Shutdown of ABS-CBN broadcasting
Date | May 5, 2020 |
---|---|
Also known as | ABS-CBN franchise renewal controversy |
Cause |
|
Participants |
|
Outcome |
|
The shutdown of ABS-CBN broadcasting arose from the lack of renewal of Philippine media network ABS-CBN's congressional broadcast franchise. The disputes between the administrations of Presidents Benigno Aquino III and Rodrigo Duterte and the media conglomerate arose over the terms and conditions of the franchise renewal agreement.[24][25][26] Amid the controversy, the Congress of the Philippines, the country's legislature, was unable to renew the franchise before its expiration date. The congressional franchise expired on May 4, 2020, while the Philippines was dealing with the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the enhanced community quarantine in Luzon.[27] The next day, exercising constitutional powers, the National Telecommunications Commission (NTC) issued a cease-and-desist order demanding ABS-CBN cease all of its free TV and radio broadcasting operations immediately. ABS-CBN complied with the government order and shut down all of its radio stations and free television channels later that day.[24] On June 30, 2020, the NTC released two alias cease-and-desist orders against ABS-CBN TV Plus and Sky Direct.[28]
For most of the 2010s decade starting from July 28, 2012 up until the early 2020s on September 10, 2020 (during the presidencies of Benigno Aquino III and Rodrigo Duterte), the network had an eight-year controversy regarding the renewal of their broadcast franchise. In 2014, they applied the renewal through private bills that had been pending in the House of Representatives but had not been addressed by either the 16th, 17th, or 18th Congresses of the Philippines.[24][25][29] Prominent figures in ABS-CBN Corporation, the political opposition in the Philippines, media advocacy groups,[25] and the international press[24][27] have labeled the refusal of Congress to renew the franchise as a result of Duterte's pressure for ABS-CBN to cease broadcasting and a direct attack on the country's democracy and press freedoms, although sources from the previous administration reported that there was lack of support for renewal because "Mr. Aquino’s allies felt the criticisms against the President were too personal and offensive and went to the point of nitpicking."[30] Duterte's ruling coalition maintains a supermajority in both chambers of Congress,[31][32] and Duterte criticized the ABS-CBN network for their allegedly biased and unfavorable news coverage against Duterte beginning with his presidential campaign in the 2016 Philippine presidential election,[33] repeatedly voicing his opposition against the renewal of the network's congressional franchise.[34] ABS-CBN subsequently appealed to the Supreme Court of the Philippines to nullify as unconstitutional the cease-and-desist order, which the Court likewise refused to do.
The resulting franchise expiration and withdrawal of its broadcast rights marked the first time ABS-CBN, considered a historical and cultural icon in the Philippines, had been off the air since the 1986 revolution, having been seized and liquidated by the authoritarian government of the Martial Law dictatorship from 1972 until the regime's collapse in 1986.[24] Critics of the Duterte government consider the NTC's cease-and-desist order and the denial of the franchise application as contributing to a growing democratic backsliding in the Philippines under the Duterte administration.[35]
Background
[edit]Congressional franchise to operate television and radio stations
[edit]As prescribed by the American Insular government-era Act No. 3846, or the Radio Control Act, which became effective in 1931 (later amended in 1963), broadcasting networks require a congressional franchise to operate television and radio stations, which usually lasts for up to 25 years.[36] ABS-CBN, which had been operating since July 11, 1946, made its first television broadcast on October 23, 1953, had last been granted a 25-year franchise extension on March 30, 1995, under Republic Act No. 7966 (but later implemented on May 4, 1995). This expired on May 4, 2020, as upheld by the Department of Justice (DOJ).[37]
Press freedom and democracy issues
[edit]The Philippines is touted to have the "freest and liveliest press" in Asia,[38][39][40] where media is considered a watchdog[41] and a "fourth estate" helping to maintain the checks and balances of democratic governance.[42][43]
Despite this, the country is consistently ranked as one of the world's most dangerous countries for journalists.[44][45][46] In May 2020, it slipped two spots down to 136th place (out of 180 countries) in the World Press Freedom Index.[47]
Media watchdogs such as Reporters Without Borders,[48] the Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility,[49] Amnesty International,[50] the Photojournalists' Center of the Philippines (PCP), Foreign Correspondents Association of the Philippines (FOCAP), and the Consortium on Democracy and Disinformation (D&D)[51] have noted that various forms of attacks against the press have increased since the Duterte administration came to power in 2016 – with the Philippine Daily Inquirer, news website Rappler, nonprofit media organizations like Vera Files and the Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism, and ABS-CBN being particular targets because of coverage critical of the administration.[51][44][52]
Many of these media watchdogs[51] have issued statements placing the ABS-CBN broadcast stoppage in the context of systemic attacks against press freedom in the Philippines.[51][52] Media groups and people's organizations denounced the shutdown order for being a loss of democracy, freedom of expression, and freedom of the press.[53][54] Some groups also placed the matter in the context of attacks and harassment aimed at those that criticize the government.[55][54]
ABS-CBN market share
[edit]The ABS-CBN broadcast network is acknowledged to be one of the Philippines' oldest and most influential media networks, run by the López family.[26] The company generates about 50 to 60 percent of the group's total annual revenue, mainly from selling airtime of its television and radio properties to advertisers. The remaining revenue is generated from consumer sales through the distribution of cable and international channels, operations of over-the-top platform services, and a family entertainment center in Taguig. According to the Philippine Competition Commission (PCC), ABS-CBN Corporation controlled "somewhere between 31% and 44%" of the Philippines' total television market as of 2020.[56]
Prior broadcast stoppage under Ferdinand Marcos
[edit]Before the 2020 stoppage, ABS-CBN had been closed down on September 23, 1972, when martial law under Ferdinand Marcos was announced and the station's television and radio stations were sequestered.[57][58] Marcos' Letter of Instruction No. 1-A, signed September 22, 1972, and addressed to the Secretary of the Department of National Defense, accused ABS-CBN and the Associated Broadcasting Corporation (now known as TV5) of delivering "deliberately slanted and overly exaggerated news stories and commentaries," of promoting the ends of the Communist Party of the Philippines, and of having been instrumental in an assassination attempt on Marcos.[59] This stoppage lasted until September 14, 1986, when ABS-CBN returned to air resulting from the recovery and return of the sequestered stations to the network.
During those 13 years, use of the company's frequencies (except DZXL-AM 620, awarded to KBS/RPN as DWWW, DZMM-AM 1000, awarded to GMA (later Nation Broadcasting Corporation) as DWXX (now DZAR Sonshine Radio), DZMY-AM 1160 awarded to BBC as DWWA, DZQL-AM 830, awarded to Office of Civil Defense as DZCA, and DZXL-TV 4, awarded to the government-owned National Media Production Center for the launch of Government Television as DWGT-TV in 1974) was awarded to the Banahaw Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) owned by Marcos crony and sugar plantation owner Roberto Benedicto and was launched on November 4, 1973. Under martial law, BBC formed a de facto media monopoly with Kanlaon Broadcasting System/Radio Philippines Network (KBS/RPN), Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation (IBC, acquired in 1975), and government-owned Government Television/Maharlika Broadcasting System (GTV/MBS). The company's headquarters, the ABS-CBN Broadcasting Center, was also sequestered without compensation from the network's owners and was renamed as Broadcast Plaza to serve as headquarters of BBC, KBS/RPN, GTV/MBS and, from 1980, the Bureau of Broadcasts (BB).[58][60] Moreover, copies of the old pre-Martial Law ABS-CBN shows had also been lost due to the raid by Marcos troops.[61]
Marcos was eventually deposed by the People Power Revolution of February 1986. The newly created revolutionary government agency Presidential Commission on Good Government (PCGG) sequestered and later dissolved BBC and returned the frequencies to ABS-CBN in September 7, 1986, eventually resuming broadcast on September 14, 1986.[62][63]
History
[edit]March 30, 1995 | RA 7966 grants ABS-CBN franchise until 2020[64] |
---|---|
July 28, 2012 | ABS-CBN chairman emeritus Eugenio “Gabby” Lopez III had a falling out with President Benigno Aquino III after the then-President publicly slammed veteran anchor Noli De Castro and other unnamed reporters for negative news about his administration. Aquino’s rant allegedly happened when he spoke at the 25th anniversary of ABS-CBN’s flagship newscast, TV Patrol.[65] |
December 12, 2012 | A resolution asking the Committee on Legislative Franchises to inquire, in aid of legislation, the "probable violations of ABS-CBN of its legislative franchise."[66] |
September 11, 2014 | HB 4997 filed by Isabela Rep. Giorgidi Aggabao.[67] Lapses at committee level.[68] |
May 5, 2016 | Airing of negative political ad by Antonio Trillanes criticizing then-presidential candidate Rodrigo Duterte's foul language[69] |
May 6, 2016 | Duterte running mate Alan Peter Cayetano files temporary restraining order in Taguig City Regional Trial Court against ABS-CBN Corporation and its executives to prevent the airing of anti-Duterte political ad[70] |
November 10, 2016 | HB 4349 filed by Rep. Micaela Violago[71] |
April-May 2017 | Duterte accuses ABS-CBN of "swindling", "estafa" over his unaired political ads[72] |
August 30, 2018 | HB 8163 filed by Karlo Nograles and Jericho Nograles[73] |
November 8, 2018 | Duterte says he will object to ABS-CBN franchise renewal[74] |
July 1, 2019 | HB 4349 lapses. Refiled in the 18th congress as HB 676[75] and signed by 20 more co-authors.[68] |
July 29, 2019 | HB 3064 filed by Rep. Jericho Nograles[76] |
August 6, 2019 | HB 3521 filed by Rep. Rose Marie Arenas[77] |
August 8, 2019 | HB 3713 filed by Rep. Joy Myra Tambunting[78] |
August 14, 2019 | HB 3947 filed by Laguna Rep. and former ABS-CBN reporter Sol Aragones[79] |
August 28, 2019 | Sen. Ralph Recto files SB 981[80] |
September 2, 2019 | HB 4305 filed by Batangas Rep. Vilma Santos-Recto[81] |
October 29, 2019 | Cayetano says Congress will deliberate.[82] |
November 25, 2019 | HB 5608 filed by Rep. Aurelio Gonzales, Rep. Johnny Pimentel, Rep. Salvador Leachon[83] |
December 3, 2019 | Duterte says he is "still angry", "will see to it that you [ABS-CBN] are out".[84] |
December 4, 2019 | Cayetano says Congress will no longer tackle franchise renewal in 2019.[85] HB 5705 filed by Rep. Rufus Rodriguez.[86] |
December 9, 2019 | HB 5753 filed by Rep. Josephine Ramirez-Sato[87] |
December 30, 2019 | Duterte says ABS-CBN should instead just sell their network[88] |
January 6, 2020 | Albay Rep. Edcel Lagman files HR 639 urging plenary action on the 8 pending house bills.[89][90] |
January 27, 2020 | HB 6052 filed by Makabayan bloc[91] |
January 30, 2020 | HB 6138 filed by Baguio City Rep. Mark Go[92] |
February 10, 2020 | Calida files quo warranto petition to the Supreme Court against ABS-CBN Corporation and ABS-CBN Convergence for its "highly abusive practices".[93] |
February 13, 2020 | HB 6293 filed by Rep. Loren Legarda[94] |
February 14, 2020 | Cayetano says franchise bills "not that urgent".[95] |
February 17, 2020 | Senate minority leader Franklin Drilon files Joint Resolution No. 11 to extend ABS-CBN franchise until 2022[96][97] |
February 18, 2020 | Calida asks the Supreme Court to issue gag order against ABS-CBN.[98] |
February 24, 2020 | Senate Committee on Public Services holds hearing. ABS-CBN CEO and president Carlo Katigbak clarifies unaired political ads. Apologizes for the negative ads, says not intended to offend the President.[99] BIR, SEC clear ABS-CBN of violation allegations.[100] |
February 26, 2020 | Duterte accepts Katigbak's apology. Tells ABS-CBN to donate the P2.9M political ad refund to charity.[101] House Committee on Legislative Franchises asked NTC to issue provisional authority.[102] CDO Rep Rufus Rodriguez filed House Joint Resolution 29 seeking to extend franchise until May 2021.[103] |
March 4, 2020 | Senate passes SRN-344 authorizing NTC to issue provisional authority[104][105] |
March 5, 2020 | Gadon files writ of prohibition against Cayetano, Cordoba and Alvarez, in order to stop NTC from granting ABS-CBN its provisional authority[68] Sen. Bong Revilla files SB 1403[106] |
March 11, 2020 | NTC Commissioner Gamaliel Cordoba says it will allow ABS-CBN to continue operations pending franchise renewal.[107]
Congress goes on recess. Bills for franchise renewal not passed.[68] |
May 1, 2020 | Cayetano says House has "no intention" to order network closure.[109] |
May 3, 2020 | World Press Freedom Day[110] Calida tells NTC officials they may face graft charges if they grant ABS-CBN provisional authority[111] |
May 4, 2020 | ABS-CBN franchise expires. Malacañang says it will not interfere; will let NTC decide.[112] |
May 5, 2020 | Cease-and-desist order from the NTC and Calida.[68] ABS-CBN goes off air.[113] |
May 7, 2020 | ABS-CBN requests a temporary restraining order from the Supreme Court so it may continue operating.[114] |
