Police forces of the states and union territories of India

State and Union Territory Police Forces of India
State and Union Territory Police Forces of India
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdiction	India
Primary governing body	State / Union Territory Government of the respective States and Union Territories of India
Secondary governing body	Government of India
Constituting instrument	Police Act, 1861;
General nature	Civilian police;
Operational structure
Agency executive	Director general of police, (Head of the police department);
Parent agency	Department of Home of the Respective States and Union Territories of India.

In India, the police forces of the states and union territories are responsible for law enforcement in the states and union territories. Police and Public Order are State subjects under the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India.^[1]

History

The Police Act of 1861 established the principles of organization for police forces in India and, with minor modifications, continues in effect. Although state police forces are separate and may differ in quality of equipment and resources, their patterns of organization and operation are similar.

Organisation

State Police Force

Authority over a State Police Force is held by the State's Home Department, led by a chief or principal secretary (generally an Indian Administrative Service officer). Each state has a state police force (headed by a director general of police, an Indian Police Service officer), which is responsible for maintaining law and order in the state's townships and rural areas.

The state police is headed by an Indian Police Service officer with the rank of Director General of Police (DGP), assisted by one or more Additional Directors General of Police (ADGs). Other DG rank officers head autonomous bodies not controlled by the DGP, such as the police recruitment board, fire service and police training. State forces are organised into zones, which consist of two (or more) ranges. Important zones are headed by an additional director general of police, and other zones are headed by an Inspector General of Police (IG). Ranges consist of several districts. Important ranges are headed by an IG, and other ranges are headed by a Deputy Inspector General of Police (DIG)

Important districts are headed by a senior Superintendent of Police (SSP), and other districts are headed by a superintendent of police (SP). If an SSP is heading the district, they are assisted by two (or more) SPs. If an SP is heading the district, they are generally assisted by one or two ASPs. Each district is divided into sub-divisions or circles, under a Deputy Superintendent of Police (DSP). Each sub-division consists of several police stations commanded by an Inspector of Police, who is assisted by sub-inspectors (SIs) and Assistant Sub-Inspectors (ASIs). In rural areas, a sub-inspector is in charge of a police station; sub-inspectors (and higher) can file a charge sheet in court.

District SPs have discretionary powers and oversee subordinate police stations, criminal-investigation detachments, equipment storehouses and armories, and traffic police. But District SPs are not empowered as executive magistrates. The district magistrate (DM, an IAS officer) exercises these powers, which include promulgating Section 144 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) and issuing arms licenses.

Union Territory Police Force

Authority over a Union Territory Police Force is held by the Ministry of Home Affairs (India), led by the Home Minister (India) and secondarily by the Administrator/Lieutenant Governor (generally an Indian Administrative Service/Indian Police Service officer) of their respective Union Territory. Each UT has a UT Police Force (headed by a Director General of Police/Inspector General of Police, an Indian Police Service officer), which is responsible for maintaining law and order in the state's townships and rural areas. Big UTs are divided into Zones, each zone is headed by IGP and whole UT is headed by DGP, but Small UTs are only divided into districts, each district is headed by SP and whole UT is headed by IGP. But the Case is different in the Commissionerate System.

Working Conditions

Working conditions and pay are poor, especially in the lower echelons. Recruits receive about ₹27,000 per month. Opportunities for promotion are limited because of the system of horizontal entry into higher grades.^{[clarification needed]} Allegations of bribery, attributable to low pay and poor working conditions, have been widespread.^{[citation needed]} A 2016 article on the Maharashtra state police describes why reform is needed.^[2]

Women in Indian Police Forces

Women have entered into the higher echelons of Indian police in greater numbers since the late 1980s, primarily through the Indian Police Service system. Female officers were first used in 1972, and a number of women hold key positions in state police organizations. Their absolute numbers, however, are small. Uniformed and undercover women police officers have been deployed in New Delhi as the Anti-Eve Teasing Squad, which combats the sexual harassment of women ("Eves"). Several women-only police stations have been established in Tamil Nadu to handle sex crimes against women.

Recruitment

The central government civil servants of Group 'A' under Indian Police Service cadre are recruited through civil services examination conducted by Union Public Service Commission. They command and provide leadership to the State and UT Police Forces.

The state government civil servants of Group 'B' under State Police Services cadre are recruited by combined competitive examination conducted by State Public Service Commission.

The state government civil servants of Group 'C' and Group 'D' of State Police cadre are recruited by subordinate services examination conducted by State Public Service Commission.

The central government civil servants of Group 'B' under Union Territory Police Service cadre are recruited by civil services examination conducted by Union Public Service Commission.

The central government civil servants of Group 'C' and Group 'D' of Union Territory Police cadre are recruited by combined graduate level examination and common entrance test conducted by Staff Selection Commission and National Recruitment Agency.

Uniforms

Uniforms of state and local police vary by grade, region, and type of duty. The main service uniform for state police is khaki. Some city forces, such as the Kolkata Police, wear white uniforms. Headgear differs by rank and state; officers usually wear a peaked cap, and constables wear berets or sidecaps.^[3]

Services such as the Central Bureau of Investigation do not wear a uniform instead business dress (shirt, tie, blazer, etc.) is worn with a badge.

Special-service armed police have tactical uniforms in accordance with their function, and traffic police generally wear a white uniform.^{[citation needed]}

Training, Infrastructure

West Bengal, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra have taken steps to train their police forces by advanced police-training schools such as Scotland Yard, the Atlanta Police Department and the World Police Academy in Canada. The Tamil Nadu Police Academy is seeking university status, and the Kerala Police is South Asia's first police force to adopt community policing.^{[citation needed]}

