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Har Adar

Coordinates: 31°49′34″N 35°07′47″E / 31.82611°N 35.12972°E / 31.82611; 35.12972
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"Radar Hill" redirects here. For the radar station in Queensland, Australia, see Radar Hill, Mount Surprise.
Har Adar
  • הַר אֲדָר‎
  • هار أدار
Local council (from 1995)
Har Adar is located in the West Bank
Har Adar
Har Adar
Coordinates: 31°49′34″N 35°07′47″E / 31.82611°N 35.12972°E / 31.82611; 35.12972
RegionWest Bank
DistrictJudea and Samaria Area
GovernorateJerusalem Governorate
Founded1982
Government
 • Head of MunicipalityHen Filipowicz (since 2013)
Area
 • Total
994 dunams (99.4 ha or 246 acres)
Population
 (2022)[1]
 • Total
4,065
 • Density4,100/km2 (11,000/sq mi)
Name meaningMount Adar

Har Adar (Hebrew: הַר אֲדָר) is an Israeli settlement organized as a local council in the Seam Zone and the Maccabim sub-region of the West Bank. Founded in 1986,[2] it had a population of 4,065 in 2022. It is located near Abu Ghosh and the Green Line on Road 425, approximately 15 kilometers west of Jerusalem. Har Adar is ranked high on the Israeli socio-economic scale, at 9/10.[3] Har Adar was initially built adjacent to the Green Line but is now largely located within the West Bank.[4][5]

The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.[6]

History

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Harel Brigade memorial in Har Adar
Snow-stranded automobiles in Har Adar, December 2013 during the 2013 Middle East cold snap

An antiquities site at Har Adar has been turned into a small archaeological park, based on finds from a salvage excavation conducted in 1991 on behalf of the Staff Officer for Archaeology, Judea and Samaria, directed by M. Dadon. A building complex was uncovered, with two strata, dating from the fifth to the mid-first centuries BCE, revealing a fort from the Persian period and a farmhouse from the Hellenistic period. In the Ottoman period a wing was added to the house.[7] The location of Har Adar was named Radar Hill (Hebrew: גִּבְעַת הָרָדָאר, Giv'at HaRadar), for the World War II British military installation on top of the hill. The Local Jewish military thought that the installation was an anti-air radar for the protection of Jerusalem. In fact, it was a relay station, to boost the radio signal. The installation was handed over to the Jordanian Arab Legion on May 10, 1948, prior to the second phase of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.[8] 23 attempts by the Palmach's Harel Brigade to conquer it failed,[9] although the Jewish force held the position for four days starting May 22, 1948.[8] Being under Jordan rule after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, the area was annexed by Jordan in 1950. It was finally captured in the Six-Day War by the Harel Brigade. A monument for the fallen soldiers of the brigade with Bible citation from 2 Samuel 1:19 stands at the top of the town.[9]

According to the ARIJ, Israeli authorities expropriated land from three Palestinian West Bank villages for the construction of Har Adar:

On the morning of 26 September 2017, a Palestinian gunman opened fire at the checkpoint in the separation barrier at the rear of the settlement, killing one Border Police officer and two security guards, while wounding a fourth.[13]

Demographics

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Westward view from Har Adar

In 2009, the population of Har Adar was 99.3% Jewish with 1,700 men and 1,600 women.[3] The age distribution was as follows:

Age 0–4 5–9 10–14 15–19 20–29 30–44 45–59 60–64 65–74 75+
Percentage 9.6 10.3 9.8 8.0 12.4 20.3 17.6 6.7 4.4 0.9
Source: Israel Central Bureau of Statistics[3]

Economy

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Har Adar is ranked 9/10 (high) on the Israeli socio-economic scale.[3] According to Business Data Israel (BDI), in 2006 Har Adar had the most stable economy of all Israeli local councils, along with Kfar Shmaryahu.[14] In 2009, the municipal surplus stood at NIS 187,000.[3]

In 2009, there were 1,471 salaried workers in Har Adar. The average salary for males was NIS 15,987, and 8,882 for women – both higher than the national average. 25.5% salaried workers worked for minimum wage. In addition, there were 143 self-employed workers, with an average income of NIS 12,311.[3]

References

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  1. ^ "Regional Statistics". Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
  2. ^ Uri Blau Har Adar Is Over the Green Line, but Its Residents Don't Like to Be Called Settlers Haaretz 15 March 2013
  3. ^ a b c d e f "Local Authorities in Israel 2009, Publication #1451 - Municipality Profiles - Har Adar" (PDF) (in Hebrew). Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved September 8, 2011.
  4. ^ Shaul Ephraim Cohen (June 1993). The Politics of Planting: Israeli-Palestinian Competition for Control of Land in the Jerusalem Periphery. University of Chicago Press. p. 158. ISBN 978-0-226-11276-3.
  5. ^ Kershner, Isabel (26 September 2017). "Palestinian Gunman Kills 3 Israelis at West Bank Crossing". The New York Times.
  6. ^ "The Geneva Convention". BBC News. 10 December 2009. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  7. ^ Dadon, M. Har Adar, Excavations and Surveys in Israel 14:87-88
  8. ^ a b Vilnai, Ze'ev (1976). "Giv'at HaRadar". Ariel Encyclopedia (in Hebrew). Vol. 2. Israel: Am Oved. pp. 1165–1166.
  9. ^ a b HaReuveni, Immanuel (1999). Lexicon of the Land of Israel (in Hebrew). Miskal - Yedioth Ahronoth Books and Chemed Books. p. 255. ISBN 965-448-413-7.
  10. ^ Biddu Town Profile, ARIJ, p. 18
  11. ^ Beit Surik Town Profile, ARIJ, p. 17
  12. ^ Qatanna Town Profile, ARIJ, p. 17
  13. ^ Yotam Berger, Amos Harel, Jack Khoury and Nir Hasson (September 26, 2017). "Three Israelis Killed in Terrorist Attack in West Bank Settlement". Haaretz.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  14. ^ "Har Adar: The Most Economically Organized Council". Emtza HaShavu'a (Jerusalem) (in Hebrew). Yedioth Ahronoth. February 26, 2008.
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