May 19, 2020 | The Supreme Court accepts the case.[115] |
June 30, 2020 | Two alias cease-and-desist orders from NTC and Calida.[116]
All the exclusive digital channels of ABS-CBN TV Plus ceased broadcasting.[117] |
July 10, 2020 | The House Committee on Legislative Franchises votes 70-11 to deny the 25-year franchise application of ABS-CBN, citing several issues.[119][120] |
July 11, 2020 | Calida says "the end has come. Justice has been served."[121] |
August 25, 2020 | The Supreme Court junks ABS-CBN's TRO petition against the NTC's closure order.[122] |
September 10, 2020 | The NTC recalls all channels and frequencies assigned to ABS-CBN.[123] |
September 18, 2020 | The European Parliament urges the Philippine government to grant ABS-CBN a broadcast license.[124] |
January 4, 2021 | SB 1967 filed by Senate Pres. Tito Sotto.[125] |
January 18, 2021 | HB 8298 filed by Batangas 6th District Rep. Vilma Santos-Recto.[126] HB 8322 filed by Albay 1st District Rep. Edcel Lagman.[127] |
January 19, 2021 | HB 8333 filed by Camarines Sur 3rd District Rep. Gabriel Bordado.[128] |
February 9, 2021 | President Rodrigo Duterte would not allow ABS-CBN to operate even if a franchise was given by the Congress unless the Lopez family already paid all of their taxes.[129][130] |
February 11, 2021 | House Speaker Lord Allan Velasco said that ABS-CBN's franchise renewal will have to wait until the 19th Congress in 2022.[131][132] |
Early renewal initiatives
[edit]On December 12, 2012, there was a resolution asking the Committee on Legislative Franchises to inquire, in aid of legislation, the "probable violations of ABS-CBN of its legislative franchise."[133]
In 2014 and 2015, ABS-CBN requested the 16th Congress to tackle the extension of its franchise early, although its renewal was not due until six years later, in 2020.[25]
Media sources in the legislature indicated that the network's 2016 initiative was the result of having been "particularly singled out" by supporters of President-elect Rodrigo Duterte because of the perception that they "consistently showed him in a negative light".[25] The Philippine Daily Inquirer reported that a member of the House legislative franchise committee said ABS-CBN "did not want to risk going through the renewal under an 'unfriendly' administration".[134]
The Inquirer's source also said that the initiative "lacked support from President Benigno Aquino III's allies in the House" because they felt that ABS-CBN's criticisms against Aquino were "too personal and offensive and went to the point of nitpicking".[134][25]
ABS-CBN eventually had to withdraw these franchise renewal initiatives due to time constraints.[25]
Ad controversies during the 2016 Philippine presidential campaign
[edit]Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte attributed his objection to the franchise renewal of ABS-CBN to an election ad controversy during the campaign leading up to the 2016 Philippine presidential election. He said the network refused to air his 2016 presidential campaign ads and favored the negative political ads paid by then-vice presidential candidate Antonio Trillanes critical of his remarks on the campaign trail.[135][136]
On February 24, 2020, the network's president and chief executive officer Carlo López Katigbak apologized to Duterte for not airing his political advertisements during his 2016 polls. Duterte accepted the apology, leaving the franchise's renewal to Congress.[137][138] ABS-CBN also offered to return the money spent for these advertisements, which Duterte declined, stating that the money should be donated to a charity instead.[137]
Meanwhile, Commission on Elections spokesperson James Jimenez defended the controversial ad as well within Election Law, under "Partisan Political Activity".[139][140]
Renewal initiatives during the 17th and 18th Congress
[edit]Non-renewal assertions by Congress
[edit]Throughout his term, which coincides with the 17th and 18th Congress, Duterte publicly reiterated that he would oppose the franchise renewal of ABS-CBN.[34][74]
Opposition lawmakers, as well as labor groups, objected to Duterte's stand on ABS-CBN as the franchise non-renewal will compromise the employees of the network; stating that the blocking of the franchise renewal had no merit.[141] Opposition groups have expressed their opinions that the non-renewal of the franchise violates press freedom.[51]
Duterte later changed his stance after the network's apology, stating that he would not interfere with the franchise renewal in Congress. However, Duterte did not say whether he would veto the bill or not.[137][138]
17th Congress
[edit]In November 2016, Nueva Ecija representative Micaela Violago filed House Bill 4349 in the 17th Congress to renew the network's franchise.[142][143] The 17th Congress adjourned sine die with the bill never getting out of committee.[144]
Deliberations during the 18th Congress
[edit]During the 18th Congress of the Philippines, at least 12 house representatives and two senators filed their versions for a new network franchise. House Speaker Alan Peter Cayetano made assurances that Congress will tackle the franchise with fairness.[145]
Bill number | Author/s | Date filed | Ref |
---|---|---|---|
HB 676 | Micaela Violago | July 1, 2019 | [75] |
HB 3064 | Jericho Nograles | July 29, 2019 | [76] |
HB 3521 | Rose Marie "Baby" Arenas | August 6, 2019 | [77] |
HB 3713 | Joy Myra Tambunting, Joseph Stephen Paduano (withdrew on July 9, 2020) | August 8, 2019 | [78] |
HB 3947 | Sol Aragones | August 14, 2019 | [79] |
SB 981 | Ralph Recto | August 28, 2019 | [80] |
HB 4305 | Vilma Santos-Recto | September 2, 2019 | [81] |
HB 5608 | Aurelio Gonzales, Johnny Pimentel, Salvador "Doy" Leachon | November 25, 2019 | [83] |
HB 5705 | Rufus Rodriguez | December 4, 2019 | [86] |
HB 5753 | Josephine Ramirez-Sato | December 9, 2019 | [87] |
HB 6052 | Carlos Zarate, Ferdinand Gaite, Eufemia Cullamat, France Castro, Sarah Jane Elago | January 27, 2020 | [91] |
HB 6138 | Mark Go | January 30, 2020 | [92] |
HB 6293 | Loren Legarda | February 13, 2020 | [94] |
SB 1403 | Ramon "Bong" Revilla Jr. | March 5, 2020 | [106] |
Bill number | Author/s | Date filed | Ref |
---|---|---|---|
HB 00431 | Johnny Pimentel | June 30, 2022 | [146] |
HB 01218 | France Castro, Arlene Brosas, Raoul Mannuel | July 7, 2022 | [147] |
On January 6, 2020, Albay representative Edcel Lagman filed House Resolution 639, urging the House Committee on Legislative Franchises for its immediate action on the several bills lodged to the committee.[89] At least 91 other representatives signed the resolution.[90]
On February 24, 2020, the Congress finally made its decision to tackle their franchise renewal.[148] During a Senate hearing on the same day, public services panel chair Grace Poe stated they were to tackle ABS-CBN's compliance with the terms and conditions of its franchise.[149] The conclusion was that there was no breach of laws or franchise terms. The following is a summary of the findings:
- The Bureau of Internal Revenue stated that ABS-CBN had fully complied with the tax requirements of the government. Sir Cabantac Jr., BIR Large Taxpayers Service head stated that the company had paid P14.298 billion from 2016 to 2019. In 2019, ABS-CBN also settled P152.44 million in tax payments with the BIR.[150]
- The Department of Labor and Employment cleared the media giant for its compliance with general labor standards, occupational safety and health, and security of tenure. Former ABS-CBN corporate services head Mark Nepomuceno said they also have contributed to mandatory employee benefits such as Social Security System, PhilHealth, and Pag-IBIG Fund. He also stated that ABS-CBN was no longer practicing end-of-contract scheme, as well as giving benefits to independent contributors varying per contract negotiation[150]
- Telecommunications Commissioner General Gamaliel Cordoba stated that franchise laws cover "commercial purposes", including pay-per-view service. Section 1 of Republic Act 7908, which allows ABS-CBN Covergence's broadcast operations, states that: "It is hereby granted a franchise to construct, operate, and maintain, for commercial purposes." Even though ABS-CBN introduced the service without NTC guidelines yet, the fine for such violation is a measly P200. Senate President Recto stated that the NTC can just impose a fine on ABS-CBN rather than shutdown.[150]
- Securities and Exchange Commission Commissioner Ephyro Amatong clarified that a legal interpretation from 1999 stated that Philippine Depository Receipts were not equivalent to certificates of ownership, which may have evolved in recent years. Senator Poe pointed out that companies should be notified of any changes in the legal interpretation of the investment instrument, as all media companies have to be 100% Filipino-owned. Issuing PDRs is a common practice among Philippine media outfits—including Rappler and GMA. The SEC has not yet conducted a review whether there are violations in ABS-CBN's PDRs, with Amatong saying he "would rather not make a categorical statement at this time" as to whether there are violations in ABS-CBN's PDRs, given the pending case at the Supreme Court, as of May 6, 2020.[150]
Quo warranto petition
[edit]On February 10, 2020, Solicitor General of the Philippines Jose Calida filed a quo warranto petition before the Supreme Court of the Philippines seeking to revoke ABS-CBN's franchise and that of its subsidiary ABS-CBN Convergence over alleged breaches of its franchise, including operating its pay-per-view service Kapamilya Box Office (KBO), constitutional restriction on foreign ownership of mass media, and resorted to an ingenious corporate layering scheme, to transfer its subsidiary's franchise without Congressional approval.[151] The network responded to disprove the allegations leveled against it.[152]
Within the same month, various congressmen urged the National Telecommunications Commission (NTC) to grant a provisional authority to ABS-CBN to continue operations after the lapse of its current franchise until Congress should have decided on its franchise application.[153] Having consulted with the Department of Justice (DOJ), the NTC affirmed in March 2020 that it would "likely" issue a provisional authority to ABS-CBN and "let ABS-CBN continue operations based on equity".[154] However, the Federation of International Cable TV and Telecommunications Associations of the Philippines (FICTAP) questioned the provisional authority, stating that it would be unconstitutional.[155]
On June 23, 2020, the Supreme Court of the Philippines dismissed the quo warranto petition to revoke ABS-CBN Corporation's franchise, stating that the petition was moot and academic as the franchise had already expired, therefore the Court would not be changing anything by voiding the franchise ab initio.[156] However, the quo warranto petition filed against ABS-CBN Convergence Inc. for allegedly illegally operating KBO[27] remains pending.[157]
Planned provisional authority cancellation
[edit]On March 5, 2020, lawyer Larry Gadon filed a petition for prohibition before the Supreme Court of the Philippines, seeking to stop Telecommunications Commissioner Gamaliel Cordoba, House Speaker Alan Peter Cayetano, and House Committee on Legislative Franchises Chairman Franz Alvarez from issuing ABS-CBN's provisional authority, saying the provisional authority to operate violates the doctrine of separation of powers.[158]
Sixteen days after the shutdown, Gadon announces that he is withdrawing the petition which he filed, seeking to stop Cordoba, Cayetano, and Alvarez from issuing provisional authority, stating that was rendered moot and the act sought to be prevented no longer exists.[159]
On June 2, 2020, the Supreme Court of the Philippines dismissed the petition for the prohibition against Telecommunications Commissioner Gamaliel Cordoba, House Speaker Alan Peter Cayetano, and House Committee on Legislative Franchises Chairman Franz Alvarez from issuing provisional authority, stating that the court does not deem it efficient.[160]
May 2020 broadcast shutdown
[edit]External videos | |
---|---|
"ABS-CBN goes off air in compliance with NTC order", ABS-CBN News via YouTube |
On May 3, 2020, Calida warned the NTC against granting the provisional authority to ABS-CBN, citing a Supreme Court decision in 2014, stating that provisional authority can only be granted after the franchise is secured in Congress.[153][151] In the same statement, Calida cautioned that the agency would put itself at risk of prosecution under the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act should they issue the provisional authority without a legal franchise being held by ABS-CBN's operating companies and that a 1991 DOJ opinion stating the NTC may issue provisional authority without a legal franchise was overturned by the Supreme Court.[151]
On May 5, 2020, Philippine House Committee on Legislative Franchises chairperson Franz Alvarez warned the NTC from backtracking. If they did, the NTC could be held in contempt for refusal to issue a provisional authority to ABS-CBN.[161] Six days before, the House Committee on Legislative Franchises issued a show cause order against NTC Commissioner Gamaliel Cordoba, Deputy Commissioners Edgardo Cabarios, Delilah Deles, and Legal Branch Head Ella Blanca Lopez to explain why should not be cited in contempt for issuing the cease and desist order against ABS-CBN.[162] The NTC responded by stating that it was legally bound to order the shutdown of ABS-CBN and apologized to the House of Representatives for failing to notify it of the shutdown order.[163]
On the same day, NTC issued a cease and desist order to immediately close its free-to-air broadcasting operations, including its radio stations DZMM, S+A, and MOR Philippines, following the expiration of its broadcast franchise the day before.[164][165][166][167] The cease and desist order covers 42 free television stations operated by ABS-CBN across the country, including the main ABS-CBN Network, ten digital broadcast channels, 18 FM stations, and five AM stations.