List of Police Training Institutions of States and UTs

Sr No.	State/UT	Sr No.	Police Training Institutions	Head
1	Andhra Pradesh
		PTCs - A	Police Training College, Anantapur	SP/Principal
		B	Police Training College, Ongole	Addl. SP/Principal
		C	Police Training College, Kalyanidam, Tirupati	Addl. SP/Principal
		D	Police Training College, Cantonment, Vizianagaram (VZM)	Addl. SP/Principal
		DTCs - A	District Training Centre, Anatapur	Addl. SP/Principal
		B	District Training Centre, Chittoor	Addl. SP/Principal
		C	District Training Centre, Rajahmundry	SP Urban Police District/Principal
		D	District Police Training Centre, Guntur	Addl. SP/Principal
		E	District Training Centre, Kadapa	Addl. SP/Principal
		F	District Training Centre, Tapasipudi (V), Machilipatnam (M), Krishna (D)	Addl. SP/Principal
		G	District Training Centre, Kurnool	Principal
		H	District Training Centre, Chemudugunta (V), Venkatachalam (M), Nellore (D)	Addl. SP/Principal
		I	District Training Centre, Kothamamidipalem Road, Ongole, Prakasam District.	Addl. SP/Principal
		K	District Training Centre, Srikakulam	Addl. SP/Principal
		L	District Training Centre, Vizianagaram	Addl. SP/Principal
		M	District Training Centre, Bakkannapalem, Visakhapatnam Dist.	Addl. SP/Principal
		N	District Training Centre, West Godavari District.	Addl. SP/Principal
		CTCs - A	City Training Centre, Vijayawada	CP/Principal
		B	City Training Centre, VSP City	Addl. DCP/Principal
		BTCs - A	Battalion Training Centre, 2nd Bn, APSP, Kurnool.	Commandant/Principal
		A	Battalion Training Centre, 3rd Bn, APSP, Kakinada, East Godavari District, A.P.	Commandant/Principal
		B	Battalion Training Centre, 5th Bn, APSP, Chintalavasa (V), Denkada (M), Vizianagaram (D)	Commandant/Principal
		C	Battalion Training Centre, 6th Bn, APSP, Mangalagiri, Guntur District.	Commandant/Principal
		D	Battalion Training Cente, 9th Bn, APSP, Vallivedu (V), Venkatagiri (M), SPSR Nellore District	Commandant/Principal
		E	Battalion Training Centre, 11th Bn, APSP, Bhakarapet, Kadapa, Y.S.R. District.	Commandant/Principal
2	Arunachal Pradesh	A	Police Training Centre, Banderdewa, Distt- Papum Pare, Arunachal Pradesh	Principal, Police Training Centre/SP
3	Assam	A	Police Training College, Dergaon, Dist: Golaghat, Assam	Principal
		B	Battalion Training Centre, Dergaon, Dist: Golaghat, Assam	Commandant
		C	Armed Police Training Centre, Dergaon, Dist: Golaghat, Assam	Commandant
		D	Recruit Training Centre, Dergaon, Dist‐ Golaghat, Assam	Commandant
		E	APRO Training School, Jalukbari
4	Bihar	A	Bihar Police Academy, Computer Bhawan,Beli Road, Patna (Bihar)	DGP/Assistant Director
		B	Constable Training School Nathnagar, Bhagalpur, Bihar	Principal
		C	Constable Training School Simultalla, Junai	Commandant and Assistant Principal
		D	Bihar Military Police Training Centre, Dumraon	Commandant and Assistant Principal
5	Chhattisgarh	A	State Police Academy Chandkhuri, Raipur.	Director
		B	PTS Rajnandgaon
		C	PTS Mana, Distt Raipur
		D	PTS Mainpat, Distt Sarguja
		E	CTJW, Kanker
		F	CIAT, Rajnandgaon
		G	CIAT, Jagdalpur
		H	CIAT, Chandkhuri, Raipur
		I	CIAT, Bilaspur
		J	IED School, Raipur
		K	APTS Jagdalpur
		L	PTC Borgaon
6	Goa	A	Police Training School, Valpoi, Sattari, Goa.	Superintendent of Police/Principal
7	Gujarat	A	Gujarat Police Academy, Karai, Gandhinagar	Director, Gujarat Police Academy, Karai
		B	Police Training School, Lalbaug Vadodara.	Principal, Police Training School, Vadodara.
		C	Police Training College, Bilkha Road, Junagadh	Principal
		D	State Reserve Police Training Centre, Chowky Sorath Jetpur Road, Junagadh	Principal
		E	Commando Training Centre, Khalal
		F	Chelbhai Dave Police Training College, Junagadh	Deputy Superintendent of Police & Principal
		G	Police Training School, Vadodara	Inspector General of Police & Principal
8	Haryana	A	Basic Trg. Centre, Bhanu, Panchkula, Haryana
		B	Haryana Police Academy, Madhuban, Karnal	Director
		C	Police Training College, Sunariya, Rohtak	Addl. Director General of Police/Director
		D	Recruit Training Centre, Bhondsi, Gurgaon	Addl. Director General of Police
9	Himachal Pradesh	A	Police Training College, Daroh District Kangra, HP
		B	Ist IRBn Bangarh, Training School
		C	2nd IRBn Sakoh, Training School
		D	3rd IRBn Pandoh, Training School
10	Jharkhand	A	Jharkhand Police Academy, Hazaribagh	DIGP (Trg)/Vice Principal
		B	Jharkhand Armed Police Training Centre, Padma, Distt: Hazaribagh	SP
		C	Jungle Warfare School, Netarhat, Distt: Latehar	SP
		D	Traffic and Transport School, Jamshedpur.	Dy. SP/Vice Principal
		E	I.T.S Ranchi Jhakhand
		F	CIAT School Netharhat
11	Karnataka	A	Police Training College, Naganahalli, Gulbarga (Kalaburagi)	SP and Principal
		B	Police Driving & Maintenance School, Yelahanka, Bangalore	SP
		C	Karnataka Police Academy, Mysuru	Inspector General of Police and Director
		D	Prison Training Institute, Mysuru	Principal (Superintendent of Prisons)
		PTS - A	Karnataka State Police Training School, Channapatna, Ramanagar District
		B	Armed Police Training School, Yelahanka
		C	Police Training School, Khanapur, Belgaum	SP & Principal
		D	Police Training School, Hubli-Dharwad
		E	Police Training School, Kaduru
		F	Police Training School, Aimangala
		G	Police Training School, Mysuru
		H	Police Training School, Hassan
		I	Police Training School, Thanisandra
		J	KSRP Training School, Munirabad
		K	KSRP Training School, Kangrali, Belagavi
12	Kerala	A	Police Training College Thycaud, Thiruvananthapurm, Kerala	Principal (Superintendent of Police)
12	Kerala	B	Kerala Police Academy (KEPA), Thrissur	Director (ADGP, Training)
13	Madhya Pradesh	A	JawaharLal Nehru Police Academy, Sagar	Director/Addl. DGP
		B	Police Training University, Indore
		C	S.B. Training Institute, Bhopal
		D	MP Police Academy Bhouri Bhopal
		E	Police Vahan Prasikshan Shala, Naubasta, Rewa
		PTS - A	Police Training School, Tighra, Gwalior(M.P.)	Supdt. Of Police
		B	Police Training School, (Dog), Bhopal
		C	Police Training School, Pachmarhi	SP
		D	Police Training School, Ujjain	SP
		E	Police Training School, Umariya	SP
		F	Police Training School, Rewa	SP
		G	Police Training School, Makroniya, Sagar	SP
		H	Police Radio Training School, Indore	Director (IGP)
		I	6th Bn PTS, SAF, Jabalpur
		J	PTS, 13bn SAF, Gwalior
		K	PTS (MT), Bhopal
		L	7th Bn Band, Training School, Bhopal
		PTC - A	Rustamji Armed Police Training College, Indore	Addl. Director General of Police
		B	Police Training College, Indore	SP
14	Maharashtra	A	Police Training Centre, Surendra Nagar, Nagpur	Principal (Supdt. Of Police)
		B	Police Training Centre, Khandala. Tal.-Maval, Distt- Pune.	Principal
		C	Maharashtra Police Academy, Nashik
		D	Police Training Centre, Marol, Mumbai
		E	Police Training Centre, Nanveej, Daund, Pune
		F	Police Training Centre, Solapur
		G	Police Training Centre, Jalna
		H	Police Training Centre, Babhalgaon, Latur
		I	Police Training Centre, Akola
		J	Police Training Centre, Turchi, Tasgaon, Sangli
		K	Police Training Centre, Dhule
		L	Detective Traingin School, Nashik
		M	Centre For Police Research, Pune
15	Manipur	A	Manipur Police Training College
16	Meghalaya	A	Police Training School, Mawroh, Mawlai, Shillong	Principal
		B	1st MLP Bn. Armed Police Training Centre, Mawiong, Mawlai, Shillong	Commandant
		C	2nd MLP Bn. Armed Police Training Centre, Goeragre, Tura	Commandant
		D	4th MLP Bn. Armed Police Training Centre, Sohpian Nongstoin, West Khasi Hills, Meghalaya	Commandant
17	Mizoram	A	Police Training School, Thenzawl, Mizoram (Police Training Centre, Lungverh was shifted to Thenzawl and upgraded to Police Training School on 20.12.2012)	Principal, Police Training School, Thenzawl.
18	Nagaland	A	Nagaland Police Training School	Principal
		D	Nagaland Armed Police training Centre	Commandant (NAPTC)
		C	Counter Insurgency Anti Terrorist School (Ruzaphema)	Director CIATS (Ruzaphema)
19	Odisha	A	Police Training School, Nayagarh	Principal
		B	Biju Patnaik State Police Academy, Ranasinghpur, Sarkantara, Bhubaneswar
		C	Police Training College, Angul
		D	Police Training Institute, Bairi
		E	Urban Police & Traffic Training Institute, Bhubneswar
		F	Basic Training Institute Burla, Sambalpur
		G	Armed Police Training Centre, Jharsugada
		H	SOG Training & Research Cente, Chandaka, Bhubneswar
		I	Counter Insurgency - Anti Terrorist School, Chandaka Bhubneswar
		J	Counter Insurgency - Anti Terrorist School, Koraput
		K	SOG Training and Research Centre, Koraput
		L	Counter Insurgency - Anti Terrorist School, Rourkela
20	Punjab	A	Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Punjab Police Academy, Phillaur.	Addl. Director General of Police
		B	Commando Training Centre, Fort Bahadurgarh, Patiala.	Commandant
		C	In-Service training Centre, Kapurthala	Commandant
		D	P.A.P. Training Centre, Jalandhar Cantt.	Commandant
		E	I.R.Bns Training Centre, Sangrur	Commandant
		F	Police Recruits Training Centre, Jahan Khelan, Hoshiarpur (Punjab)	Commandant
21	Rajasthan	A	Rajasthan Police Academy, Nehru Nagar, Jaipur	Director
		B	Rajasthan Police Training Centre, Mandor Road, Jodhpur	Principal
		C	Police Training School, Mandor road, Jodhpur	Commandant (ASP)
		D	Police training School, Kishangarh, Ajmer	Commandant
		E	Police training School, Kherwara, Udaypur	Commandant
		F	Police Training School, Jhalawar	Commandant
		G	Police Motor Driving School, Bikaner	Commandant
		H	Police Training School, Alwar
		I	Police Training School, Bharatpur
		J	Police Commando Training School, Jodhpur
		K	Police Training School, Bikaner
22	Sikkim	A	Police Training Centre, Yangang, South Sikkim	Supdt. Of Police
22	Sikkim	B	Sikkim Armed Police, Pangthang
23	Tamil Nadu	A	Tamil Nadu Police Academy, Vandalur, Chennai.
		B	Police Training College
		C - PRS	Police Recruit School (PRS), Avadi
		D	PRS, Coimbare
		E	PRS, Madurai
		F	PRS, Salem
		G	PRS, Trichy
		H	PRS, Thoothukudi
		I	PRS, Vellore
		J	PRS, Villupuram
		K - ISTC	In Service Training centre (ISTC) East
		L	ISTC, West
		M	ISTC, Kancheepuram
		N	ISTC, Villupuram
		O	ISTC, Vellore
		P	ISTC, Trichy
		Q	ISTC, Tirinelveli
		R	ISTC, Madurai
		S	ISTC, Dindigul
		T	ISTC, Ramand
		U	ISTC, Thanjavur
		V	ISTC, Coimbatore
		W	ISTC, Salem
24	Telangana	A	Raja Bahadur Venkat Rama Reddy (RBVRR) A.P. Police Academy, Himayat Sagar, Hyderabad	Addl. Director General of Police and Director
		PTCs - A	Police Training College, Amberpet, Hyderabad.	SP/Principal
		B	Police Training College, Ramnagar, Karimnagar.	Addl. SP/Principal
		C	Police Training College, Warangal	SP/Principal
		DTCs - A	District Police Training Centre, Adilabad beside Dist. Jail, Adilabad.	Addl. SP/Principal
		B	District Police Training Centre, Karimnagar	Addl. SP/Principal
		C	District Training Centre, Khammam	Addl. SP/Principal
		D	District Training Centre, Jadcherla, Mahabubnagar	Addl. SP(Admn)/Principal
		E	District Training Centre, Medak at Chidruppa (V), Sangareddy (M), Medak	Addl. SP/Principal
		F	District Training Centre, Ramnagar, Nalgonda	Addl. SP/Principal
		G	District Training Centre, Nazamabad, Janakampet (V), Yedpally (M), Nizamabad (D)	Addl. SP/Principal
		H	District Training Centre, Madikonda, Warangal Rural	Addl. SP/Principal
		I	District Training Centre, Ranga Reddy	Addl. SP/Principal
		CTCs - A	City Training Centre, Cyberabad	DCP, Crimes, Cyberabad/Principal
		B	City Training Centre, Hyderabad	Jt. Commissioner of Police/Principal
		BTCs - A	Battalion Training Centre, 1st Bn, TSSP, Yousuf Guda, Hyderabad	Commandant/Principal
		B	Battalion Training Centre, 4th Bn, TSSP, Mamnoor Lines, Warangal	Commandant/Principal
		C	Battalion Training Centre, 7th Bn, TSSP, Dichpally, Nazamabad District	Commandant/Principal
		D	Battalion Training Centre, 8th Bn, TSSP, Kondapur, Ranga Reddy	Commandant/Principal
		E	Battalion Training Centre, 10th Bn, TSSP, Beechpally, Thimmapur (Post), Itikyal (M), Mahaboobnagar District	Commandant/Principal
		F	Battalion Training Centre, 12th Bn, TSSP, Anneparty (V), Nalgonda (M), Nalgonada (D)	Commandant/Principal
		G	Battalion Training Centre, 13th Bn, TSSP (IR), Gudipet, Adilabad	Commandant/Principal
		H	Battalion Training Centre, SAR CPL, Amberpet, Hyderabad.	Commandant/Principal
25	Tripura	A	CIAT School, Kachucherra, Dhalai, Tripura	Commandant
		B	KTD Singh Police Training Academy Tripura	Principal
		C	A.Ch. Rama Rao Tsr Training Center, R.K. Nagar, Khayerpur, Agartala, WEST Tripura District, Tripura
		D	Central Training Institute (HG&CD), East Gakulnagar, Sepahijala District, Tripura
26	Uttar Pradesh	A	RTC 24th Battalion PAC. 24th Battalion PAC Moradabad U.P.	Commandant
		B	Police Training College, Bichhiya, Gorakhpur.	ADGP/Principal
		C	Sh. RaghuveerLal, ShahidGulab Singh Lodhi, Police Training Centre, Unnao.	DIG(Trg.)
		D	Police Training Degree College, Moradabad
		E	Police Training Degree College, Sitapur
		F	Armed Police Training Degree College, Sitapur
		G	Police Training College, Moradabad
		H	Police Training College, Meerut
		I	Armed Police Training College, Mirzapur
27	Uttarakhand	A	Police Training College, Narendranagar	DIG
		B	Armed Training Centre, Haridwar	Commandant
		C	Recruit Training Centre, Dehradun	SSP
		D	Recruit Training Centre, Rudrapur	Commandant
28	West Bengal	A	Police Training School, Kolkata	Assistant Commissioner of Police
		B	Swami Vivekananda State Police Academy, Barrackpore, Mangal Pandey Uddyan, Kolkata	Principal
		C	Subsidiary Training Centre, State Armed Police 4th Bn, Kasba, P.O. Debinagar, P.S. Raigunj, Dist. Uttar Dinajpur.	Principal
		D	Subsidiary Training Centre, State Armed Police 9th Bn, Krishnanagar, Nadia, West Bengal	Principal
		E	Subsidiary Training Centre, Eastern Frontier Rifles, Salua, Paschim Medinipore	Principal
		F	Police Training School, Salua, Paschim Medinipur
		G	STC, SAP 13th Bn., Barjora, Bankura
		H	STC, SAP 12th Bn., Dabgram, Jalpaiguri
		I	STC, SAP 1ST Bn. Barrackpore
29	Andaman and Nicobar Islands	A	Police Training School, Prothrapur, Brichgunj (PO), Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Islands	Principal (PTS)/Superintendent of Police
30	Chandigarh	A	Recruits Training Center
31	Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu	A	Police Training School, Saily
32	Delhi NCT	A	Delhi Police Training College, Jharoda Kalan, New Delhi	Principal
		B	Police Training School, Wazirabad, Delhi
		C	Police Training School, Sec. 09, Dwarka, Delhi
		D	Specialized Training Centre, Rajender Nagar
		E	Academy for Smart Policing, Chanakya Puri
33	Jammu & Kashmir	A	Sher-I-Kashmir Police Academy, Udhampur	Director(IGP)
		B	Police Training School, Kathua	SP/ Principal
		C	Police Training School, Manigam, Ganderbal	SP/ Principal
		D	Police Technical Training Institute, Vijaypur, Samba	SP/ Principal
		E	Subsidiary Training Centre, Sheeri, Baramulla	SP/ Principal
		F	Subsidiary Training Centre, Talwara, Reasi	SP/ Principal
		G	Commando Training Centre, Lethpora, Pulwama	SP/ Principal
34	Ladakh
35	Lakshadweep
36	Puducherry	A	Police Training School, Puducherry

