Hibernia (locomotive)

Specifications
Specifications
Configuration:;
• Whyte	2-2-0
Gauge	4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Leading dia.	3 feet (0.91 m)
Driver dia.	5 feet (1.52 m)
Fuel type	Coke
Boiler pressure	75 lbf/in2 (517 kPa; 75 psi)
Cylinders	Two
Cylinder size	11 in × 16 in (279 mm × 406 mm)

Type and origin
Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Designer	Richard Roberts
Builder	Sharp, Roberts and Company
Build date	1834

*Hibernia*
Hibernia
	An early sketch of Hibernia
Power type
Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Designer	Richard Roberts
Builder	Sharp, Roberts and Company
Build date	1834
Configuration:;
Specifications
Configuration:;
• Whyte	2-2-0
Gauge	4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Leading dia.	3 feet (0.91 m)
Driver dia.	5 feet (1.52 m)
Fuel type	Coke
Boiler pressure	75 lbf/in2 (517 kPa; 75 psi)
Cylinders	Two
Cylinder size	11 in × 16 in (279 mm × 406 mm)
Operators
Career
Operators	Dublin and Kingstown Railway
First run	9 October 1834
Disposition	Scrapped

Hibernia was a steam locomotive designed by Richard Roberts and built by Sharp, Roberts and Company in 1834 for the Dublin and Kingstown Railway (D&KR). The locomotive had vertical cylinders driving via bell cranks.

History

Procurement

The D&KR waited until August 1833 before inviting nine firms to tender for six identical engines to enable part-swapping for delivery by 1 May 1834. The seven firms replied that timescales were too short, given the infancy of locomotive engineering with manufacturers on a steep learning curve. The D&KR engaged John Urpeth Rastrick who had been judge at the 1830 Rainhill Trials to visit the manufacturers. Rastrick visited six as well as the L&MR works and delivered to board a specification which strongly matched the L&MR No. 32 Experiment from Sharp, Roberts and Co. D&KR's Bergin visited the L&MR and expressed concerns over Experiment's unique features, vibrations and fuel consumption. The D&KR's consultant engineer Charles Blacker Vignoles was particularly concerned with the vertical mounting of the cylinders. A D&KR committee then re-worded the specification to give firms more opportunity to submit their preferred design.^[2]

With time running short the D&KR were forced to order from suppliers most likely to be able to deliver within the required timescale. They eventually order three from Sharp, Roberts and Co., the first of which would be Hibernia, the other two being Britannia and Manchester. Three were also ordered from George Forrester and Company's Vauxhall foundry at Liverpool based on their Swiftsure locomotive that were to become Vauxhall, Dublin and Kingstown.^[3]^[b]

Hibernia was completed in 1834 and was to be followed by several identical models. Power transmission from the vertical cylinders was via bell cranks.^[4]

The engine was expected to be able to haul a train of 60 to 80 tons in weight at 20 miles per hour (32 km/h).^[5]

Hibernia was sent from the manufacturer at Manchester to Liverpool under its own steam. It was transported by the City of Dublin Steam Packet Company at a cost of £21 plus for £7/10/- for the tender with Forresters' Vauxhall on the same sailing. At Dublin they were taken through the streets on a temporary "portable railway" before 50 men hauled them up to rail level at Westland Row.^[6]

Trials

The L&MR permitted the locomotives to be tested on their line before being shipped to Ireland. In Ireland an "engine hospital" had been set up at Serpentine avenue to allow for their maintenance.^[6]

On 9 October 1834 Hibernia hauled a train of eight carriages, which was the first to traverse the complete length of the line carrying members of the public.^[7] While this was the first trial to traverse the length of the line from Westland Row to Salthill the locomotive Vauxhall had done a shorter trial run with a small train from Dublin to the Martello Tower at Williamstown which is now part of Blackrock Park.^[8]

In a test run on 1 November 1834, Hibernia, running with just the engine and tender, was claimed to have achieved a maximum speed of 60 miles per hour (97 km/h) over 0.25 miles (0.40 km) by Charles Blacker Vignoles.^[9]

Operations

The design is assessed in (Lyons 2015, p. 81) as not being a great success. Lyons suggests the issue may have been the use of piston valves rather than the bell crank transmission. The vertical cylinders caused considerable pounding resulting in damage to the locomotives axles and springs; significant damage was also caused to the track with rail fractures and subsidence being noted.^[1]

Hibernia was withdrawn after blowing up at Kingstown in 1842. The two sister engines Britannia and Manchester were also withdrawn.^[10]

Model

An O Gauge model of Hibernia built by Cyril Fry exists in the Fry Model Collection along with examples of its associated carriages.

Notes

^ First run carrying members of the public on a trial run in Ireland. The locomotive may have been involved in other tests on the D&KR and also the London and Manchester Railway in England.
^ Ordering different designs from two manufacturers was not the D&KR's original plan so they achieve part standardisation but the build timescales may have been one factor and the risk of a design failing may have been another.