Following the news program TV Patrol, the network signed off the air at 7:52 pm (PST). ABS-CBN executives Carlo Katigbak and Mark Lopez aired statements on the program appealing the NTC's cease and desist order.[168][169] The newscast was also simulcast on DZMM, S+A, and MOR stations.[170] DZMM radio and television counterpart signed off at 8:20 pm, following SRO: Suhestyon, Reaksyon at Opinyon and rebranded simply as TeleRadyo following the newscast and the digital television networks available on ABS-CBN TV Plus including Asianovela Channel, Movie Central, and the terrestrial operations of Jeepney TV, Myx, O Shopping, and Knowledge Channel also signed off. After the cease and desist order, Cine Mo!, Yey!, and the KBO remain unaffected (during the television premiere of The Mall, The Merrier on KBO channel from May 1–6, 2020).
However, ABS-CBN News Channel (ANC), the cable operations of Knowledge Channel, The Filipino Channel (TFC), TeleRadyo (later TeleRadyo Serbisyo), and its sister cable channels (run by subsidiary Creative Programs including Metro Channel, which was named after Metro Magazines whose publisher is ABS-CBN Publishing), as well as its online properties, and production companies Star Music and Star Cinema, were allowed to continue as their operations are not contingent on the legislative franchise.[171]
Along with the order, NTC gave ABS-CBN 10 days to explain why its assigned frequencies should not be recalled.[172] In response on May 15, 2020, ABS-CBN reasoned that "it would be detrimental to the public interest as it would hamper the ability of ABS-CBN to immediately resume serving the public through its broadcasts, once the franchise is granted".[173] Additionally, House Bill 6732 was proposed by House Speaker Alan Peter Cayetano on May 13, 2020, which would have granted the network a provisional franchise to operate until October 31.[173][174] Subsequently, on May 27, 2020, NTC was told to refrain from carrying out the recall while the Congress deliberates on the measures to grant provisional franchise and a fresh franchise.[175]
Post-shutdown developments
[edit]On May 7, 2020, TV Patrol resumed broadcast on ABS-CBN News Channel, as it simulcast the program from the leading network since March due to the COVID-19 pandemic programming changes.[176] It was also simulcast on its news website, its Facebook and YouTube pages, as well as on The Filipino Channel to viewers outside the country. On May 8, 2020, the following day, TV Patrol began airing on Cine Mo! and returned on TeleRadyo.[177]
ABS-CBN Corporation filed a petition for certiorari and prohibition as well as temporary restraining order (TRO) to the Supreme Court of the Philippines, seeking to nullify the NTC's cease and desist order on May 7, 2020.[178] (See § Supreme Court case below.) The Senate and the House of the Representatives filed respective bills urging NTC to reconsider its order, as well as to abolish the agency itself.[179][180]
On May 8, 2020, TeleRadyo, resumed its regular programming airing the usual DZMM programming format.[181] TeleRadyo is carried through ABS-CBN TV Plus, making it one of three exclusive channels (the others being Cine Mo! and Yey!) that remain operational on digital free-to-air television after the NTC's order takes effect.[181] ABS-CBN later clarified in a statement that the three channels, along with Kapamilya Box Office channel, continued broadcasting and received in Metro Manila, Laguna province, Iloilo province, and selected areas of Baguio through a block time agreement with AMCARA Broadcasting Network (former owner of Studio 23 from its 1996 launch until ABS-CBN acquired a stake in AMCARA in 2010) owned by the Carandang family. On the same day, MOR Philippines also resumed its online and cable operations through a national programming service set up by the network's flagship station in Metro Manila.[182]
On May 11, 2020, House Representatives Paolo Duterte, Eric Go Yap, and Abraham Tolentino filed House Resolution No. 853, seeking to probe into the corporation's possible violation of its franchise.[183][184][185]
On June 1, 2020, Jeepney TV and Asianovela Channel resumed broadcasting on ABS-CBN TV Plus as temporary channel replacements for ABS-CBN and S+A, but both channels are still on free trial.[186]
On June 4, 2020, ABS-CBN announced on TV Patrol that a cable-and-satellite channel named Kapamilya Channel would launch on June 13, resuming the ABS-CBN productions and aired its entertainment, news and current affairs programming, along with movie blocks.[187] However, because of the "double blow" of the network's temporary suspension of production of entertainment programs during the enhanced community quarantine in Luzon caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and free TV shutdown due to expired franchise, some of its programs no longer pushed through. [188]
Alias cease-and-desist order
[edit]On June 30, 2020, the NTC issued an alias cease-and-desist order demanding ABS-CBN TV Plus to stop broadcasting all of its digital free-to-air channels on UHF Channel 43 in Metro Manila and some provinces, as well as Sky Direct to stop operating nationwide.[28]
Congressional hearings for a new franchise
[edit]On May 13, 2020, House Bill 6732, proposed by House Speaker Alan Peter Cayetano, which grants the network a provisional franchise to operate until October 31, 2020 "unless sooner revoked or canceled", was approved by the House of Representatives convening as a Committee of the Whole. The said bill was awaiting for third and final reading after which it would have been transmitted to the Senate;[174][189] but on May 19, 2020, the proposal was withdrawn with the chamber opting to go straight to hearing measures seeking to grant the media giant a fresh 25-year franchise.[190]
- The first day of hearings was held on May 26, under the auspices of the Joint Committee for Legislative Franchises, Good Governance, and Public Accountability, where ABS-CBN President and CEO Carlo Katigbak and Deputy Speaker Rodante Marcoleta gave their respective side's opening statements.[191]
- The second day, held on June 1, tackled the media conglomerate's ownership concerns.[192]
- The third day was held on June 3, mainly focused on Eugenio Lopez III's citizenship.[193]
- The fourth hearing was held on June 8, which also focused on Lopez III's citizenship.[194] These first days of the hearings focused on Eugenio Lopez III dual citizenship status being a Filipino and an American citizen at the same time.
- The fifth hearing was held on June 11, which tackled the legalities of ABS-CBN's issuance of PDRs or Philippine Depositary Receipts.[195] During the course of the hearing, the PDRs were determined to be legal but these raised questions on the real motives of the financial instrument.
- The sixth hearing was held on June 15, tackled the media conglomerate's closure during Marcos regime and return to the Lopez family after the People Power Revolution in 1986.[196] Questions on the return to the Lopez family were raised in particular to the arbitrary procedure and the settlement agreement that were agreed upon.
- The seventh hearing was held on June 17, which was attended by former Senate president Juan Ponce Enrile, tackled the constitutional 50-year limit on congressional franchises and airing of a program on DXAS-TV (ABS-CBN Davao) hosted by Duterte called Gikan sa Masa, Para sa Masa.[197]
- The eighth hearing was held on June 29, tackled the network's blocktime agreement with AMCARA Broadcasting Network for continuous airing of the network's programs on free-to-air digital television through DWBM-TV (UHF Channel 43) in ABS-CBN TV Plus set-top box in Metro Manila, Laguna, selected areas of Baguio, and Iloilo.[198] During the hearings, questions were raised both to AMCARA and ABS-CBN on the seemingly long term block time arrangements.
- The ninth hearing was held on June 30, tackled the media conglomerate's labor issues.[199] Questions were raised on program-based contracts and independent contractors which are prevalent in most broadcasting companies.[200]
- The tenth hearing was held on July 1, tackled the media conglomerate's tax delinquencies.[citation needed] Questions were raised regarding the actual tax payments of ABS-CBN pointing out to government tax incentives that were availed.[citation needed]
- The eleventh hearing was held on July 2, continuing the issues on taxes and labor practices.[citation needed]
- The twelfth hearing was held on July 6, tackling allegations of biased reporting from the network and its coverage of the 2016 general election, and also tackled issues regarding inappropriate program content on some concluded programs of ABS-CBN.[citation needed]
- The thirteenth hearing which was a summation of arguments was held on July 9, with Representatives Carlos Zarate and Rodante Marcoleta respectively delivering the closing arguments for, and against the renewal.[citation needed]
- On July 10, members of the House of Representatives, particularly the Committee on Legislative Franchises, voted 70–11 to deny the franchise application of ABS-CBN, citing several issues on the network's franchise.[5][1]
Supreme Court case
[edit]ABS-CBN Corporation v. National Telecommunications Commission | |
---|---|
Court | Supreme Court of the Philippines |
Submitted | May 7, 2020 |
Started | May 19, 2020 |
Verdict | Dismissed (holding for the NTC) |
Citation | G.R. No. 252119[201] |
Questions presented | |
Is the ABS-CBN broadcast stoppage of "transcendental" constitutional importance? If so, was the NTC's CDO legal? | |
Outcome | |
As Congress has the sole authority to grant legislative franchises, the Court would be acting beyond its authority under the principle of the separation of powers if it were to restore either ABS-CBN's temporary NTC permit to use the frequencies it had once been assigned, or for that matter its permanent franchise. |
On May 7, 2020, ABS-CBN filed a petition for certiorari and prohibition asking the Court to issue a temporary restraining order (TRO) against the implementation of the National Telecommunications Commission's cease and desist order.[202][203] If granted, this TRO would allow them to operate until the case is decided.[204] However, some lawyers have questioned the legal merits of the petition,[203][205] as it was filed right to the Supreme Court, even before a motion for reconsideration before the NTC or a case in the Court of Appeals.[203] In the petition, ABS-CBN argues that it is proper to have filed first in the Supreme Court, as the case in their view involves "genuine issues of constitutionality that must be addressed at the most immediate time"[202]: 17 and that their petition is of "transcendental importance".[202]: 18 On May 18, Larry Gadon filed a motion for consolidation against the ABS-CBN's temporary restraining order, stating that it violates the hierarchy of the courts and the case must be filed at the CA.[206] The following day, the Court accepted the case, ordered the NTC to reply, and impleaded both the House and Senate and dismissing Gadon's plea for a consolidation.[207] The NTC filed its required comment on May 26.[208]
The Supreme Court set a further hearing for July 13 on the merits of the petition, though there may not be a ruling on that date.[209] However, the hearing was rescheduled to August 4, 2020.[210]
The petition to issue a temporary restraining order was dismissed by the Supreme Court on August 25, 2020.[211][212] In its ruling, the Court invoked the principle of the separation of powers, leaving the matter to Congress.[201]
House of Representatives votes on the franchise renewal
[edit]The following is a list of how members of the House Committee on Legislative Franchises voted.[213][214]
NO to the resolution denying the renewal of the ABS-CBN franchise (11):[215]
- Sol Aragones – Laguna, 3rd District