Police Infrastructure

List of State Police Housing Corporations

Sr No.	State/UT	State Police Housing Corporation	YEAR OF CREATION OF HOUSING CORPORATION
1	Andhra Pradesh	Andhra Pradesh State Police Housing Corporation Limited	1971
2	Arunachal Pradesh	Arunachal Pradesh State Police Housing and Welfare Corporation Limited	2005
3	Assam	Assam State Police Housing Corporation Limited	1980
4	Bihar	Bihar Police Building Construction Corporation Limited	1974
5	Chhattisgarh	Chhattisgarh State Police Housing Corporation Limited	2011
6	Goa
7	Gujarat	Gujarat State Police Housing Corporation Limited	1988
8	Haryana	Haryana State Police Housing Corporation Limited	1989
9	Himachal Pradesh	Himachal Pradesh State Police Housing Corporation Limited^[4]	NA
10	Jharkhand	Jharkhand State Police Housing Corporation Limited	2002
11	Karnataka	Karnataka State Police Housing Corporation Limited	1985
13	Kerala	Kerala State Police Housing & Construction Corporation Limited	1999
14	Madhya Pradesh	Madhya Pradesh Police Housing and Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited	1981
15	Maharashtra	Maharashtra State Police Housing and Welfare Corporation Limited	1974
16	Manipur	Manipur State Police Housing Corporation Limited	1986
17	Meghalaya		NP
18	Mizoram		NP
19	Nagaland		1968
20	Odisha	Odisha State Police Housing and Welfare Corporation Limited	1980
21	Punjab	Punjab State Police Housing Corporation Limited	1989
22	Rajasthan	Rajasthan State Police Housing & Construction Corporation Limited	2013
23	Sikkim		NP
24	Tamil Nadu	Tamil Nadu State Police Housing Corporation Limited	1981
25	Telangana	Telangana State Police Housing Corporation Limited	2015
26	Tripura		NP
27	Uttar Pradesh	Uttar Pradesh State Police Housing Corporation Limited	1986
28	Uttarakhand		NP
29	West Bengal	West Bengal Police Housing and Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited	1993
29	Andaman & Nicobar Islands		NP
30	Chandigarh		NP
31	Dadra & Nagar Haveli & Daman & Diu		NP
32	Delhi	Delhi Police Housing Corporation Limited	2007
33	Jammu & Kashmir	Jammu and Kashmir Police Housing Corporation Limited	1997
34	Ladakh		NA
35	Lakshadweep		NA
36	Puducherry		NA

