General Officer Commanding, Ceylon

General Officer Commanding, Ceylon (also known as Commander of Troops or Officer Commanding His/Her Majesties Troops, Ceylon) was the designation of the General Officer appointed to command all British Army units stationed in the island of Ceylon during the British colonial administration of the island.^[1]

History

The post entitled the holder a seat in the Executive Council of Ceylon and the Legislative Council of Ceylon, advised the Governor of Ceylon on military matters.

Apart from British Army units that were deployed for garrison duty in the island, the officer held command over the Ceylon Defence Force if mobilized. However mobilization could be carried out only under orders from the Governor.

Following independence in 1948, the command was split. With the creation of the Ceylon Army, it head had was referred to as the Commander of the Ceylon Army and the British troops in Ceylon came under the command of the Commander, Ceylon Garrison and UK troops in Ceylon until the withdrawal of British troops from the island.

Official Residence

The GOC Ceylon was entitled to a Class A Quarters issued to government officers for the use of his official residence in Colombo and had the General's House, Nuwara Eliya as a country house.

List of General Officers Commanding, Ceylon

Rank	Name	Appointment	Left office	Unit	Decorations
Captain	Patrick Alexander Agnew	31 August 1795	1 March 1796	Madras European Regiment
Major-General	James Stuart	1 March 1796	1 January 1797	78th Regiment of Foot
Major-General	Welbore Ellis Doyle	1 January 1797	2 July 1797	14th Regiment of Foot
Lieutenant-Colonel	Peter Bonnevaux	2 July 1797	12 July 1797	10th Madras Native Infantry
Major-General	Pierre Frédéric de Meuron	12 July 1797	12 October 1798	Regiment de Meuron
Colonel	Josiah Champagné	14 March 1799	22 July 1799	80th Regiment of Foot	GCH
Colonel	Hay MacDowall	22 July 1799	March 1804	78th Regiment of Foot
Major-General	David Douglas Wemyss	March 1804	19 July 1805	18th Regiment of Foot
Major-General	Thomas Maitland	19 July 1805	19 March 1811	62nd Regiment of Foot	GCB, GCMG, GCH, PC
Major-General	John Wilson	19 March 1811	11 March 1812	5th Garrison Battalion
General	Sir Robert Brownrigg	11 March 1812	1 February 1820	Coldstream Guards	GCB
Major general	Edward Barnes	1820		47th (Lancashire) Regiment of Foot	GCB
Major general	James Campbell	22 July 1822		94th Regiment of Foot
Major general	Hudson Lowe	1826		50th Foot	GCMG, KCB
Major general	John Wilson	14 October 1831		28th Foot
Major general	Robert Arbuthnot	1839		76th Regiment of Foot	KCB
Lieutenant general	Colin Campbell	16 April 1841		78th (Highlanders) Regiment of Foot	KCB
Major general	William Smelt	28 January 1847		103rd Regiment of Foot	CB
Major general	Philip Bainbrigge	23 May 1852		7th Regiment of Foot	CB
Major general	Thomas Reed	13 September 1854		12th Light Dragoons	CB
Major general	Henry Frederick Lockyer	1856	1860	97th (The Earl of Ulster's) Regiment of Foot	CB, KH
Major general	Terence O'Brien	1860	1865
Major general	Studholme John Hodgson	1865	1869	54th Regiment of Foot
Major general	Henry Renny	1869	1874	81st Regiment of Foot	CSI
Major general	John Alfred Street	1874	1879	68th Regiment of Foot	CB
Major general	William Wilby	1879	1882	King's Own Royal Regiment	CB
Major general	John Chetham McLeod	1882	1887	42nd Regiment of Foot	KCB
Major general	Wilbraham Lennox	1887	1888	Royal Engineers	VC, CB
Major general	William Massy	1888	1893	19th Regiment of Foot	CB
Major general	W. Clive-Justice	1893	1897	75th Regiment of Foot	CMG
Major general	F. T. Hobson	1897	1902
Major general	Hector MacDonald	1902	1903	92nd Gordon Highlanders	KCB, DSO
Brigadier general	G. L. C. Money	1903	1905	Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders	CB, DSO
Brigadier general	R .C. B. Lawrence	1905	1909	1st King's Dragoon Guards
Brigadier general	A. J. Whitacre Allen	1909	1913	The Buffs	CB
Brigadier general	Henry Huntly Leith Malcolm	1913	1915	Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders	CB, DSO
Brigadier general	F. Hackett-Thompson	1915	1918	Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders	CB
Brigadier general	F. A. MacFarlane	1918	1920		CB
Colonel commandant	Clifford Coffin	1920	1924	Royal Engineers	VC, CB, DSO & Bar
Colonel commandant	Harold Higginson	1924	1927	Royal Dublin Fusiliers	CB, DSO & Bar
Brigadier	Austin Claude Girdwood	1927	1931	Northumberland Fusiliers	CB, CMG, DSO & Bar^[2]
Brigadier	E. F. Shewell	1931	1934	Royal Artillery	CMG, DSO^[3]
Brigadier	C. A. Lyon	1934	1937	Royal Artillery	DSO^[4]
Brigadier (local rank)	J. O. Thurburn^[5]	1937	1941	Royal Artillery	MC
Major general	Tim Inskip	1941	1942	13th Frontier Force Rifles	CB, CIE, DSO, MC
Lieutenant general	Henry Pownall^[6]	1942	1943	Royal Artillery	KBE, DSO & Bar, MC
Major general	Francis Tuker^[7]	March 1944	September 1944	Royal Sussex Regiment, 2nd Gurkha Rifles	KCIE, CB, DSO, OBE