- Christopher de Venecia – Pangasinan, 4th District
- Carlos Zarate – Bayan Muna Party-list
- Gabriel Bordado – Camarines Sur, 3rd District
- Vilma Santos – Batangas, 6th District
- Lianda Bolilia – Batangas, 4th District
- Jose I. Tejada – North Cotabato, 3rd District
- Bienvenido Abante – Manila, 6th District
- Stella Quimbo – Marikina, 2nd District
- Mujiv Hataman – Basilan, Lone District
- Edward Maceda – Manila, 4th District
YES to the resolution denying the ABS-CBN franchise (77 - Note: Unofficial list compiled from various news sources. Congressmen refuse to release official list. According to Prof. Jean Franco, associate professor for the University of the Philippines Political Science Department, this translates to lack of transparency and accountability. Franco also stated that the congressmen may be hiding their votes out of fear of vendetta.):[216]
- Raneo "Ranie" E. Abu – Batangas, 2nd District
- Beng Abueg – Palawan, 2nd District
- Gil Acosta Jr. – Palawan, 3rd District
- Tonypet Albano – Isabela, 1st District
- Samantha Louise Vargas Alfonso – Cagayan, 2nd District
- Juan Miguel "Mikey" Macapagal Arroyo – Pampanga, 2nd District
- Cristal L. Bagatsing – Manila, 5th District
- Julienne "Jam" L. Baronda – Iloilo City, Lone District
- Elpidio "Pidi" F. Barzaga, Jr. – Cavite, 4th District
- Claudine Diana "Dendee" D. Bautista – DUMPER PTDA Party-list[217]
- Juan Pablo "Rimpy" P. Bondoc – Pampanga, 4th District
- Antonio "Tony" Calixto – Pasay, Lone District (representing Rep. J. Lacson-Noel)
- Precious Hipolito Castelo – Quezon City, 2nd District
- Joaquin "Jun" M. Chipeco Jr. – Calamba, Lone District
- Ma. Theresa "Maitet" V. Collantes – Batangas, 3rd District
- Anthony Peter "Onyx" Crisologo – Quezon City, 1st District
- Francisco "Jun" Datol† – SENIOR CITIZENS Party-list (representing Rep. M. Romero)
- Michael "Mike" Defensor – ANAKALUSUGAN Party-list (representing Rep. R. Puno)
- Paolo "Pulong" Z. Duterte – Davao City, 1st District
- Faustino Michael Carlos T. Dy III – Isabela, 5th District
- Faustino "Inno" A. Dy V – Isabela, 6th District
- Ian Paul L. Dy – Isabela, 3rd District
- Conrado M. Estrella III – Abono Partylist
- Ria Christina G. Fariñas – Ilocos Norte, 1st District
- Danilo "Dan" S. Fernandez – Laguna, 1st District
- Bayani F. Fernando – Marikina, 1st District
- Luis "Jon-Jon" Ferrer IV – Cavite, 6th District
- Pablo John F. Garcia – Cebu, 3rd District
- Janette L. Garin (Ex-Officio) – Iloilo, 1st District
- Sharon S. Garin – AAMBIS-OWA Party-list
- Weslie Gatchalian – Valenzuela, 1st District
- Aurelio "Dong" Gonzales, Jr. - Pampanga, 3rd District
- Sandro Gonzales – Marino Party-list (representing Rep. P. Pichay)
- Eduardo "Eddie" R. Gullas – Cebu, 1st District
- Ferdinand L. Hernandez - South Cotabato, 2nd District
- Bernadette "BH" Herrera-Dy – BH Party-List
- Dulce Ann K. Hofer – Zamboanga Sibugay, 2nd District
- Josephine Veronique R. Lacson-Noel - Malabon City, Lone District
- Eleandro Jesus F. Madrona – Romblon, Lone District
- Dale "Along" R. Malapitan – Caloocan, 1st District
- Esmael "Toto" G. Mangudadatu – Maguindanao, 2nd District
- Rodante D. Marcoleta – Sagip Party-list
- Eric M. Martinez – Valenzuela, 2nd District
- Francisco Jose "Bingo" Matugas II – Surigao del Norte, 1st District (representing Rep. J. Pimentel)
- Raymond Democrito C. Mendoza – Trade Union Congress of the Philippines Party-list
- Roger G. Mercado – Southern Leyte, Lone District
- John Marvin "Yul Servo" C. Nieto – Manila, 3rd District
- Juan Fidel Felipe Nograles – Rizal, 2nd District (representing Rep. F. Hernandez)
- Jericho Jonas B. Nograles – Puwersa ng Bayang Atleta Party-list
- Henry S. Oaminal – Misamis Occidental, 2nd District
- Joseph Stephen "Caraps" S. Paduano – ABANG LINGKOD Party-list
- Wilter "Sharky" Wee Palma II – Zamboanga Sibugay, 1st District
- Prospero A. Pichay, Jr. - Surigao del Sur, 1st District
- Johnny Ty Pimentel - Surigao del Sur, 2nd District
- Enrico A. Pineda – 1-PACMAN Party-list
- Roberto V. Puno - Antipolo City, 1st District
- Jesus Crispin "Boying" C. Remulla – Cavite, 7th District
- Strike B. Revilla – Cavite, 2nd District
- Michael L. Romero, Ph.D. – 1-PACMAN Party-list
- Ferdinand Martin G. Romualdez – Leyte, 1st District
- Yedda Marie K. Romualdez – Tingog Sinirangan Party-list
- Xavier Jesus D. Romualdo – Camiguin, Lone District
- Deogracias Victor Savellano – Ilocos Sur, 1st District
- Frederick W. Siao – Iligan, Lone District
- Jose "Bonito" C. Singson, Jr. – PROBINSYANO AKO Party-list
- Jose "Kuya" Antonio Sy-Alvarado – Bulacan, 1st District
- Alyssa Sheena P. Tan – Isabela, 4th District
- Sharee Ann T. Tan – Samar, 2nd District
- Arnolfo "Arnie" A. Teves, Jr. – Negros Oriental, 3rd District
- Abraham "Bambol" N. Tolentino – Cavite, 8th District
- Allan Ty – LPGMA Party-list
- Christian S. Unabia – Misamis Oriental, 1st District
- Rolando M. Valeriano – Manila, 2nd District
- Luis Raymond "LRay" Villafuerte, Jr. – Camarines Sur, 2nd District
- Camille A. Villar – Las Piñas, Lone District
- Eric Go Yap – ACT-CIS Partylist
- Divina Grace C. Yu – Zamboanga del Sur, 1st District
Recused from voting (2):
- Alfred Vargas – Quezon City, 5th District, citing "conflict of interest."
- Micaela Violago – Nueva Ecija, 2nd District
Abstained from voting (1):
- Alfredo Garbin Jr. – AKO BICOL Party-list
Recall of frequencies and channels
[edit]On September 10, 2020, the NTC issued an order recalling all TV and radio frequencies and channels assigned to ABS-CBN and its related radio and local TV stations. The NTC cited the absence of a "valid legislative franchise" as justification for the order. In addition, the NTC also said that all provisional authorities and certificates of public convenience granted to ABS-CBN were also revoked and canceled.[218][219][220]
Blocktime deals and partnership agreements
[edit]ZOE Broadcasting Network
[edit]On October 6, 2020, ABS-CBN Corporation announced a deal with ZOE Broadcasting Network to air ABS-CBN shows from its owned television network on Channel 11's A2Z (formerly ZOE TV) on October 10, after almost three years of speculated rumors. Alongside, the network would also air Light TV-produced programs, ZOE's content partners including CBN Asia and Trinity Broadcasting Network, and others including its blocktimers, licensors, and providers, similar to what GMA News TV (formerly QTV/Q and later GTV) has done before.[221][222]
A month of launching of the said new channel, the NTC were reportedly to investigate ABS-CBN and ZOE Broadcasting Network if the said blocktime agreement of two stations are processed in legal ways.[6][7]
Brightlight Productions, TV5, and Cignal TV
[edit]On January 18, 2021, the Philippine Star's entertainment columnist Ricky Lo reported that a possible partnership between ABS-CBN and its rival TV5 might happen very soon through its programming partner Cignal TV, which allowed ABS-CBN to air its programs on the rival network and its regional stations, aside from its existing agreement with ZOE Broadcasting Network (which only limited to Mega Manila area).[223] The partnership become evident when ABS-CBN's flagship Sunday variety show ASAP, along with the FPJ: Da King movie block is reported to be carried on TV5 beginning January 24, replacing the Brightlight Productions blocktimers, namely Sunday Noontime Live!, I Got You and Sunday 'Kada (which were headlined by some ABS-CBN talents).[224] Both ABS-CBN and TV5 later confirmed this move in collaboration with Brightlight Productions and Cignal TV on January 21, with a movie block FPJ: Da King starring Fernando Poe Jr. also included in the Sunday's lineup.[225][226]
According to TV5 Network and Cignal TV chairman Manuel V. Pangilinan on the addition of more ABS-CBN shows on the network, he said that for now it is "too early" to consider for a said expansion,[227] that is until March 5 where ABS-CBN and TV5 confirmed that ABS-CBN's Primetime Bida shows carried on the said network on March 8.[228]
GMA Network
[edit]In December 2022, executives of both GMA Network and ABS-CBN discussed a collaboration of a television series, with both companies casting their respective artists and the latter's production unit Dreamscape Entertainment developing the romantic drama series Unbreak My Heart.[138]
On June 20, 2023, ABS-CBN Corporation and GMA Network extended their collaboration to broadcast noontime variety show It's Showtime on GTV starting July 1, 2023, as well as its temporary replacement It's Your Lucky Day from October 14 to 28, 2023 due to the former's suspension.[229][230][231] And on April 6, 2024, It's Showtime aired on GMA Network.[232][233]
Advanced Media Broadcasting System
[edit]On April 15, 2024, AMBS' All TV started its simulcast of Jeepney TV programs (which are mostly ABS-CBN program reruns under its former frequency), TV Patrol and its weekend edition, as well as Magandang Buhay, It's Showtime and Goin' Bulilit, which marked ABS-CBN's return to channels 2 and 16 in Mega Manila and regional channels, under a blocktime agreement between Advanced Media Broadcasting System and ABS-CBN Corporation.[234][235][236][237][238]
2021 franchise approval initiatives
[edit]On December 8, 2020, Buhay Party-List Representative and Deputy Speaker Lito Atienza said that the approval of the ABS-CBN franchise might happen on 2021 under the House leadership of Lord Allan Velasco, as he assures the speaker to give some ample time to settle the franchise.[239] On January 4, 2021, Senate President Tito Sotto filed a Senate Bill No. 1967 that seeks to grant ABS-CBN's franchise for another 25 years,[240] with at least 16 senators backing its support for Sotto's bill.[241] Later that day, Batangas 6th District Representative and Deputy Speaker Vilma Santos-Recto, one of the 11 representatives who voted in favor of the franchise on July 10, 2020, said that she will refile her same franchise bill in the House,[242] which Santos-Recto filed a House Bill No. 8298 on January 18.[243] However, SAGIP Party-List Representative Rodante Marcoleta, one of the 70 representatives who voted against the franchise on July 10, 2020, and the host of Net 25's public affairs program, Sa Ganang Mamamayan (lit. For Citizens), reiterated that "major changes are needed" for the network to be able to regain its franchise.
On February 9, 2021, during his public address and an IATF meeting over government-owned People's Television Network, Duterte said that he will not allow ABS-CBN to operate, even if a franchise was given to them by Congress until they settle their taxes.[244][245] The following day, Presidential Spokesperson Harry Roque, in his Malacañang virtual press briefing, said that Duterte would leave it to the Office of the Ombudsman to investigate ABS-CBN over alleged unpaid taxes and condonation of the network's soured loans.[246][247]
On February 11, 2021, House Speaker Lord Allan Velasco said that ABS-CBN's franchise renewal will have to wait until 2022.[248][249]
Frequency reassignment
[edit]On July 26, 2021, during Duterte's State of the Nation Address, Duterte intended to reassign the former frequencies of ABS-CBN to different companies.[250]
Television
[edit]On January 5, 2022, Advanced Media Broadcasting System (which airs its flagship TV station ALLTV), backed by the Villar Group through Planet Cable, was awarded a provisional authority license for the Channel 2 analog frequency and its digital counterpart Channel 16 frequency by the National Telecommunications Commission.[10][11] On January 26, Channel 23 (DWAC-TV's frequency), was awarded to Aliw Broadcasting Corporation, and Channel 43 was awarded to Sonshine Media Network International.[251]
Radio (FM and AM)
[edit]In 2021, DYEA 99.7 in Palawan was awarded to Bandera News Philippines as Radyo Bandera 99.7.
On March 29, 2023, DWRR-FM 101.9 in Metro Manila was awarded to Christian Bible Baptist Church as The Anchor 101.9 in San Pedro, Laguna.