Police Communication Facilities

List of Police Communication Facilities
Sr No.	State/UT	Facilities
1	Andhra Pradesh	Andhra Pradesh Police Communication
2	Arunachal Pradesh	Arunachal Pradesh Police Telecommunication
3	Assam	Assam Police Radio Organisation
4	Bihar	Bihar Police Radio Organisation
5	Chhattisgarh	Chhattisgarh Police Radio Organisation
6	Goa	Goa Police Communication and Wireless Section
7	Gujarat	Gujarat Police Wireless Department
8	Haryana	Haryana Police Telecommunication
9	Himachal Pradesh	Himachal Pradesh Directorate of Police Telecommunication
10	Jharkhand	Jharkhand Police Wireless Department
11	Karnataka	Karnataka Police Wireless Department
12	Kerala	Kerala Police Telecommunication
13	Madhya Pradesh	MP Police Telecommunications Cell
14	Maharashtra	Maharashtra Police Wireless Department
15	Manipur	Manipur Police Telecommunication Organisation
16	Meghalaya	Meghalaya Police Radio Organisation
17	Mizoram	Mizoram Police Radio Organisation
18	Nagaland	Nagaland Police Telecommunications Organisation
19	Odisha	Odisha Police Communication Wing
20	Punjab	Punjab Police Information Technology & Telecommunication
21	Rajasthan	Rajasthan Police Telecommunication Branch
22	Sikkim	Sikkim Police Communication Branch
23	Tamil Nadu	Tamil Nadu Police Telecommunication Wing
24	Telangana	Telangana Police Communication
25	Tripura	Tripura Police Communication Wing
26	Uttar Pradesh	Uttar Pradesh Police Telecommunication
27	Uttarakhand	Uttarakhand Police Telecommunication
28	West Bengal	West Bengal Police Telecommunication • Kolkata Police Wireless Branch
29	Andaman & Nicobar Islands	Andaman and Nicobar Police Communications Department
30	Chandigarh	Chandigarh Police Telecommunication
31	Dadra & Nagar Haveli & Daman & Diu
32	Delhi	Delhi Police Police Telecommunication
33	Jammu & Kashmir	Jammu and Kashmir Police Telecommunication
34	Ladakh
35	Lakshadweep	Lakshadweep Police Wireless Branch
36	Puducherry	Puducherry Police Wireless Branch

List of State Police Forces of India

SrNo	State	Police Force
1	Andhra Pradesh	Andhra Pradesh Police
2	Arunachal Pradesh	Arunachal Pradesh Police
3	Assam	Assam Police
4	Bihar	Bihar Police
5	Chhattisgarh	Chhattisgarh Police
6	Goa	Goa Police
7	Gujarat	Gujarat Police
8	Haryana	Haryana Police
9	Himachal Pradesh	Himachal Pradesh Police
10	Jharkhand	Jharkhand Police
11	Karnataka	Karnataka Police
12	Kerala	Kerala Police
13	Madhya Pradesh	Madhya Pradesh Police
14	Maharashtra	Maharashtra Police
15	Manipur	Manipur Police
16	Meghalaya	Meghalaya Police
17	Mizoram	Mizoram Police
18	Nagaland	Nagaland Police
19	Odisha	Odisha Police
20	Punjab	Punjab Police
21	Rajasthan	Rajasthan Police
22	Sikkim	Sikkim Police
23	Tamil Nadu	Tamil Nadu Police
24	Telangana	Telangana Police
25	Tripura	Tripura Police
26	Uttar Pradesh	Uttar Pradesh Police
27	Uttarakhand	Uttarakhand Police
28	West Bengal	West Bengal Police

List of Union Territory Police Forces of India

SrNo	Union Territory	Police Force
1	Andaman and Nicobar Islands	Andaman Nicobar Islands Police
2	Chandigarh	Chandigarh Police
3	Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu	Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu Police
4	Delhi	Delhi Police
5	Jammu and Kashmir	Jammu and Kashmir Police
6	Ladakh	Ladakh Police
7	Lakshadweep	Lakshadweep Police
8	Puducherry	Puducherry Police

Police Commissionerates

Some major metropolitan cities use the police commissionerate system (like Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Lucknow etc.), headed by a Police Commissioner. Demand for this system is increasing as it gives police a free hand to act freely and take control of any situation. According to BPRD India, 65 large cities and suburban areas currently have this system. Even in British Raj, the presidency towns of Calcutta, Bombay and Madras had commissionerate system. Reporting to the Police Commissioner(CP) are the Joint Police Commissioner(Joint CPs), Deputy Commissioner of Police(DCPs) and Assistant Commissioner of Police(ACPs). Commissioners of police and their deputies are empowered as executive magistrates to enforce Section 144 of the CrPC and issue arms licenses.

List of Police Commissionerates in India

State and UT Armed Police Forces

In most states and territories, police forces are divided into civil (unarmed) police and armed contingents. Civil police staff police stations, conduct investigations, answer routine complaints, perform traffic duties, and patrol the streets. They usually carry lathis: bamboo staffs, weighted (or tipped) with iron.

Armed police are divided into two groups: district armed police and the Provincial Armed Constabulary (Pradeshik). District armed police are organized like an army infantry battalion. Assigned to police stations, they perform guard and escort duties. Each state police force maintains an armed force, with names such as Provincial Armed Constabulary (PAC) and Special Armed Police, which is responsible for emergencies and crowd control. They are generally activated on orders from a Deputy Inspector General or higher-level authorities. States which maintain armed contingents use them as an emergency reserve strike force. The units are organized as a mobile armed force under state control or, in the case of district armed police (who are not as well equipped), as a force directed by district superintendents and generally used for riot control.

The Provincial Armed Constabulary is an armed reserve maintained at key locations in some states and activated on orders from the deputy inspector general and higher-level authorities. Armed constabulary are not usually in contact with the public unless they are assigned to VIP duty or maintaining order during fairs, festivals, athletic events, elections, and natural disasters. They may be sent to quell outbreaks of student or labour unrest, organized crime, and communal riots; to maintain key guard posts, and to participate in anti-terrorism operations. Depending on the assignment, the Provincial Armed Constabulary may only carry lathis.

List of State Armed Police Forces

Sr No.	State	Sr No.	State Armed Police Forces
1	Andhra Pradesh	A	Andhra Pradesh Special Police
		•	District Armed Reserve Police
		B	Indian Reserve Battalion
2	Arunachal Pradesh	A	Arunachal Pradesh Armed Police
2	Arunachal Pradesh	B	Indian Reserve Battalion
3	Assam	A	Assam Police Battalion
3	Assam	B	Indian Reserve Battalion
4	Bihar	A	Bihar Military Police
5	Chhattisgarh	A	Chhattisgarh Armed Police
6	Goa	A	Indian Reserve Battalion
7	Gujarat	A	Gujarat State Reserve Police Force
8	Haryana	A	Haryana Armed Police
8	Haryana	B	Indian Reserve Battalion
9	Himachal Pradesh	A	Indian Reserve Battalion
10	Jharkhand	A	Jharkhand Armed Police
10	Jharkhand	B	Indian Reserve Battalion
11	Karnataka	A	Karnataka State Reserve Police
		•	District Armed Reserve (DAR)
		•	City Armed Reserve (CAR)
		2.	Indian Reserve Battalion
		3.	Karnataka Mounted Police
12	Kerala	A	Kerala Armed Police
		B	Malabar Special Police
		C	Kerala Special Armed Police
		C	Rapid Response and Rescue Force - RRRF
		D	Kerala Armed Women Police Battalion
		E	Indian Reserve Battalion
		F	Kerala Mounted Police
13	Madhya Pradesh		Madhya Pradesh Special Armed Police
14	Maharashtra		Maharashtra State Reserve Police Force
15	Manipur	A	Manipur Rifles
15	Manipur	B	Indian Reserve Battalion
16	Meghalaya	A	Meghalaya Police Battalion
16	Meghalaya	B	Indian Reserve Battalion
17	Mizoram	A	Mizoram Armed Police
17	Mizoram	B	Indian Reserve Battalion
18	Nagaland	A	Nagaland Armed Police
18	Nagaland	B	Indian Reserve Battalion
19	Odisha		Odisha Special Armed Police
20	Punjab	A	Punjab Armed Police
20	Punjab	B	Indian Reserve Battalion
21	Rajasthan	A	Rajasthan Armed Constabulary
		B	Maharana Pratap Indian Reserve Battalion ^[5]
		C	Hadi Rani Mahila Ballation
		D	Mewar Bhil Corps
22	Sikkim	A	Sikkim Armed Police^[6]
22	Sikkim	B	Indian Reserve Battalion
23	Tamil Nadu	A	Tamil Nadu Special Police
23	Tamil Nadu	B	Indian Reserve Battalion
24	Telangana	A	Telangana State Special Police
24	Telangana	B	Indian Reserve Battalion
25	Tripura	A	Tripura State Rifles^[7]
		B	Tripura Special Armed Force
		C	Indian Reserve Battalion
26	Uttar Pradesh	A	Uttar Pradesh Provincial Armed Constabulary
27	Uttarakhand		Uttarakhand Provincial Armed Constabulary
28	West Bengal	A	West Bengal Armed Police
		B	Eastern Frontier Rifles
		C	Kolkata Armed Police

Indian Reserve Battalion

The Indian Reserve Battalion is an elite unit trained to deal with a specific situation. It is a type of Armed Police Force that has been sanctioned to States and Union Territories.