References

^ ^a ^b Lyons (2015), p. 81.
^ Murray (1981), pp. 172–173.
^ Murray (1981), pp. 172, 177.
^ "Ireland's Railway Systems". Michael J Irlam. Retrieved 5 April 2008.
^ "Locomotive Engines on the Dublin and Kingstown Railway". The Dublin Penny Journal. 3: 163–165. 22 November 1834. JSTOR 30004086.
^ ^a ^b Murray (1981), p. 177.
^ "The History of the Dublin and Kingstown Railway". Dalkey. Retrieved 5 April 2008.
^ "Dublin and Kingstown Railway". The Dublin Penny Journal. 3: 132–133. 25 October 1834. JSTOR 30003942.
^ Vignoles (1889), p. 185.
^ Murray, Kevin (1938). "Dublin's First Railway". Dublin Historical Record. 1 (2): 36. JSTOR 30080094.

Lyons, Garrett (15 October 2015). Steaming to Kingstown and Sucking Up to Dalkey: The Story of the Dublin and Kingstown Railway. Dublin: Londubh Books. ISBN 978-1907535772.
—— (1981). Ireland's First Railway. Dublin: Irish Railway Record Society. ISBN 0-904078-07-8.
Vignoles, Olinthus J. (1889). "XIII". Life of Charles Blacker Vignoles ... soldier and civil engineer, formerly lieutenant in H.M. 1st Royals, past-president of Institution of civil engineers; a reminiscence of early railway history. London & New York: Longmans, Green & Co. OL 6928380M.

External links

Picture of Hibernia at Science & Society

[1] First run carrying members of the public on a trial run in Ireland. The locomotive may have been involved in other tests on the D&KR and also the London and Manchester Railway in England.

[5] Ordering different designs from two manufacturers was not the D&KR's original plan so they achieve part standardisation but the build timescales may have been one factor and the risk of a design failing may have been another.

[FOOTNOTELyons201581-2] Lyons (2015), p. 81.

[FOOTNOTEMurray1981172–173-3] Murray (1981), pp. 172–173.

[FOOTNOTEMurray1981172,_177-4] Murray (1981), pp. 172, 177.

[Mike-6] "Ireland's Railway Systems". Michael J Irlam. Retrieved 5 April 2008.

[PennyJ18341122-7] "Locomotive Engines on the Dublin and Kingstown Railway". The Dublin Penny Journal. 3: 163–165. 22 November 1834. JSTOR 30004086.

[FOOTNOTEMurray1981177-8] Murray (1981), p. 177.

[Dalkey-9] "The History of the Dublin and Kingstown Railway". Dalkey. Retrieved 5 April 2008.

[PennyJ18341025-10] "Dublin and Kingstown Railway". The Dublin Penny Journal. 3: 132–133. 25 October 1834. JSTOR 30003942.

[FOOTNOTEVignoles1889185-11] Vignoles (1889), p. 185.

[ODS-DFR-12] Murray, Kevin (1938). "Dublin's First Railway". Dublin Historical Record. 1 (2): 36. JSTOR 30080094.

[a]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[b]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

v t e Steam locomotives of Ireland
Belfast and County Down Railway (1846–1948)	1 4 5 6 8 9 14 22 26 29
Belfast and Northern Counties Railway (1860–1903)	A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S
Northern Counties Committee (1903–1949)	A1 B1 B2 B3 D1 E1 F1 K1 L1 S1 S2 U U1 U2 V W WT Y
Great Northern Railway (1876–1958)	A AL B BP BT C D E G H J JT NQG NLQG P PG PP Q QG QGTs QGT2 QL QLG QNG RT S & S2 SG & SG2 SG3 T T2 U V UG VS 203 204
Sligo, Leitrim and Northern Counties Railway (1875–1957)	Erne Faugh-a-Ballagh Glencar Leitrim Lough Pioneer Sir Henry Waterford
Cork, Bandon and South Coast Railway (1849–1924)	1, 2 1, 2, 4A, 8 2 (II) 3, 4 3, 9, 10, 18 5, 6 7 (I) 7 (II) 9, 10 11 5, 6, 12, 16, 17 14, 15 19, 20 4, 8, 11, 13, 14, 15, 19, 20 Argadeen St Molaga Slaney
Dublin and Kingstown Railway (1834–1856)	Vauxhall Hibernia Star Victoria Princess Burgoyne
Dublin and South Eastern Railway (1854–1925)	1, 2, 6–7, 9–10, 28, 44–47, 49 3, 8, 10–12, 27–30, 40, 45–46 4–5 13–14, 18, 65–66 15–16 15–23, 37–39, 48 17, 36 20, 34–35 24–26, 32–33 42–44 50–51 52–54 55–58 59–64 67–68 69–70
Great Southern and Western Railway (1845–1924)	1 2 21 23 27 33 37 41 43 44 45 28 & 47 52 56 60 62 64 90 91 92 99 100 101 102 104 110 & 112 116 117 119 122 124 133 139 144 201 203 204 207 & 217 211 213 249 & 351 257 301 305 309 321 333 341 355 362 368 400 500 900 Fairy Jumbo Sambo Sprite
Midland Great Western Railway (1847–1924)	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7–12 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 A B C D D-bogie D2 E F H K L P W
Great Southern Railways (1925–1944)	280 342 372 393 495 670 700 710 800 850
Córas Iompair Éireann (1945–1962)	Turf Burner No. CC1
Tralee and Dingle Light Railway (1891–1953)	1, 2, 3, 6, 8 4 5 7, 8 (4T)
Industrial engines	CSÉT Shunting Locomotives R. H. Smyth