On April 24, 2023, DXRR-FM 101.1 in Davao City was awarded to Berean Bible Baptist Church of Ecoland as 101.1 Anchor Radio.[citation needed]
On May 23, 2023, 630 KHz in Metro Manila was awarded to Baycomms Broadcasting Corporation as DWPM Radyo 630, however, its operations are controlled by MediaSerbisyo Corporation, a joint venture between Prime Media Holdings (through subsidiary Philippine Collective Media Corporation) and ABS-CBN Corporation under an airtime lease agreement.[252]
House of Representatives briefing on the ABS-CBN/TV5 deal and cancellation
[edit]On August 16, 2022, the House of Representatives has originally set a briefing on the investment of ABS-CBN in TV5 on August 18,[253] however the briefing silently announced its cancellation on the following day that was scheduled to happen on that day.[254] Rodante Marcoleta commented on the deal.[255]
Reactions and aftermath
[edit]Prior to shutdown
[edit]Before the expiration of the broadcast franchise, ABS-CBN talents and employees conducted weekly demonstrations in front of its headquarters in Quezon City as well as in its regional stations from January to February 2020.[256][257] During these demonstrations, presidential daughter and incumbent Davao City mayor Sara Duterte expressed support for the franchise renewal.[258]
After broadcast stoppage
[edit]The NTC's cease and desist order on ABS-CBN was met by widespread criticism by the Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster ng Pilipinas (KBP) (in which the network is one of its members),[259] as well as various advocacy groups,[260][261] business organizations,[262][263] the Philippine Catholic church,[264][265][266] and even some members of the Congress. Several journalists and celebrities from the network and its rival GMA Network expressed solidarity with ABS-CBN after it was ordered to cease its radio and TV broadcast.[267][268] In addition, former president Benigno Aquino III criticized the shutdown of ABS-CBN, stating that Duterte and his administration made their own "unnecessary problem".[269] The hashtag #NoToABSCBNShutDown topped the local and worldwide Twitter trending lists the same day.[270]
Within a day, numerous colleges and universities in the Philippines, including the UPLB College of Development Communication, Ateneo de Manila University and its Communication Department, the University of Santo Tomas, St. Scholastica's College and its Mass Communication Department, De La Salle University, and the UP Diliman College of Mass Communication released statements supporting the franchise renewal of ABS-CBN.[271]
The network's shutdown was noted to have placed the job security of 11,000 ABS-CBN employees in jeopardy during the COVID-19 pandemic, though the company assured them a stable salary, as well as a complete health and financial benefits for the next two months following the shutdown.[24][27] In response, the government may give a 2-month aid to the employees of ABS-CBN.[272]
GMA Network's shares increased by 24% as the Philippine Stock Exchange voluntarily suspended ABS-CBN's trading. However, investors remained cautious about GMA's stock rally due to the effects of the shutdown on business confidence.[273][274]
Duterte denied involvement with the network's shutdown,[275] despite earlier assertions that he would oppose its franchise renewal.[34] His spokesman, Harry Roque, also thanked the network for its assistance to the country during the COVID-19 pandemic.[137][276] According to Roque, Duterte could not mark the bill renewing ABS-CBN's franchise as urgent as it would involve private interest and that Duterte would be neutral to the renewal.[277]
On May 5, 2020, GMA Network's primetime news program 24 Oras, interviewed the Federation of International Cable TV and Telecommunications Association of the Philippines (FICTAP) President Estrellita Juliano Tamano, who claimed that ABS-CBN violated their 1995 legislative broadcast by airing six channels. She argued that ABS-CBN should be instead broadcasting in one channel only and instead file for a new franchise for each channel they broadcast.[278][279]
On May 7, 2020, Philippine Cable and Telecommunications Association Inc (PCTA) President Ronaldo Manlapig argued that there is no need to file for a separate franchise for each channel as ABS-CBN uses digital transmission for their frequency, despite the multiple channels.[280][281]
Public criticism in the early days after the shutdown revolved around the NTC, for lack of fairness on the agency's cease and desist order on the network, and Congress – especially the lower house – for inaction to pass the franchise renewal bill.[282][283]
ABS-CBN's shutdown received international attention as news websites, magazines, newspapers, and broadcasters from around the world published stories on the network's shutdown.[284][a]
The discontinuation of ABS-CBN's terrestrial broadcast operations created difficulties during the onslaught of Typhoon Vongfong (Ambo), when authorities and residents of some distant provinces, including Aurora, Quezon, and Sorsogon, reported being unable to get updated information about the typhoon from other sources because ABS-CBN was the only national television station whose signal could reach them, and internet data was hard to get in their area.[299][300]
On June 4, 2020, it was announced that Kapamilya Channel would air programs from ABS-CBN such as Ang Probinsyano and ASAP Natin 'To beginning June 13, 2020, on cable and satellite TV providers nationwide.[301]
After the committee vote
[edit]Some members of Congress expressed dismay over the decision, including Cagayan de Oro Rep. Rufus Rodriguez, who called the denial "defying evidence".[302] Progressive and sectoral groups in the Philippines such as Akbayan, Kilusang Magbubukid ng Pilipinas, and Pamalakaya also slammed the body for the vote.[303] However, on July 13, 2020, Speaker Alan Peter Cayetano stood by the decision to deny the network its franchise.
From July 11 until the end of the month, supporters organized a nightly noise barrage in front of the ABS-CBN studios in Quezon City in opposition to the verdict. Other similarly styled demonstrations were held in front of respective ABS-CBN stations in Davao City, Bacolod, and Naga, Camarines Sur.[304][305] On July 26, demonstrations in Cagayan de Oro were marred after three funeral wreaths containing ribbons glorifying unidentified individuals left the New People's Army in front of the ABS-CBN station in the city. National Union of Journalists of the Philippines Western Mindanao Safety Officer JB Deveza called such action "a form of death threat" aimed to intimidate the network employees, and the action appeared to be a part of a coordinated red-tagging operation.[306]
On July 16, a movement named People's Initiative for Reforms and Movement for Action (PIRMA), an independent and organic collective of concerned Filipinos moving to advance reforms via people's initiative and referendum launched a signature campaign called "PIRMA Kapamilya" that aims to grant ABS-CBN a people's franchise via democratic experiment of a people's initiative.[307] The signature campaign started on July 25 and aimed to gather 7 million signatures nationwide (3% of registered voters in each legislative district and at least 10% of total registered voters) as a requirement for the COMELEC to call for a referendum on the franchise.[308]
In a related manner, Kantar Media Philippines (ABS-CBN's main client and partner) originally announced the closure of its television ratings service by the end of 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the broadcast stoppage of ABS-CBN,[309] however, the decision was reversed following the block time deal between ABS-CBN and ZOE, as well as retaining the majority of its existing staff.[310]
In a related manner, boxing promotion company ALA Promotions (promoted the Pinoy Pride series of bouts aired on ABS-CBN and its sister network, S+A) announced its closure on August 18, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the broadcast stoppage of ABS-CBN, while its gym division ALA Gym remained operational.[311][312][313][314][315][316]
Cessations and retrenchments
[edit]On July 15, 2020, ABS-CBN released a statement that it would lay off a number of its workers and close down some of its business operations in light of the denial of the franchise effective August 31.[317] As of December 15, 2022, there were about 5,955 employees and workers that were displaced, retrenched, or laid off by the company itself, according to the Department of Labor and Employment (Philippines).[318][319]
According to a town-hall meeting called by management hours before the release of the statement, among the first entities bound to close were:
- all MOR Philippines terrestrial radio stations including its flagship, MOR 101.9 in Manila.[320][321] After the said date, MOR eventually consolidated its programming to different new media (online) skeletal stations including Manila, Baguio, Cagayan de Oro, Cebu and Davao.
- the ABS-CBN Film Archives and its film restoration program. This led to the ABS-CBN Film Restoration Project rushing to complete the restoration of the 1984 film Soltero before the retrenchment date.[322]
- ABS-CBN Regional, with the 12 regional editions of TV Patrol and their 10 respective provincial morning programs ending their broadcasts on August 28.[323] After the said date, its regional news bureaus remained open in different areas including Baguio, Cagayan de Oro, Cebu City and Davao City.
- the current affairs and documentary divisions of the ABS-CBN News and Current Affairs, tasked for programs such as My Puhunan (now My Puhunan, Kaya Mo! on Kapamilya Channel and A2Z), Matanglawin, Kuha Mo! (now Kuha All! on All TV), Failon Ngayon and Rated K (now Rated Korina on TV5, Kapamilya Channel and A2Z), resulted to being unceremoniously cancelled. It eventually revived around 2022 with the premiere of KBYN: Kaagapay ng Bayan.
- the comedy division of the ABS-CBN Entertainment, tasked for shows such as Home Sweetie Home (now Happy Together on GMA Network) and Banana Sundae (now Sunday 'Kada on TV5), resulted to being unceremoniously cancelled. It eventually revived around 2024 with the return of Goin' Bulilit after a nearly five-year hiatus.[324][325]
Other company divisions that announced their respective dissolution and reduction of workforces prior to or beyond the July 15 announcement and the August 31 deadline would take effect, unless otherwise noted were:
- ACJ O Shopping Corporation (joint venture between ABS-CBN and CJ ENM O Shopping Division that owned O Shopping) on July 8, with its retrenchment begun on August 7 and closure on November 1,[326][327] only retaining its online portal until November 15.
- ABS-CBN Sports and ABS-CBN University on July 16. The closure of the sports division left the broadcast contracts of collegiate leagues such as the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP; now with Cignal TV) and National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA; now with GMA Network), the now-professional Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (MPBL; now with Cignal TV) and the Premier Volleyball League (PVL; now with Cignal TV) in jeopardy.[328][329][330]
- Creative Communication Management (CCM) division on July 18, reducing its workforce from a high of over 170 creatives to a group of 20 on August 31.[331]
- ABS-CBN Digital Media's owned platform One Music PH on July 20,[332] but later revived in August 2021.
- KidZania Manila (owned 73% by ABS-CBN Theme Parks & Resorts and operated by Play Innovations, Inc.) on July 22, with its closure on August 31.[333] As of 2023, the establishment is currently occupied by Livezen Health & Wellness located at Park Triangle in Bonifacio Global City, Taguig City.
- ABS-CBN Tulong Center on July 29, with its closure on August 1.[334]
- ABS-CBN's executive dining restaurant Restaurant 9501[335] and lifestyle website Chalk.ph[336] on August 8.
- the company's loyalty freebies program Kapamilya, Thank You! on August 15.
- other ABS-CBN assets including ABS-CBN Studio Tours, ABS-CBN Store, ABS-CBN Studio Experience at TriNoma, Hado Pilipinas,[337] and multi-channel network Adober Studios on August 28. As of 2023, ABS-CBN Studio Experience is currently occupied by the expansion of Timezone located at the 4th Level of TriNoma. On the other hand, ABS-CBN Store was reopened on June 27, 2024.
Long-term effects
[edit]Information barriers during various typhoons
[edit]The ABS-CBN shutdown was attributed to information gaps during the media coverage of typhoons that occurred since November 2020, particularly Super Typhoon Rolly,[338][339] Typhoon Ulysses,[340] and Super Typhoon Odette,[341] with reports noting the void left by the closure of its provincial news bureaus and lack of a substantial signal reach in provinces far from Manila.
Presidential spokesperson Harry Roque, however, disagreed with netizens claiming that the shutdown of ABS-CBN exposed “information gaps” in calamities such as Super Typhoon Rolly. Responding to a question, Roque said both private and government media are doing their best in providing news updates to keep the public informed.[342] Roque also vehemently refuted the claim of Vice President Leni Robredo that the absence of ABS-CBN's regional unit left some residents in the dark. Roque said his team has been holding public briefings to update Filipinos about the national situation amid recent calamities.[343]
Chilling effect
[edit]Media experts noted that the shutdown of ABS-CBN has had a chilling effect on newsrooms in the country.[344][345] Journalism professor Rolando Tolentino defines "chilling effect" as the discouragement of free speech and other legal rights via legal sanction.[346] According to the Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility, after the shutdown, fear had taken over some newsrooms resulting in reluctance to do investigative reports.[344] Journalism professor Danilo Arao said the chilling effect caused coverage by some media outlets to become skewed to favor the President Duterte administration and its supporters.[345]
See also
[edit]- Media of the Philippines
- Television in the Philippines
- Manila Chronicle - A newspaper in the Philippines and ABS-CBN's sister company that has been forcefully closed down by the government.
- 1972 Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos – an era in Philippine history that forced the first shutdown of ABS-CBN until 1986, despite it being lifted five years prior.