List of UT Armed Police Forces

Sr No.	Union Territory	Sr No.	UT Armed Police Forces
1	Andaman and Nicobar Islands	A	Andaman and Nicobar Armed Police
1	Andaman and Nicobar Islands	B	Indian Reserve Battalion
2	Chandigarh		Indian Reserve Battalion
3	Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu		Indian Reserve Battalion
4	Delhi		Delhi Armed Police
5	Jammu and Kashmir	A	Jammu and Kashmir Armed Police
5	Jammu and Kashmir	B	Indian Reserve Battalion
6	Ladakh		Ladakh Armed Police
7	Lakshadweep		Indian Reserve Battalion
8	Puducherry	A	Puducherry Armed Police
8	Puducherry	B	Indian Reserve Battalion

State and UT VIP Security Forces

State and UT Armed Police Forces are also assigned with the VIP Security along with CAPFs. They are also assigned the security of important places such as State Legislative Buildings, High Courts, Raj Bhavans, Raj Niwas, Administrator Office, Secretariats,etc.

Special Units

These are specialized Police units created for some specific purposes such as counter-insurgency, counter-naxalites Operations, etc. They are trained for different purposes such as Jungle Warfare, Mountain Warfare, etc.

List of State/UT Special Police Forces

Sr No.	State/Union Territory	Sr No.	Special Forces
1	Andhra Pradesh	A	Greyhounds (Police)
1	Andhra Pradesh	B	Organisation for Counter Terrorist Operations (OCTOPUS)
2	Arunachal Pradesh	A	Arunachal Pradesh STF
3	Assam	A	Assam Commando Battalion (Black Panthers)
		B	APTF
		C	Assam STF
4	Bihar	A	Patna Police SWAT Team
4	Bihar	B	Bihar ATS
5	Chhattisgarh	A	District Reserve Guard
		•	Danteshwari Ladake
		B	Chhattisgarh ATS
6	Goa
7	Gujarat	A	Gujarat Police Chetak Commando Force
7	Gujarat	B	Gujarat ATS
8	Haryana	A	Haryana Police SWAT Team
8	Haryana	B	Haryana Police Tiger Commando Unit
9	Himachal Pradesh
10	Jharkhand	A	Jharkhand ATS
10	Jharkhand	B	Jharkhand Jaguar Commando Force
11	Karnataka	A	Karnataka Police Garuda Commando Force
11	Karnataka	B	Karnataka Anti Naxal Force
12	Kerala	A	Kerala Thunderbolts^[3]
		B	Kerala Anti-Terrorism Squad (ATS)
			Special Operation Group (SOG)
			Kerala Anti Naxal Force
			Avengers (Urban Commando Wing)
			Scorpions (Regular Wing )
13	Madhya Pradesh	A	Madhya Pradesh Police Hawk Commandos
13	Madhya Pradesh	B	Madhya Pradesh ATS
14	Maharashtra	A	Force One (Mumbai Police)
		B	Mumbai Police Emergency Response Team (ERT)
		C	C-60 Commando Force
		D	Maharashtra ATS
15	Manipur		Manipur Police Commandos
16	Meghalaya		SF-10 Commando Force
17	Mizoram		Mizoram Police SWAT Team
18	Nagaland		Nagaland Special Task Force
19	Odisha	A	Odisha Police SOG
		•	Special Tactical Unit (STU)
		B	District Voluntary Force (DVF)
20	Punjab	A	Punjab Police SWAT Team
20	Punjab	B	Punjab Commando Police
21	Rajasthan	A	Rajasthan Police Emergency Response Team (ERT)
		B	Rajasthan ATS
		C	Special Operations Group (SOG)
22	Sikkim		Sikkim Special Task Force
23	Tamil Nadu		Tamil Nadu Commando Force (TNCF)
24	Telangana	A	Greyhounds (Police)
24	Telangana	B	Organisation for Counter Terrorist Operations (OCTOPUS)
25	Tripura
26	Uttar Pradesh	A	UP SWAT Team
		B	UP ATS
		C	Special Police Operations Team/Special Operation Group(SPOT/SOG)
		D	UP STF
27	Uttarakhand		Uttarakhand ATS
28	West Bengal	A	STRACO Force
		B	Counter Insurgency Force
		C	Commando Force
		D	West Bengal ATS
29	Delhi NCT	A	Delhi Police Special Cell
29	Delhi NCT	•	Delhi Police SWAT Team
30	Jammu and Kashmir		J&K Special Operations Group (Jammu and Kashmir)

State Disaster Response Forces

State Disaster Response Force(SDRF)

The National Policy on Disaster Management 2009 requires the state governments in India to raise their own forces for rapid disaster response.^[8] As a result, following SDRF Units has been created So far.

List of State Disaster Response Forces (SDRF)

Sr No.	State	SDRF
1	Andhra Pradesh	Andhra Pradesh SDRF
2	Arunachal Pradesh	Arunachal Pradesh SDRF
3	Assam	Assam SDRF
4	Bihar	Bihar SDRF
5	Chhattisgarh	Chhattisgarh SDRF
6	Goa	Goa SDRF
7	Gujarat	Gujarat SDRF
8	Haryana	Haryana SDRF
9	Himachal Pradesh	Himachal Pradesh SDRF
10	Jharkhand	Jharkhand SDRF
11	Karnataka	Karnataka SDRF
12	Kerala	Kerala SDRF
13	Madhya Pradesh	Madhya Pradesh SDRF
14	Maharashtra	Maharashtra SDRF
15	Manipur	Manipur SDRF
16	Meghalaya	Meghalaya SDRF
17	Mizoram	Mizoram SDRF
18	Nagaland	Nagaland SDRF
19	Odisha	Odisha DRAF
20	Punjab	Punjab SDRF
21	Rajasthan	Rajasthan SDRF
22	Sikkim	Sikkim SDRF
23	Tamil Nadu	Tamil Nadu SDRF
24	Telangana	Telangana SDRF
25	Tripura	Tripura SDRF
26	Uttar Pradesh	Uttar Pradesh SDRF
27	Uttarakhand	Uttarakhand SDRF
28	West Bengal	West Bengal DMG^[9]

State Industrial Security Forces

State Industrial Security Force is a type of State Armed Police Force, created on the lines of Central Industrial Security Force to protect the airports, factories, etc. of state importance.

List of State Industrial Security Forces

Sr No.	State	SISF
1	Andhra Pradesh
2	Arunachal Pradesh
3	Assam	Assam Industrial Security Force
4	Bihar	Bihar Special Armed Police Force
5	Chhattisgarh
6	Goa
7	Gujarat	Gujarat Industrial Security Force
8	Haryana	Haryana Industrial Security Force
9	Himachal Pradesh
10	Jharkhand	Jharkhand Industrial Security Force
11	Karnataka	Karnataka State Industrial Security Force (KSISF)
12	Kerala	Kerala State Industrial Security Force (SISF)
13	Madhya Pradesh	Madhya Pradesh State Industrial Security Force
14	Maharashtra	Maharashtra Security Force
15	Manipur
16	Meghalaya
17	Mizoram
18	Nagaland
19	Odisha	Odisha Industrial Security Force
20	Punjab
21	Rajasthan
22	Sikkim
23	Tamil Nadu	Tamil Nadu Industrial Security Force (TISF) (In Proposal) ^[10]
24	Telangana
25	Tripura
26	Uttar Pradesh	Uttar Pradesh Special Security Force (UPSSF) ^[11]
27	Uttarakhand
28	West Bengal

Fire Service, Home Guard, Civil Defence

Home Guards

Police in the States and UTs are assisted by units of volunteer Home Guards under guidelines formulated by the Ministry of Home Affairs.

List of FS, CD, HG

Sr No.	State	FS, CD, HG
1	Andhra Pradesh	Andhra Pradesh State Disaster Response and Fire Services Department
2	Arunachal Pradesh	Arunachal Pradesh Fire & Emergency Services
3	Assam	Assam Fire & Emergency Services
3	Assam	Assam Civil Defence & Home Guards
4	Bihar	Bihar Home Guards
4	Bihar	Bihar Fire Services
5	Chhattisgarh	Chhattisgarh Home Guard & Civil Defence
5	Chhattisgarh	Chhattisgarh Fire & Emergency Services
6	Goa	Goa Home Guard & Civil Defence
6	Goa	Directorate of Fire and Emergency Services, Goa
7	Gujarat	Gujarat Fire Service
8	Haryana	Haryana Fire Service
8	Haryana	Haryana Home Guards & Civil Defence
9	Himachal Pradesh	Himachal Pradesh Fire Service
10	Jharkhand	Jharkhand Fire Service
11	Karnataka	Home Guards & Civil Defence Department, Karnataka
11	Karnataka	Karnataka State Fire & Emergency Services
12	Kerala	Kerala Fire and Rescue Services
		Kerala Civil Defence
		Kerala Home Guards
13	Madhya Pradesh	Madhya Pradesh Fire Service
14	Maharashtra	Directorate of Maharashtra Fire Service
14	Maharashtra	Maharashtra Home Guards
15	Manipur	Manipur Fire Service
16	Meghalaya	Directorate of Civil Defence & Home Guards, Meghalaya
16	Meghalaya	Meghalaya Fire Service
17	Mizoram	Mizoram Fire & Emergency Service
17	Mizoram	Directorate of Civil Defence & Home Guards, Mizoram
18	Nagaland	Directorate of Civil Defence & Home Guards, Nagaland
18	Nagaland	Nagaland Fire Service
19	Odisha	Directorate General of Fire Service, Home Guards & Civil Defence, Odisha
19	Odisha	Odisha Fire Service
20	Punjab	Punjab Fire Services
20	Punjab	Punjab Home Guards & Civil Defence
21	Rajasthan	Rajasthan Fire Service
21	Rajasthan	Rajasthan Home Guard
22	Sikkim	Sikkim Fire & Emergency Service
23	Tamil Nadu	Tamil Nadu Fire and Rescue Services
24	Telangana	Telangana State Disaster Response and Fire Services Department^[12]
25	Tripura	Tripura Fire & Emergency Service
26	Uttar Pradesh	Uttar Pradesh Home Guard
26	Uttar Pradesh	Uttar Pradesh Fire Services
27	Uttarakhand	Uttarakhand Fire and Emergency Services
28	West Bengal	West Bengal Fire & Emergency Services
29	Andaman and Nicobar Islands	Andaman and Nicobar Fire Service Department
30	Chandigarh	Chandigarh Fire and Emergency Services
31	Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
32	Delhi NCT	Delhi Fire Service
32	Delhi NCT	DG Home Guards, Delhi
33	Jammu and Kashmir	J&K Fire & Emergency Services
33	Jammu and Kashmir	J&K Civil Defence, Home Guard
34	Ladakh
35	Lakshadweep
36	Puducherry

