. University of Aberdeen.
- ^ "Mike Kosterlitz 2016 Nobel Prize Winner". alpine-club.org.uk. Alpine Club. 15 October 2016.
- ^ "British Climber Michael Kosterlitz awarded Nobel Prize in Physics". ukclimbing.com. UK Climbing 10/2016. 5 October 2016.
- ^ “J. Michael Kosterlitz - Biographical.” Nobelprize.org, . "I was a nominal church going Christian until I left home for Cambridge University on a scholarship when, to my great relief, I could drop all religion and become my natural atheist self...My wife and I finally became citizens of the USA in 2004."
- ^ “J. Michael Kosterlitz - Biographical.” Nobelprize.org, . "It turned out I did indeed suffer from MS."
External links
[edit]
Media related to Michael Kosterlitz at Wikimedia Commons- J. Michael Kosterlitz on Nobelprize.org
- 1943 births
- Living people
- 20th-century American Jews
- 20th-century American physicists
- 21st-century American Jews
- 21st-century American physicists
- Academics of the University of Birmingham
- Alumni of Brasenose College, Oxford
- Alumni of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge
- American atheists
- American Nobel laureates
- American people of German-Jewish descent
- American people of Scottish-Jewish descent
- British Nobel laureates
- British physicists
- Brown University faculty
- Fellows of the American Physical Society
- Jewish American atheists
- Jewish American physicists
- Maxwell Medal and Prize recipients
- Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
- Nobel laureates in Physics
- People educated at Edinburgh Academy
- People educated at Robert Gordon's College
- Scientists from Aberdeen
- Scottish atheists
- Scottish emigrants to the United States
- 21st-century Scottish Jews
- Scottish Nobel laureates
- Scottish people of German-Jewish descent
- British secular Jews
- 20th-century Scottish Jews