- Banahaw Broadcasting Corporation
- Radio Philippines Network
- Sonshine Media Network International
Notes
[edit]- ^ These include:
- The New York Times[27]
- The Washington Post[24]
- Variety[285]
- Deadline Hollywood[286]
- BBC News[33]
- CBS News[287]
- Time[26]
- Al Jazeera[167]
- CNN (not to be confused with CNN Philippines)[288]
- The Guardian[289]
- Associated Press[290]
- ABC News Australia (not to be confused with the American news organization of the same name)[291]
- NHK[292][293]
- KBS[294]
- Yonhap News Agency[295]
- Financial Times[296]
- CNA[297]
- The Straits Times[298]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Cervantes, Filane Mikee (July 10, 2020). "Several issues led to denial of ABS-CBN franchise bid: House body". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on July 10, 2020. Retrieved July 10, 2020.
- ^ Cervantes, Filane Mikee (May 26, 2020). "ABS-CBN didn't comply with franchise terms, laws: House leader". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on June 11, 2020. Retrieved July 16, 2020.
- ^ Pulta, Benjamin (February 12, 2020). "Calida details ABS-CBN 'monopoly' practices in quo warranto suit". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on February 14, 2020. Retrieved July 16, 2020.
- ^ Quismorio, Ellson (July 2, 2020). "Amcara signal comes from ABS-CBN tower, NTC tells House". Manila Bulletin. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved July 16, 2020.
- ^ a b Cervantes, Filane Mikee (July 10, 2020). "House panel junks ABS-CBN's bid for a 25-year franchise". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on July 10, 2020. Retrieved July 10, 2020.
- ^ a b "Solon calls for investigation into ABS-CBN-A2Z Channel 11 blocktime deal". PEP.ph. Archived from the original on November 1, 2020. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
- ^ a b "House told NTC, BIR to investigate ABS-Zoe blocktime deal". The Asian Affairs. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved December 2, 2020.
- ^ Antonio, Josiah (March 20, 2024). "'It's Showtime' to air on GMA from April 6". ABS-CBN News.
- ^ "[ANALYSIS] A new era of noontime TV: GMA-7 takes in ABS-CBN's 'It's Showtime'". Rappler. April 10, 2024. Retrieved April 10, 2024.
- ^ a b Fuentes, Art (January 25, 2022). "Villar company bags 2 broadcast channels previously held by ABS-CBN". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on January 25, 2022. Retrieved January 25, 2022.
- ^ a b Rey, Aika (January 25, 2022). "Manny Villar gets ABS-CBN frequencies". Rappler. Archived from the original on January 25, 2022. Retrieved January 25, 2022.
- ^ Dela Cruz, Raymond Carl (January 26, 2022). "NTC allows 2 firms to use channels formerly used by ABS-CBN". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on January 27, 2022. Retrieved January 29, 2022.
- ^ "MediaQuest officially partnering with ABS-CBN". Media Newser Philippines. August 10, 2022. Archived from the original on August 12, 2022. Retrieved August 10, 2022.
- ^ "ABS-CBN-TV5, Cignal-Sky terminate investment deal". ABS-CBN News. September 1, 2022. Archived from the original on December 10, 2022. Retrieved January 28, 2023.
- ^ Rosales, Elijah Felice (March 16, 2023). "PLDT takes over Sky Cable's internet business". The Philippine Star. Retrieved March 17, 2023.
- ^ Rivas, Ralf (March 16, 2023). "PLDT acquiring Sky Cable's broadband business for P6.75 billion". Rappler. Retrieved March 17, 2023.
- ^ "Sky Cable, PLDT deal not pushing through". ABS-CBN News. February 22, 2024. Retrieved February 25, 2024.
- ^ "TV Patrol to air on ALLTV beginning April 15". ABS-CBN News. April 13, 2024. Retrieved April 14, 2024.
- ^ "AMBS, ABS-CBN to bring Kapamilya shows, TV Patrol to ALLTV". ABS-CBN News. April 23, 2024. Retrieved July 7, 2024.
- ^ Byx Almacen (April 30, 2024). "Eere sa ALLTV: Regine Velasquez 'di iiwanan ang 'Magandang Buhay'". Abante (in Tagalog).
- ^ Richard de Leon (June 18, 2024). "Tahimik lang: It's Showtime balik-Channel 2, napapanood na rin sa ALLTV". balita.net.ph. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
- ^ Deveza, Reyma (May 31, 2024). "'Goin' Bulilit' returning to TV on June 17". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved May 31, 2024.
- ^ ""It's Showtime" kids and Baby Giant headline return of "Goin Bulilit"". ABS-CBN Entertainment. ABS-CBN Corporation. June 28, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f g Cabato, Regine (May 5, 2020). "Philippines orders its largest broadcaster off the air as nation fights virus". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on May 5, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Congressional Franchises as a Weapon to Defeat a Free Press". Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility. June 17, 2016. Archived from the original on September 2, 2016. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
- ^ a b c Gomez, Jim (May 5, 2020). "Philippines Orders Leading TV Network to Shut Down as Watchdogs Accuse President of Muzzling Independent Media". Time. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b c d e Gutierrez, Jason (May 5, 2020). "Leading Philippine Broadcaster, Target of Duterte's Ire, Forced Off the Air". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b "NTC to issue alias shutdown order vs ABS-CBN after getting SolGen advice". ABS-CBN News. June 29, 2020. Archived from the original on June 30, 2020. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
- ^ Cabacungan, Gil C. (June 11, 2016). "ABS-CBN in a bind over franchise renewal". INQUIRER.net. Archived from the original on September 9, 2016. Retrieved July 14, 2020.
- ^ Cabacungan, Gil C. (June 11, 2016). "ABS-CBN in a bind over franchise renewal". INQUIRER.net. Archived from the original on September 9, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2022.
- ^ Gutierrez, Jason (May 14, 2019). "Philippines Election: Duterte Allies Sweep Senate, Unofficial Results Indicate". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on October 30, 2019. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Corrales, Nestor (July 19, 2019). "Palace on impeach raps: Duterte has supermajority in Congress". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on July 19, 2019. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b "Philippines' top broadcaster ordered off air". BBC News. May 5, 2020. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b c Aurelio, Julie M.; Inquirer Research (December 4, 2019). "I'll see to it that you're out, President tells ABS-CBN". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on December 20, 2019. Retrieved January 25, 2020.
"Your franchise will end next year. If you are expecting that it will be renewed, I'm sorry. You're out. I will see to it that you're out," he said, addressing ABS-CBN.
- ^ Gomez, Carla (July 18, 2020). "Church leaders in Bacolod condemn non-renewal of ABS-CBN's franchise". INQUIRER.net. Archived from the original on July 18, 2020. Retrieved July 18, 2020.
- ^ ACWS-UBN vs. NTC, 445 Phil. 621 (February 17, 2003).
- ^ "ABS-CBN franchise to expire on May 4, 2020 – DOJ". CNN Philippines. February 24, 2020. Archived from the original on May 5, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Tuazon, Ramon R. (2015). "The Print Media: A Tradition of Freedom". National Commission for Culture and the Arts. Archived from the original on November 10, 2019. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ "Our History". Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism. December 2016. Archived from the original on April 1, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ Johnson, Howard (January 17, 2018). "Why Rappler is raising Philippine press freedom fears". BBC News. Archived from the original on February 14, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ Coronel, S. S. (2010), 'Corruption and the watchdog role of the news media.' In P. Norris (ed.), Public Sentinel: News Media and Governance Reform, 111–36.Washington, DC: World Bank.
- ^ Flor, Alexander Gonzalez. The Fifth Theory of the Press (Thesis). Archived from the original on September 29, 2018. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Quintos de Jesus, Melinda (August 1, 2003). "The Philippine Press: A Study in Contrasts and Contradictions". In Severino, Rodolfo; Salazar, Lorraine Carlos (eds.). Whither the Philippines in the 21st Century?. Flipside Digital Content Company Inc. pp. 104–. ISBN 978-981-4517-58-4. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ a b Hunt, Luke. "Duterte's Media War in the Philippines". Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Dancel, Raul (November 2, 2018). "Philippines: Most dangerous place for journalists in Asia". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on September 9, 2019. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ Bagayas, Samantha (December 21, 2018). "Philippines deadliest country for journalists in Southeast Asia – IFJ". Rappler. Archived from the original on January 6, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ "2020 World Press Freedom Index: "Entering a decisive decade for journalism, exacerbated by coronavirus"". Reporters Without Borders. April 19, 2020. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ "RSF urges Philippine parliament to renew ABS-CBN network's franchise". Reporters without borders. January 30, 2020. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ "Closing down ABS-CBN: Above public need, the pleasure of the president!". Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility. May 7, 2020. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ "Amnesty International calls ABS-CBN News shutdown 'dark day for media freedom'". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ a b c d e Serafica, Raisa. "Attack on all: Media groups show solidarity with ABS-CBN following closure order". Rappler. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b "Is Philippines muzzling free press amid coronavirus lockdown?". Deutsche Welle. May 6, 2020. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "A loss of democracy: NUJP chair hits NTC cease and desist order vs. ABS-CBN". ABS-CBN News. May 5, 2020. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 9, 2020.
- ^ a b "Press Freedom Further Restricted Amid Covid-19 Pandemic". PCIJ. May 4, 2020. Archived from the original on May 10, 2020. Retrieved May 9, 2020.
- ^ "On World Press Freedom Day, groups wary of shrinking space for fundamental freedoms". The Philippine Star. May 3, 2020. Archived from the original on May 4, 2020. Retrieved May 9, 2020.
- ^ "Infographic: The day Marcos declared Martial Law". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Archived from the original on September 11, 2017. Retrieved October 26, 2018.
- ^ a b Francisco, Katerina (September 22, 2016). "Martial Law, the dark chapter in Philippine history". Rappler. Archived from the original on September 23, 2016. Retrieved June 29, 2018.
- ^ "Letter of Instruction No. 1-A, s. 1972". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. September 28, 1972. Archived from the original on January 29, 2022. Retrieved September 14, 2021.
- ^ Ricardo., Manapat (1991). Some are smarter than others : the history of Marcos' crony capitalism. New York: Aletheia Publications. ISBN 9719128704. OCLC 28428684.
- ^ "G.R. 133347 - ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corporation vs. Office of the Ombudsman, Roberto Benedicto". LawPhil.net. Archived from the original on July 17, 2015. Retrieved October 23, 2020.
- ^ "TIMELINE: ABS-CBN franchise". cnn. Archived from the original on July 13, 2020. Retrieved July 18, 2020.
- ^ "ABS-CBN Franchise Timeline". The Manila Times. March 8, 2020. Archived from the original on September 26, 2020. Retrieved July 18, 2020.