State and UT Coastal Police (Marine Police) & River Police

State/UT Coastal Police is type of State/UT Armed Police which was created to make an extra security layer on the coastal region. Coastal Police have the responsibility to secure the coasts of the respective States and UTs, along the Indian Coast Guard.

List of State and UT Coastal Police

Sr No.	State/UT	Coastal Police
1	Andhra Pradesh	Andhra Pradesh Marine Police^[13]
2	Goa	Goa Marine Police
3	Gujarat	Gujarat Marine Police
4	Karnataka	Karnataka Marine Police
5	Kerala	Kerala Coastal Police^[14]
6	Maharashtra	Maharashtra Marine Police
7	Odisha	Odisha Marine Police^[15]
8	Tamil Nadu	Tamil Nadu Marine Police
9	West Bengal	West Bengal Marine Police
10	Andaman and Nicobar Islands	Andaman and Nicobar Police Marine Force
11	Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu	Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu Coastal Police
12	Lakshadweep	Lakshadweep Coastal Security Police
13	Puducherry	Puducherry Coastal Security Police

List of River Police Forces

Sr No.	State/UT	River Police Forces
1	Assam	Assam River Police

Highway Police, Traffic Police

Highway and traffic police in small towns are under the state police; traffic police in cities are under the metropolitan and state police. Traffic police maintain a smooth traffic flow and stop offenders. Highway police secure the highways and catch speeders. Accidents, registrations, and vehicle data are checked by traffic police.

Traffic Police

List of Traffic Police
Sr No.	State/UT	Sr No.	Traffic Police
1	Andhra Pradesh	#	AP Traffic Police
		A	Vijayawada City Traffic Police
		B	Visakhapatnam City Traffic Police
2	Arunachal Pradesh		Arunachal Pradesh Traffic Police
3	Assam	#	Assam Traffic Police
3	Assam	A	Guwahati Traffic Police
4	Bihar		Bihar Traffic Police
5	Chhattisgarh		Chhattisgarh Traffic Police
6	Goa		Goa Traffic Police
7	Gujarat	#	Gujarat Traffic Police
		A	Ahmedabad Traffic Police
		B	Rajkot Traffic Police
		C	Surat Traffic Police
		D	Vadodara Traffic Police
8	Haryana	#	Haryana Traffic Police
		A	Faridabad Traffic Police
		B	Gurugram Traffic Police
		C	Panchkula Traffic Police
9	Himachal Pradesh		HP Traffic Police
10	Jharkhand		Jharkhand Traffic Police
11	Karnataka	#	Karnataka Traffic Police
		A	Bengaluru Traffic Police
		B	Mangaluru Traffic Police
12	Kerala	#	Kerala Traffic Police
		A	Kochi Traffic Police
		B	Thiruvananthapuram Traffic Police
13	Madhya Pradesh		Madhya Pradesh Traffic Police
14	Maharashtra	#	Maharashtra Traffic Police
		A	Mumbai Traffic Police
		B	Pune Traffic Police
		C	Nagpur Traffic Police
15	Manipur		Manipur Traffic Police
16	Meghalaya		Meghalaya Traffic Police
17	Mizoram		Mizoram Traffic Police
18	Nagaland	#	Nagaland Traffic Police
18	Nagaland	A	Dimapur Traffic Police
19	Odisha	#	Odisha Traffic Police
19	Odisha	A	Bhubaneswar Traffic Police
20	Punjab	#	Punjab Traffic Police
20	Punjab	A	Amritsar Traffic Police
21	Rajasthan	#	Rajasthan Traffic Police
		A	Jaipur City Traffic Police
		B	Jodhpur Traffic Police
22	Sikkim		Sikkim Traffic Police
23	Tamil Nadu	#	TN Traffic Police
23	Tamil Nadu	A	Chennai Traffic Police
24	Telangana	#	Telangana Traffic Police
		A	Hyderabad Traffic Police
		B	Cyberabad Traffic Police
25	Tripura		Tripura Traffic Police
26	Uttar Pradesh	#	Uttar Pradesh Traffic Police
		A	Lucknow City Traffic Police
		B	Gautam Buddha Nagar Traffic Police
27	Uttarakhand		Uttarakhand Traffic Police
28	West Bengal	#	West Bengal Traffic Police
28	West Bengal	A	Kolkata Traffic Police
29	Andaman and Nicobar Islands		Andaman and Nicobar Traffic Police
30	Chandigarh		Chandigarh Traffic Police
31	Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
32	Delhi NCT		Delhi Traffic Police
33	Jammu and Kashmir		J & K Traffic Police
34	Ladakh
35	Lakshadweep
36	Puducherry		Puducherry Traffic Police

Highway Police

Highway Police or Highway Patrol is a specialized unit of state police forces. The main objectives of Highway Police are controlling Traffic, enforcement of Traffic Laws, prevention of Road Accidents, providing immediate attention and assistance to victims of accidents, handling of Law & Order issues, and enforcement of Laws on National Highways and State Highways, etc. Each Highway Patrol Vehicle is assigned an 'Operational area' and a Base Station.

List of Highway Police/Highway Patrol
Sr No.	State/UT	Highway Patrol Police
1	Andhra Pradesh
2	Arunachal Pradesh
3	Assam
4	Bihar
5	Chhattisgarh
6	Goa
7	Gujarat
8	Haryana
9	Himachal Pradesh
10	Jharkhand
11	Karnataka	Karnataka Highway Patrol
12	Kerala	Kerala Highway Police^[16]
13	Madhya Pradesh
14	Maharashtra	Maharashtra Highway Police^[17]
15	Manipur
16	Meghalaya
17	Mizoram
18	Nagaland
19	Odisha
20	Punjab	Punjab Highway Patrol
21	Rajasthan
22	Sikkim
23	Tamil Nadu	Tamil Nadu Highway Patrol^[18]
24	Telangana
25	Tripura
26	Uttar Pradesh	Uttar Pradesh Highway Police (UPHP)^[19]
27	Uttarakhand
28	West Bengal

Railway Police

GRP units are a state maintained forces with its own command structure on Railways with the maintenance cost borne on 50% basis each by particular State and Railways. RPF maintains liaison with GRP for the Law & Order and Crime related matters.^[20]

List of State and UT Government Railway Police

Sr No.	State/UT	Sr No.	Government Railway Police
1	Andhra Pradesh		Andhra Pradesh GRP
2	Arunachal Pradesh
3	Assam		Assam GRP
4	Bihar		Bihar GRP
5	Chhattisgarh		Chhattisgarh GRP
6	Goa		Goa GRP
7	Gujarat		Gujarat GRP
8	Haryana		Haryana GRP
9	Himachal Pradesh
10	Jharkhand		Jharkhand GRP
11	Karnataka		Karnataka GRP
12	Kerala		Kerala Railway Police (GRP)
13	Madhya Pradesh		Madhya Pradesh GRP
14	Maharashtra	•	Maharashtra GRP
		A	Mumbai Railway Police Commissionerate
		B	Nagpur Railway Police
		C	Pune Railway Police
15	Manipur
16	Meghalaya
17	Mizoram
18	Nagaland
19	Odisha		Odisha GRP
20	Punjab		Punjab GRP
21	Rajasthan		Rajasthan GRP
22	Sikkim
23	Tamil Nadu		Tamil Nadu GRP
24	Telangana		Telangana GRP
25	Tripura		Tripura GRP
26	Uttar Pradesh	•	Uttar Pradesh GRP
		A	Lucknow GRP
		B	Allahabad (Prayagraj) GRP
27	Uttarakhand
28	West Bengal	•	West Bengal GRP
		A	Howrah GRP
		B	Kharagpur GRP
		C	Sealdah GRP
		D	Siliguri GRP
29	Andaman and Nicobar Islands
30	Chandigarh
31	Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
32	Delhi NCT		Delhi GRP
33	Jammu and Kashmir	•	J & K GRP
		A	Katra GRP
		B	Jammu GRP
		C	Kashmir GRP
34	Ladakh
35	Lakshadweep
36	Puducherry

