Halae Araphenides

Halae Araphenides
Ἁλαὶ Ἀραφηνίδες
	Halae Araphenides is along the right coast
Location	Rafina, Attica, Greece
Region	Attica
Coordinates	37°59′14″N 24°00′16″E / 37.987192°N 24.004472°E
Type	Deme
History
Periods	Archaic Greek
Satellite of	Athens, Aigeis tribe, trittys of Paralia [el; it]

Halae Araphenides or Halai Araphenides (Ancient Greek: Ἁλαὶ Ἀραφηνίδες, romanized: Halái Araphenídes) was a deme of ancient Attica, situated on its eastern coast between Brauron and Araphen, and was the harbour of Brauron, whence persons crossed over to Marmarium in Euboea.

Etymology

The deme draws the first part of its name from the saltiness along the coast, while the second part was introduced to distinguish it from the deme of Halae Aexonides.

History

Halae was mentioned by Euripides^[1] as close to the chain of Karystia. In this place was conserved a statue of Artemis Tauria brought from Tauris by Iphigenia and Orestes.

In the deme, expiatory rites were held which consisted of withdrawing drops of blood from the throat of a man by means of a knife; furthermore, they had midnight feasts and Pyrrhic dances.

Its port was also used by citizens of a Brauron and for the marble quarries of Karystos, near the island of Euboea, being the closest port of Attica.^[2]

Location

The site of Halae Araphenides is located near modern Artemida, Attica (formerly, Loutsa).^[3]^[4]

Notes

^ Euripides. Iphigenia in Tauris. p. 1451.
^ Strabo IX.1.22; X.1.6.
^ Lund University. Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire.
^ Richard Talbert, ed. (2000). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. Princeton University Press. p. 59, and directory notes accompanying. ISBN 978-0-691-03169-9.

Bibliography

Primary sources

Strabo. Geography. (here)

Secondary sources

Lohmann, Hans. "Halae". Brill's New Pauly.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Attica – 92 (Halae Araphenides)". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.

External links

Halai Araphenides

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[1] Euripides. Iphigenia in Tauris. p. 1451.

[2] Strabo IX.1.22; X.1.6.

[3] Lund University. Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire.

[4] Richard Talbert, ed. (2000). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. Princeton University Press. p. 59, and directory notes accompanying. ISBN 978-0-691-03169-9.

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