- ^ An Act Granting the ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corporation A Franchise to Construct, Install, Operate and Maintain Television and Radio Broadcasting Stations in the Philippines, and for Other Purposes (Republic Act 7966). March 30, 1995. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "Ginalit Si Gabby Lopez! Bobi Tiglao Reveals Why ABS-CBN Gave Noy Bad Press Despite 'Dilawan' Tag". Politiko.com.ph. May 11, 2020. Retrieved July 20, 2024.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Superegos led to the demise of ABS-CBN: The non-renewal of its franchise during Aquino III's term". The Kahimyang Project. May 11, 2020. Retrieved July 20, 2024.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "House Bill No. 4997" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on September 20, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f Lopez, Melissa Luz. "TIMELINE: ABS-CBN franchise". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Corrales, Nestor (May 6, 2016). "ABS-CBN on 'anti-Duterte' TVC: We are duty-bound to air legitimate ad". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on May 28, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ Corrales, Nestor (May 6, 2016). "Cayetano seeks TRO on anti-Duterte ad; Taguig court grants plea". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on December 21, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ "House Bill No. 4349" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on August 19, 2019. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Salaverria, Leila B. (April 27, 2017). "Duterte threatens to block franchise of ABS-CBN". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on June 18, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ "House Bill No. 8163" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on September 13, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b "Duterte says he will object to renewal of ABS-CBN franchise". CNN Philippines. November 9, 2018. Archived from the original on May 13, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b "House Bill No. 00676" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b "House Bill No. 3064" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on May 14, 2020. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ a b "House Bill No. 3521" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on May 14, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b "House Bill No. 3713" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on May 14, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b "House Bill No. 3947" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on May 14, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b "Senate Bill No. 981 RENEWING THE FRANCHISE GRANTED TO ABS-CBN BROADCASTING CORPORATION". August 28, 2019. Archived from the original on December 21, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b "House Bill No. 4305" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on May 14, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "Cayetano: House to tackle ABS-CBN franchise renewal bid before yearend". CNN Philippines. October 29, 2019. Archived from the original on June 16, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ a b "House Bill No. 5608" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on May 14, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "Duterte to ABS-CBN: Next year, you're out". CNN Philippines. December 3, 2020. Archived from the original on June 23, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ Roxas, Pathricia Ann V. (December 4, 2019). "Cayetano: We have enough time to tackle ABS-CBN franchise next year". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on December 25, 2019. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ a b "House Bill No. 5705" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on May 14, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b "House Bill No. 5753" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on May 14, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Parrocha, Azer (December 30, 2019). "Duterte tells ABS-CBN owners to sell network". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on December 30, 2019. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ a b "Resolution No. 639" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b Mercado, Neil Arwin (February 17, 2020). "Nearly 100 solons want House panel to now tackle ABS-CBN's franchise renewal". INQUIRER.NET. Archived from the original on February 18, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b "House Bill No. 6052" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on May 14, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b "House Bill No. 6138" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on May 14, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Pulta, Benjamin (February 10, 2020). "SolGen asks SC to revoke ABS-CBN franchise". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on July 17, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ a b "House Bill No. 6293" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on May 14, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Dela Cruz, Raymond Carl (May 5, 2020). "Tackling ABS-CBN franchise bills not urgent: Cayetano". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on June 4, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ "Drilon seeks to extend ABS-CBN franchise to end of 2022". senate.gov.ph. February 17, 2020. Archived from the original on February 18, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Ager, Maila (February 17, 2020). "Drilon files resolution extending ABS-CBN franchise until 2022". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on June 19, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ Lopez, Melissa Luz (February 18, 2020). "SolGen asks for gag order on plea to cancel ABS-CBN's franchise". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on June 29, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ "ABS-CBN says sorry to Duterte for airing controversial political ad in 2016 polls". CNN Philippines. February 24, 2020. Archived from the original on July 8, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ Ramos, Christia Marie (February 24, 2020). "SEC, BIR: ABS-CBN has no violations, regularly paying taxes". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on June 29, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ Gita-Carlos, Ruth Abbey (February 26, 2020). "Duterte accepts ABS-CBN apology, distances from franchise issue". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on July 17, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ Santos, Eimor (February 26, 2020). "House asks NTC to let ABS-CBN operate pending franchise renewal". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on May 16, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ Cervantes, Filane Mikee (February 26, 2020). "Solon wants 1-year extension of ABS-CBN franchise". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on July 17, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ Dela Cruz, Divina (March 8, 2020). "ABS-CBN Franchise Timeline". Manila Times. Archived from the original on September 26, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "Senate Resolution No. 344 AUTHORIZING NTC TO ISSUE A PROVISIONAL AUTHORITY TO ABS-CBN CORP., ITS SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES". Senate of the Philippines. March 4, 2020. Archived from the original on May 18, 2020. Retrieved May 10, 2020.
- ^ a b "Senate Bill No. 981 AN ACT RENEWING FOR ANOTHER TWENTY-FIVE (25) YEARS THE FRANCHISE GRANTED TO ABS-CBN BROADCASTING CORPORATION". March 5, 2020. Archived from the original on December 21, 2020. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Cervantes, Filane Mikee (March 10, 2020). "NTC to allow ABS-CBN to operate beyond May 4". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ "WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on March 11, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Mercado, Neil Arwin (May 1, 2020). "Cayetano says 'no intention' to have ABS-CBN closed". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on July 17, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ "World Press Freedom Day". UNESCO. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Gregorio, Xave (May 3, 2020). "SolGen warns NTC of graft charges if it issues ABS-CBN provisional permit". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on May 5, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ Mercado, Neil Arwin (May 4, 2020). "Palace: ABS-CBN franchise issue all up to NTC". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on May 10, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ Dela Cruz, Raymond Carl (May 5, 2020). "ABS-CBN ordered to stop broadcast after franchise lapse". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on July 3, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ Al S. Vitangcol III (May 16, 2020). "SC bound to deny ABS-CBN petition". The Manila Times. Archived from the original on June 27, 2020. Retrieved June 25, 2020.
- ^ Robie de Guzman (May 19, 2020). "SC directs NTC, Congress to answer ABS-CBN vs closure order". UNTV News. Archived from the original on June 25, 2020. Retrieved June 25, 2020 – via Yahoo! News Philippines.
- ^ Nakpil, Danielle (June 30, 2020). "NTC stops broadcasts of Sky Direct, ABS-CBN's TV Plus channels in Metro Manila". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on July 17, 2020. Retrieved July 17, 2020.
- ^ "READ: ABS-CBN Corp statement on the NTC order vs TV Plus channels". ABS-CBN News. June 30, 2020. Archived from the original on June 30, 2020. Retrieved June 30, 2020.
- ^ "READ: Sky Cable Corp statement on NTC's cease and desist order". ABS-CBN News. June 30, 2020. Archived from the original on June 30, 2020. Retrieved June 30, 2020.
- ^ Cervantes, Filane Mikee (July 10, 2020). "House panel junks ABS-CBN's bid for a 25-year franchise". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on July 10, 2020. Retrieved July 10, 2020.
- ^ Cervantes, Filane Mikee (July 10, 2020). "Several issues led to denial of ABS-CBN franchise bid: House body". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on July 10, 2020. Retrieved July 10, 2020.
- ^ "READ: Statement of Solicitor-General Jose Calida on the denial of the renewal of ABS-CBN's franchise". ABS-CBN News. July 11, 2020. Archived from the original on July 11, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2020.
- ^ Navallo, Mike (August 25, 2020). "Supreme Court junks ABS-CBN's TRO petition over 3 months since shutdown". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on August 25, 2020. Retrieved August 25, 2020.
- ^ "NTC recalls frequencies, channels assigned to ABS-CBN". ABS-CBN News. September 10, 2020. Archived from the original on September 10, 2020. Retrieved September 10, 2020.
- ^ Gonzales, Cathrine (September 18, 2020). "European Parliament to PH: Grant ABS-CBN broadcast franchise, drop charges vs Ressa". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on October 25, 2020. Retrieved September 21, 2020.
- ^ "Sotto files new bill to renew ABS-CBN's franchise". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on January 4, 2021. Retrieved January 4, 2021.
- ^ Luna, Franco (January 18, 2021). "Vilma Santos files bill for renewed ABS-CBN franchise". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on January 19, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
- ^ Rosario, Ben (January 18, 2021). "Santos, Lagman file bills reviving franchise of ABS CBN". Manila Bulletin. Archived from the original on February 9, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
- ^ Cruz, RG (January 19, 2021). "Lawmaker files new House bill seeking fresh ABS-CBN franchise". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on February 9, 2021. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
- ^ "Duterte won't allow ABS-CBN to operate even if given a franchise by Congress". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on February 9, 2021. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
- ^ "Duterte: No license for ABS-CBN even if Congress grants franchise". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on February 9, 2021. Retrieved February 8, 2021.
- ^ "Speaker says ABS-CBN franchise renewal will have to wait for next Congress". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved February 11, 2021.
- ^ "House Speaker: ABS-CBN franchise issue will have to wait until 2022". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on February 11, 2021. Retrieved February 11, 2021.
- ^ "Superegos led to the demise of ABS-CBN: The non-renewal of its franchise during Aquino III's term". The Kahimyang Project. May 11, 2020. Retrieved July 20, 2024.
- ^ a b Cabacungan, Gil C. (June 11, 2016). "ABS-CBN in a bind over franchise renewal". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on September 9, 2016. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Placido, Dharel (November 8, 2018). "Duterte to 'object' to ABS-CBN franchise renewal". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
- ^ Rey, Aika. "Bong Go: It's those anti-Duterte ads on ABS-CBN that got the boss' goat". Rappler. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b c d Aguilar, Krissy. "Duterte thanks ABS-CBN for help in time of COVID-19 pandemic". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b c Gascon, DJ Yap, Dona Z. Pazzibugan, Leila B. Salaverria, Melvin. "Duterte to ABS-CBN: Apology accepted but franchise up to House". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on March 18, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "RULES AND REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTING THE FAIR ELECTION ACT – CHAN ROBLES VIRTUAL LAW LIBRARY". www.chanrobles.com. Archived from the original on April 6, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
- ^ Pia Gutierrez, ABS-CBN News. "Comelec: Negative pol ads allowed by law". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on February 9, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
- ^ Alvarez, Chito. "Labor, human rights groups stand with ABS-CBN after NTC orders network's shutdown". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved May 7, 2020.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "House Bill 4349. 17th Congress House of Representatives, Republic of the Philippines" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on August 19, 2019. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
- ^ Esguerra, Christian V. "TIMELINE: Will ABS-CBN get a new broadcast franchise?". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on May 5, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
- ^ Kravchuk, Max. "Laglagan Na? Palace, OSG, NTC Say House Should Have Acted On ABS-CBN Franchise". OneNews.ph. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Luna, Franco. "Cayetano: 'Congress will be fair' on ABS-CBN franchise renewal". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
- ^ "AN ACT GRANTING THE ABS-CBN CORPORATION A FRANCHISE TO CONSTRUCT, INSTALL, OPERATE AND MAINTAIN TELEVISION AND RADIO BROADCASTING STATIONS IN THE PHILIPPINES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES" (PDF). www.congress.gov.ph. Retrieved April 29, 2024.
- ^ "AN ACT RENEWING THE FRANCHISE GRANTED TO ABS-CBN CORPORATION (FORMERLY ABS-CBN BROADCASTING CORPORATION) UNDER REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7966 OR "AN ACT GRANTING ABS-CBN BROADCASTING CORPORATION A FRANCHISE TO CONSTRUCT; INSTALL, ESTABLISH, OPERATE, AND MAINTAIN BROADCASTING STATIONS IN THE PHILIPPINES, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES" FOR TWENTY-FIVE (25) YEARS FROM THE EFFECTIVITY OF THIS ACT" (PDF). congress.gov.ph.
- ^ Romero, Paolo (February 24, 2020). "ABS-CBN president apologizes to Duterte". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on February 26, 2020. Retrieved February 26, 2020.
- ^ Rey, Aika. "Poe wants Senate to discuss ABS-CBN's compliance with franchise terms". Rappler. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
- ^ a b c d Rey, Aika; Gotinga, J. C. "Senate hearing on ABS-CBN: No breach of laws, franchise terms". Rappler. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
- ^ a b c Panaligan, Rey (May 3, 2020). "OSG warns NTC against issuing provisional permits to operate to ABS-CBN, its subsidiary". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved May 7, 2020.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Buan, Lian. "EXPLAINER: ABS-CBN's defense in the Supreme Court quo warranto case". Rappler. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b Ramos, Christia Marie. "Calida warns NTC vs granting provisional authority to ABS-CBN". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on May 5, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Galvez, Daphne. "NTC: ABS-CBN will be allowed to operate beyond May 4". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "Provisional authority for ABS-CBN illegal". The Manila Times. May 1, 2020. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "Supreme Court junks Calida's quo warranto plea vs ABS-CBN as franchise in question expires". CNN Philippines. June 23, 2020. Archived from the original on June 27, 2020. Retrieved June 25, 2020.
- ^ Mike Navallo (June 23, 2020). "Supreme Court junks SolGen's quo warranto plea vs ABS-CBN Corp". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on June 23, 2020. Retrieved June 23, 2020.
- ^ Rey Panaligan (March 5, 2020). "Gadon asks SC to stop NTC from issuing ABS-CBN when franchise expires". Manila Bulletin. Archived from the original on June 17, 2022. Retrieved June 17, 2022.
- ^ Jomar Canlas (May 21, 2020). "Gadon to withdraw petition vs NTC". The Manila Times. Archived from the original on June 30, 2020. Retrieved June 29, 2020.
- ^ Kristine Joy Patag (June 2, 2020). "SC rejects Gadon plea vs NTC and House, scolds petitioner". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on July 1, 2020. Retrieved June 29, 2020.
- ^ Neil Arwin Mercado (May 5, 2020). "Alvarez: NTC may be held in contempt for 'backtracking' on ABS-CBN franchise issue". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on July 9, 2020. Retrieved July 9, 2020.
- ^ Filane Mikee Cervantes (May 11, 2020). "House panel issues show cause order vs. NTC for ABS-CBN shutdown". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on July 9, 2020. Retrieved July 9, 2020.
- ^ Eimor Santos (May 14, 2020). "NTC apologizes for failure to notify House of shutdown order vs. ABS-CBN". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on July 10, 2020. Retrieved July 9, 2020.