Tourist Police

As the security of tourists is a state subject, the Ministry of Tourism (India), in consultation with the State Governments and Union Territory Administrations, had proposed to set up tourist police units at prominent tourist spots in the country. As of 2018, 14 States/UTs have deployed the Tourist Police in their States/UTs.^[21]

List of Tourist Police

Sr No.	State/UT	Tourist Police
1	Andhra Pradesh	AP Tourist Police
2	Arunachal Pradesh	Arunachal Pradesh Tourist Police ^[22]
3	Assam
4	Bihar
5	Chhattisgarh
6	Goa	Goa Tourist Police
7	Gujarat
8	Haryana
9	Himachal Pradesh	HP Tourist Police
10	Jharkhand
11	Karnataka	Karnataka Tourist Police
12	Kerala	Kerala Tourism Police^[23] Kerala Temple Police^[24]
13	Madhya Pradesh	Madhya Pradesh Tourist Police
14	Maharashtra	Maharashtra Tourist Police
15	Manipur
16	Meghalaya
17	Mizoram
18	Nagaland	Nagaland Tourist Police
19	Odisha	Odisha Tourist Police
20	Punjab	Punjab Tourist Police
21	Rajasthan	Rajasthan Tourist Police
22	Sikkim
23	Tamil Nadu
24	Telangana	Telangana Tourist Police
25	Tripura
26	Uttar Pradesh	Uttar Pradesh Tourist Police
27	Uttarakhand
28	West Bengal
29	Andaman and Nicobar Islands
30	Chandigarh
31	Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
32	Delhi NCT	Delhi Tourist Police
33	Jammu and Kashmir	J & K Tourist Police
34	Ladakh	Ladakh Tourist Police (In Proposal)
35	Lakshadweep
36	Puducherry

Criminal Investigation Department (CB CID) / Crime Branch

A Criminal Investigation Department (CID) or Crime Branch is a specialized investigation Wing of the State Police forces of India responsible for the investigation of crime, based on the Criminal Investigation Departments of British police forces. CID is further split into Crime Branch (CB-CID), Anti Narcotics and many further divisions concerned with matters pertaining to crime, investigation, prosecution and collection of criminal intelligence,depending upon the state's Police administration . The nomenclature of CID is different in various states. Some states it is known as Crime Branch and others Criminal Investigation Department (CID) or Criminal Investigation Agency.The functioning of this wing is almost same in all the states.

List of Crime Investigation Departments and Branches

Sr No.	State/UT	CID	Sr No.	Branches
1	Andhra Pradesh	Andhra Pradesh CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
2	Arunachal Pradesh	Arunachal Pradesh CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C
			D	Special Branch
3	Assam	Assam CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
4	Bihar	Bihar CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Unit
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
5	Chhattisgarh	Chhattisgarh CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C
			D	Special Branch
6	Goa	Goa CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Cell
			C
			D	Special Branch
7	Gujarat	Gujarat CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
8	Haryana	Haryana CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Haryana Cyber Crime and Technical Investigation Cell
			D	Special Branch
9	Himachal Pradesh	HP CID	A	Crime Branch
			B
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
10	Jharkhand	Jharkhand CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C
			D	Special Branch
11	Karnataka	Karnataka CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
			E	Forest Cell
12	Kerala	Crime Branch.^[25]	A	Hurt & Homicide Wing
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Hi-Tech Crime Enquiry Cell
			D	Anti Piracy Cell
			E	Organised Crime Wing
13	Madhya Pradesh	Madhya Pradesh CID^[26]	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
14	Maharashtra	Maharashtra CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
15	Manipur	Manipur CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C
			D	Special Branch
16	Meghalaya	Meghalaya CID	A	Crime Branch
			B
			C
			D	Special Branch
17	Mizoram	Mizoram CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C
			D	Special Branch
18	Nagaland	Nagaland CID	A	Crime Branch
			B
			C
			D	Special Branch
19	Odisha	Odisha CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
20	Punjab	Punjab Bureau of Investigation	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
21	Rajasthan	Rajasthan CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
22	Sikkim	Sikkim CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C
			D	Special Branch
23	Tamil Nadu	TN Crime Branch-CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
24	Telangana	Telangana CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
25	Tripura	Tripura CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
26	Uttar Pradesh	UP CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
27	Uttarakhand	UK CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
28	West Bengal	WB CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
29	Andaman and Nicobar Islands	Andaman and Nicobar CID	A
			B
			C
			D
30	Chandigarh	Chandigarh CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
31	Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu		A
			B
			C
			D
32	Delhi NCT	Delhi Police Crime Branch	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
33	Jammu and Kashmir	J & K CID	A	Crime Branch
			B	Economic Offences Wing
			C	Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch
34	Ladakh		A
			B
			C
			D
35	Lakshadweep		A
			B
			C
			D
36	Puducherry	Puducherry CID	A	Crime Branch
			B
			C
			D	Special Branch

List of CID in Police Commissionerates

Sr No.	Commissionerate	CID	Sr No.	Branches
1	Kolkata Police	Kolkata CID	A	Kolkata Police Detective Department
			B	Kolkata Police Enforcement Branch ^[27]
			C	Kolkata Police Cyber Cell
			D	Special Branch

State Enforcement Branches (Economic Offences Wing)

To detect and prevent the commercial crimes, tax evasions, etc. in the State, some States have their own separate Enforcement Branches with their Police Departments.

State Bureau of Investigation

1. Punjab Bureau of Investigation

Special Investigation Team (SIT)

To investigate the heinous crimes, State Governments/UT Administrations can deploy the Special Investigation Teams.

Technical Services

State/UT Crime Records Bureau

At the National Level, National Crime Records Bureau was set up. At the State Level, State Crime Records Bureau was set up under the CID of the State Police. At the District Level, District Crime Records Bureau(s) were also set up in States under the SCRBs.

At the UT Level, UT Crime Records Bureau was set up under the CID of the UT Police. At the District Level, District Crime Records Bureau(s) were also set up in UTs under the UTCRBs.

List of Technical Services

Sr No	State/UT	Sr No.	Technical Services
1	Andhra Pradesh	A	Andhra Pradesh State Crime Records Bureau
		B	AP Police Computer Centre
		C	AP Forensic Science Laboratory (FSL)
		D	AP Finger Print Bureau (FPB)
2	Arunachal Pradesh	A	Arunachal Pradesh SCRB
3	Assam	A	Assam SCRB
		B	Assam Police Computer Centre
		C	Assam Forensic Science Laboratory (FSL)
		D	Finger Print Bureau (FPB)
4	Bihar	A	Bihar SCRB
4	Bihar	B	Bihar Forensic Science Laboratory
5	Chhattisgarh	A	Chhattisgarh SCRB
5	Chhattisgarh	B	Chhattisgarh Forensic Science Laboratory
6	Goa	A	Goa SCRB
6	Goa	B	Goa Forensic Science Laboratory
7	Gujarat	A	Gujarat SCRB
7	Gujarat	B	Gujarat Forensic Science Laboratory
8	Haryana	A	Haryana SCRB
		B	Haryana FSL
		C	Haryana FPB
9	Himachal Pradesh	A	Himachal Pradesh SCRB
10	Jharkhand	A	Jharkhand SCRB
10	Jharkhand	B	Jharkhand FSL
11	Karnataka	A	Karnataka SCRB
		B	Karnataka Police Computer Centre
		C	Karnataka Forensic Science Laboratory (FSL)
		D	Karnataka Finger Print Bureau (FPB)
12	Kerala	A	State Crime Records Bureau (SCRB), Kerala
		B	Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Wing
		C	Kerala Forensic Science Laboratory (FSL)
		D	Kerala Finger Print Bureau (FPB)
		E	Police Photographic Bureau
		F	Police Telecommunication
13	Madhya Pradesh	A	Madhya Pradesh SCRB
13	Madhya Pradesh	B	MP FSL
14	Maharashtra	A	Maharashtra SCRB
		B	Maharashtra Police Computer Centre
		C	Maharashtra Forensic Science Laboratory (FSL)
		D	Maharashtra Finger Print Bureau (FPB)
15	Manipur	A	Manipur SCRB
15	Manipur	B	Manipur FSL
16	Meghalaya	A	Meghalaya SCRB
16	Meghalaya	B	Meghalaya FSL
17	Mizoram	A	Mizoram SCRB
17	Mizoram	B	Meghalaya FSL
18	Nagaland	A	Nagaland SCRB
18	Nagaland	B	Nagaland FSL
19	Odisha	A	Odisha SCRB
		B	Police Computer Centre
		C	Forensic Science Laboratory (FSL)
		D	Finger Print Bureau (FPB)
20	Punjab	A	Punjab SCRB
20	Punjab	B	Punjab FSL
21	Rajasthan	A	Rajasthan SCRB
21	Rajasthan	B	Rajasthan FSL
22	Sikkim	A	Sikkim SCRB
23	Tamil Nadu	A	Tamil Nadu SCRB
		B	Tamil Nadu Police Computer Wing
		C	Forensic Science Laboratory
		D	Finger Print Bureau
24	Telangana	A	Telangana SCRB
		B	Police Computer Centre
		C	Forensic Science Laboratory (FSL)
		D	Finger Print Bureau (FPB)
25	Tripura	A	Tripura SCRB
26	Uttar Pradesh	A	Uttar Pradesh SCRB
		B	UP Police Computer Centre (UPPCC)
		C	Forensic Science Laboratory (FSL)
		D	Finger Print Bureau (FPB)
27	Uttarakhand	A	Uttarakhand SCRB
28	West Bengal	A	West Bengal SCRB
		B	West Bengal FSL
		C	West Bengal FPB
29	Andaman and Nicobar Islands	A	Andaman and Nicobar CRB
30	Chandigarh	A	Chandigarh Crime Records Bureau
31	Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
32	Delhi	A	Delhi Crime Records Bureau
33	Jammu and Kashmir	A	J&K Crime Records Bureau
33	Jammu and Kashmir	B	J&K FSL
34	Ladakh
35	Lakshadweep
36	Puducherry	A	Puducherry Crime Records Bureau
		B	Puducherry FSL
		C	Puducherry FPB

Anti-Corruption Agencies (Vigilance)

List of Anti-Corruption Agencies
Sr No.	State/UT	Anti-Corruption Agency
1	Andhra Pradesh	Andhra Pradesh Anti-Corruption Bureau
2	Arunachal Pradesh
3	Assam	Directorate of Vigilance & Anti-Corruption, Assam
4	Bihar
5	Chhattisgarh	Anti-Corruption Bureau, Chhattisgarh
6	Goa	Goa Police Anti-Corruption Branch
7	Gujarat	Gujarat Anti-Corruption Bureau
8	Haryana	Haryana State Vigilance Bureau
9	Himachal Pradesh	Himachal Pradesh State Vigilance & Anti-Corruption Bureau
10	Jharkhand	Anti-Corruption Bureau, Jharkhand
11	Karnataka	Anti-Corruption Bureau, Karnataka
12	Kerala	Vigilance & Anti-Corruption Bureau, Kerala (VACB)
13	Madhya Pradesh	Lokayukta Special Police Establishment, Madhya Pradesh
14	Maharashtra	Maharashtra Anti-Corruption Bureau
15	Manipur	Vigilance & Anti-Corruption Department, Manipur
16	Meghalaya	Meghalaya Police Anti-Corruption Branch
17	Mizoram	Anti-Corruption Bureau, Mizoram
18	Nagaland	Directorate of Vigilance & Anti-Corruption Police, Nagaland
19	Odisha	Odisha Vigilance Directorate
20	Punjab	Punjab State Vigilance Bureau
21	Rajasthan	Anti-Corruption Bureau, Rajasthan
22	Sikkim	Vigilance Police Department, Sikkim
23	Tamil Nadu	Directorate of Vigilance & Anti-Corruption, Tamil Nadu
24	Telangana	Telangana Anti-Corruption Bureau
25	Tripura
26	Uttar Pradesh	Anti-Corruption Organisation, Uttar Pradesh
27	Uttarakhand
28	West Bengal	Directorate of Anti-Corruption Branch, West Bengal
29	Delhi	Delhi Police Vigilance Department

References

^ Kumar, Sanjay (28 June 2016). "Maintenance of Law and Order in India- Challenges and Solutions". International Journal of Reviews and Research in Social Sciences. 4 (2): 97–106.
^ Balachandran, Vappala (17 July 2016). "Fixing Mumbai: Free the police". The Hindu – via www.thehindu.com.
^ ^a ^b "1The Indian Police Service (Uniform) Rules, 1954". Archived from the original on 8 February 2014. Retrieved 31 August 2015.
^ "HP police to recruit 1,000 police personnel soon: Jai Ram Thakur". www.outlookindia.com.
^ Grover, Anju (11 June 2018). "What is India Reserve Battalion and its role?".
^ "SIKKIM POLICE - History". sikkimpolice.nic.in. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
^ "Tipura State Rifles | Tripura Police". tripurapolice.gov.in.
^ "Response Force". NDM India. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
^ "West Bengal Police".
^ Narayanan, Vivek (27 May 2019). "T.N. industrial security force a non-starter". The Hindu – via www.thehindu.com.
^ "Explained: What is the Yogi govt's new Special Security Force, and why has it been criticised?". 18 September 2020.
^ "Department listing". fire.telangana.gov.in. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
^ "Andhra Pradesh Police". www.appolice.gov.in.
^ "Official website". coastal.keralapolice.gov.in. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
^ "Coastal security. | Odisha Police". odishapolice.gov.in.
^ "Official Website of Kerala Police - Highway Police". keralapolice.gov.in. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
^ "National Highway – Highway Police Maharastra State".
^ Rajaram, R. (5 July 2015). "Highway patrol teams to be sensitised to road safety". The Hindu – via www.thehindu.com.
^ "UP to have country's 1st highway patrol force". Hindustan Times. 16 May 2015.
^ "South Western Railway". Archived from the original on 16 April 2020.
^ "14 States Have Deployed Tourist Police To Ensure Safety: Tourism Minister". NDTV.com.
^ Singh, Bikash. "Arunachal Pradesh launches Tourist Police". The Economic Times.
^ "Mattancherry to have police station for tourists, Newsbytes, Newsletter, India". Kerala Tourism. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
^ "Official Website of Kerala Police - Temple Police". keralapolice.gov.in. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
^ "Post-overhaul, Kerala's Sherlock Holmes to be jack of all trades". www.onmanorama.com. Retrieved 4 July 2022.
^ "Branches | Page - 1 | Madhya Pradesh Police, "Desh Bhakti- Jan Seva",India". www.mppolice.gov.in.
^ "Kolkata Police". www.kolkatapolice.gov.in.

External links

Official website

[1] Kumar, Sanjay (28 June 2016). "Maintenance of Law and Order in India- Challenges and Solutions". International Journal of Reviews and Research in Social Sciences. 4 (2): 97–106.

[:0-2] Balachandran, Vappala (17 July 2016). "Fixing Mumbai: Free the police". The Hindu – via www.thehindu.com.

[:1-3] "1The Indian Police Service (Uniform) Rules, 1954". Archived from the original on 8 February 2014. Retrieved 31 August 2015.

[4] "HP police to recruit 1,000 police personnel soon: Jai Ram Thakur". www.outlookindia.com.

[5] Grover, Anju (11 June 2018). "What is India Reserve Battalion and its role?".

[6] "SIKKIM POLICE - History". sikkimpolice.nic.in. Retrieved 31 March 2020.

[7] "Tipura State Rifles | Tripura Police". tripurapolice.gov.in.

[mha-8] "Response Force". NDM India. Retrieved 5 January 2023.

[9] "West Bengal Police".

[10] Narayanan, Vivek (27 May 2019). "T.N. industrial security force a non-starter". The Hindu – via www.thehindu.com.

[11] "Explained: What is the Yogi govt's new Special Security Force, and why has it been criticised?". 18 September 2020.

[12] "Department listing". fire.telangana.gov.in. Retrieved 30 September 2020.

[13] "Andhra Pradesh Police". www.appolice.gov.in.

[14] "Official website". coastal.keralapolice.gov.in. Retrieved 30 September 2020.

[15] "Coastal security. | Odisha Police". odishapolice.gov.in.

[16] "Official Website of Kerala Police - Highway Police". keralapolice.gov.in. Retrieved 5 July 2022.

[17] "National Highway – Highway Police Maharastra State".

[18] Rajaram, R. (5 July 2015). "Highway patrol teams to be sensitised to road safety". The Hindu – via www.thehindu.com.

[19] "UP to have country's 1st highway patrol force". Hindustan Times. 16 May 2015.

[20] "South Western Railway". Archived from the original on 16 April 2020.

[21] "14 States Have Deployed Tourist Police To Ensure Safety: Tourism Minister". NDTV.com.

[22] Singh, Bikash. "Arunachal Pradesh launches Tourist Police". The Economic Times.

[23] "Mattancherry to have police station for tourists, Newsbytes, Newsletter, India". Kerala Tourism. Retrieved 5 July 2022.

[24] "Official Website of Kerala Police - Temple Police". keralapolice.gov.in. Retrieved 5 July 2022.

[25] "Post-overhaul, Kerala's Sherlock Holmes to be jack of all trades". www.onmanorama.com. Retrieved 4 July 2022.

[26] "Branches | Page - 1 | Madhya Pradesh Police, "Desh Bhakti- Jan Seva",India". www.mppolice.gov.in.

[27] "Kolkata Police". www.kolkatapolice.gov.in.

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