- ^ Adel, Rosette (May 5, 2020). "#NoToABSCBNShutdown plea launched anew after NTC issues cease and desist order vs ABS-CBN". Interaksyon. Archived from the original on May 5, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
- ^ Mercado, Neil Arwin (May 5, 2020). "BREAKING: NTC orders ABS-CBN to stop broadcast operations". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
- ^ "ABS-CBN's heart-rending last moments before shutting down". Philippine Daily Inquirer. May 6, 2020. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
- ^ a b "Philippines largest TV network ABS-CBN ordered shut". Al Jazeera. May 6, 2020. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
- ^ "President and CEO Carlo L. Katigbak's message on the cease and desist order issued to ABS-CBN". ABS-CBN News. May 6, 2020. Archived from the original on May 5, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
- ^ "READ: ABS-CBN Chairman Mark L. Lopez's message on the cease and desist order issued to ABS-CBN". ABS-CBN News. May 6, 2020. Archived from the original on May 5, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
- ^ Gregorio, Xave (May 6, 2020). "ABS-CBN goes off air following NTC order". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
- ^ "NTC orders ABS-CBN to stop broadcasting". ABS-CBN News. May 5, 2020. Archived from the original on May 5, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
- ^ Rivas, Ralf (May 5, 2020). "ABS-CBN goes off-air after NTC order". Rappler. Archived from the original on May 5, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
- ^ a b Camus, Miguel R. (May 18, 2020). "ABS-CBN tells NTC not to recall its frequencies". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on June 15, 2020. Retrieved June 15, 2020.
- ^ a b Kristine Joy Patag; Edu Punay (May 13, 2020). "House OKs provisional franchise for ABS-CBN on second reading". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on May 21, 2020. Retrieved May 14, 2020.
- ^ Ang, Stacy (May 27, 2020). "NTC told to refrain from recalling broadcast frequencies of ABS-CBN". Current PH. Archived from the original on June 15, 2020. Retrieved June 15, 2020.
- ^ "'TV Patrol' goes online on iWant, TFC, Facebook, and YouTube". Manila Standard. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Coconuts Manila (May 8, 2020). "Pinoys tune in as ABS-CBN's 'TV Patrol' makes digital comeback | Coconuts Manila". Coconuts. Archived from the original on May 11, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ "ABS-CBN runs to Supreme Court to stop NTC shutdown". Rappler. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "13 senators to NTC: Reconsider ABS-CBN shutdown order". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "House Minority Leader wants NTC abolished after ABS-CBN shutdown". Rappler. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ a b "Namiss niyo ba kami? Mapapanood at mapapakinggan niyo ang Teleradyo simula bukas, Mayo 8, 2020". DZMM Teleradyo Twitter page (in Tagalog). May 7, 2020. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ "MOR 101.9 For Life". www.facebook.com. May 7, 2020. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ "Paolo Duterte seeks probe on alleged violations of ABS-CBN". Philippine News Agency. May 12, 2020. Archived from the original on May 19, 2020. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
- ^ "Paolo Duterte, 2 others file resolution seeking probe on alleged ABS-CBN franchise violations". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on May 11, 2020. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
- ^ Mercado, Neil Arwin. "Paolo Duterte, 2 solons seek probe into ABS-CBN's 'probable violations' of franchise". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on May 14, 2020. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
- ^ "WE'RE BACK ON AIR". Asianovela Channel. June 1, 2020. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved June 3, 2020 – via Facebook.
- ^ "'FPJ's Ang Probinsyano' and other favorite Kapamilya shows return on cable and satellite TV". ABS-CBN News. June 4, 2020. Archived from the original on June 4, 2020. Retrieved June 4, 2020.
- ^ "Uncertainty weighs heavy on 'Banana Sundae,' but star Angelica Panganiban counting on return". ABS-CBN News. June 2, 2020. Archived from the original on June 14, 2020. Retrieved June 14, 2020.
- ^ Vanne Elaine Terrazola (May 13, 2020). "Senators hopeful of soon passing temporary franchise for ABS-CBN". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved May 14, 2020.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Mercado, Neil Arwin. "House opts to proceed with deliberations on ABS-CBN's 25-year franchise". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on May 25, 2020. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
- ^ "House to begin hearings on ABS-CBN franchise next week". CNN Philippines. May 20, 2020. Archived from the original on May 29, 2020. Retrieved June 14, 2020.
- ^ "'The truth': ABS-CBN rebuffs allegations in franchise hearing". ABS-CBN News. June 1, 2020. Archived from the original on June 14, 2020. Retrieved June 14, 2020.
- ^ "ABS-CBN's Gabby Lopez attends House franchise hearing". Philippine Daily Inquirer. June 3, 2020. Archived from the original on June 18, 2020. Retrieved June 14, 2020.
- ^ Jovee Marie de la Cruz (June 8, 2020). "After 4th House hearing, ABS-CBN franchise's fate remains in limbo". BusinessMirror. Archived from the original on June 14, 2020. Retrieved June 14, 2020.
- ^ "ABS-CBN to House: PDR holders 'passive investors,' not shareholders". ABS-CBN News. June 11, 2020. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved June 14, 2020.
- ^ "Return of ABS-CBN to Lopez family in 1986 legal, approved by SC, solons told". ABS-CBN News. June 15, 2020. Archived from the original on June 15, 2020. Retrieved June 15, 2020.
- ^ Neil Arwin, Mercado (June 17, 2020). "Enrile attends House hearing on ABS-CBN franchise". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on June 17, 2020. Retrieved June 17, 2020.
- ^ "ABS-CBN franchise hearings to resume on June 29: House committee chair". ABS-CBN News. June 22, 2020. Archived from the original on June 23, 2020. Retrieved June 22, 2020.
- ^ "Committee Meetings (Daily) - House of Representatives". www.congress.gov.ph. Archived from the original on June 30, 2020. Retrieved June 29, 2020.
- ^ "FULL: House hearing tackles ABS-CBN's alleged labor laws violation | ABS-CBN News". www.youtube.com. ABS-CBN News. June 30, 2020. Archived from the original on August 11, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2020.
- ^ a b ABS-CBN Corporation v. National Telecommunications Commission, G.R. No. 252119 (Supreme Court of the Philippines).
- ^ a b c G.R. No. 252119, rollo. Petition for certiorari and prohibition (with urgent applications for the issuance of a temporary restraining order and/or a writ of preliminary injunction) Archived June 7, 2020, at the Wayback Machine May 7, 2019. Retrieved June 25, 2020.
- ^ a b c Al S. Vitangcol III (May 16, 2020). "SC bound to deny ABS-CBN petition". The Manila Times. Archived from the original on June 27, 2020. Retrieved June 25, 2020.
- ^ Pulta, Benjamin (June 25, 2020). "ABS-CBN should remain off-air sans TRO from SC: SolGen". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on June 25, 2020. Retrieved June 25, 2020.
- ^ Avecilla, Victor (May 22, 2020). "ABS-CBN franchise: A legal perspective (2)". Daily Tribune. Archived from the original on June 25, 2020. Retrieved June 25, 2020.
- ^ Mike Navallo (May 18, 2020). "Gadon wants to block ABS-CBN plea vs. closure". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on July 9, 2020. Retrieved July 9, 2020.
- ^ Robie de Guzman (May 19, 2020). "SC directs NTC, Congress to answer ABS-CBN vs closure order". UNTV News. Archived from the original on June 25, 2020. Retrieved June 25, 2020 – via Yahoo! News Philippines.
- ^ Navallo, Mike (May 26, 2020). "NTC moves to block ABS-CBN's TRO plea vs. closure order". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on June 27, 2020. Retrieved June 25, 2020.
- ^ Nicole-Anne C. Lagrimas (June 11, 2020). "Supreme Court to resume discussion on ABS-CBN petition vs shutdown order in July". GMA News Online. Archived from the original on June 21, 2020. Retrieved June 25, 2020.
"The case was set for July 13. When I say July 13, call again for July 13. I don't know if the resolution will already be ready. It is called again July 13," [Chief Justice] Peralta said.
- ^ Patag, Kristine Joy. "SC resets deliberation on ABS-CBN petition to August 4". philstar.com. Archived from the original on July 14, 2020. Retrieved July 14, 2020.
- ^ Tetch Torres-Tupas (August 25, 2020). "SC dismisses ABS-CBN case vs NTC's cease and desist order". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on September 13, 2020. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
- ^ Rey Panaligan (August 25, 2020). "SC dismisses ABS-CBN's petition vs. NTC's stop-broadcast order". Manila Bulletin. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
- ^ Perez-Rubio, Bella (July 10, 2020). "List of lawmakers who voted for and against ABS-CBN franchise renewal". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on July 24, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
- ^ Adel, Rosette (July 10, 2020). "Who's who: A rundown of votes during ABS-CBN franchise renewal final hearing". Interaksyon. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
- ^ Ferreras, Vince (July 10, 2020). "How lawmakers voted on ABS-CBN's failed bid for new franchise". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on July 19, 2020. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
- ^ Villaruel, Jauhn Etienne (July 9, 2020). "A shameful vote?: Why House still refuses to identify those who rejected ABS-CBN franchise bid". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 12, 2021.
- ^ Cordero, KC (August 19, 2021). "Who is Representive [sic] Claudine Bautista?". Philippine Entertainment Portal. Archived from the original on August 23, 2021. Retrieved August 23, 2021.
- ^ "NTC recalls frequencies, channels assigned to ABS-CBN". ABS-CBN News. September 10, 2020. Archived from the original on September 10, 2020. Retrieved September 10, 2020.
- ^ "NTC takes away ABS-CBN's radio, TV frequencies". GMA News. September 10, 2020. Archived from the original on September 10, 2020. Retrieved September 10, 2020.
- ^ "NTC orders recall of ABS-CBN's frequencies, channels in absence of legislative franchise". CNN Philippines. September 10, 2020. Archived from the original on September 10, 2020. Retrieved September 10, 2020.
- ^ "ABS-CBN shows to air on Zoe's new A2Z channel 11". ABS-CBN PR. October 6, 2020. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.
- ^ "Zoe Channel 11 rebrands as A2Z, offers 'best type of programming' on free TV". ABS-CBN News. October 6, 2020. Archived from the original on October 6, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.
- ^ "The Cignal-TV5 & ABS-CBN tie-up happening very soon". The Philippine Star. January 18, 2021. Archived from the original on January 18, 2021. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
- ^ "ASAP Natin 'To, mapapanood na sa TV5 simula sa January 24". PEP.ph. January 18, 2021. Archived from the original on January 18, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
- ^ "TV5 simulcasts "ASAP Natin 'To" and "FPJ: Da King" starting January 24". ABS-CBN PR. January 21, 2021. Archived from the original on January 23, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ "ABS-CBN, TV5 team up to bring 'ASAP Natin 'To' to nationwide viewers". ABS-CBN News. January 21, 2021. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^ Mercurio, Richmond (January 25, 2021). "MVP: Too early for expanded ABS-CBN, TV5 partnership". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved January 25, 2021.
- ^ "TV5 to simulcast ABS-CBN's Primetime Bida starting March 8". ABS-CBN News. March 5, 2021. Archived from the original on March 5, 2021. Retrieved March 5, 2021.
- ^ "Bulaga! ABS-CBN's 'It's Showtime' to air on GMA's GTV channel". Rappler. June 20, 2023. Retrieved June 20, 2023.
- ^ Tunac, Hermes Joy (June 20, 2023). "Is 'It's Showtime' airing on GMA's GTV soon?". GMA News Online. Retrieved June 20, 2023.
- ^ "'It's Showtime' to air on GMA's GTV". ABS-CBN News. June 20, 2023. Retrieved June 20, 2023.
- ^ "'It's Showtime' debuts on GMA Network with a bang". GMA News. April 6, 2024. Retrieved April 6, 2024.
- ^ "[ANALYSIS] A new era of noontime TV: GMA-7 takes in ABS-CBN's 'It's Showtime'". Rappler. April 10, 2024. Retrieved April 10, 2024.
- ^ "'TV Patrol' to air on ALLTV beginning April 15". ABS-CBN News. April 13, 2024. Retrieved April 15, 2024.
- ^ Byx Almacen (April 30, 2024). "Eere sa ALLTV: Regine Velasquez 'di iiwanan ang 'Magandang Buhay'". Abante (in Tagalog).
- ^ Richard de Leon (June 18, 2024). "Tahimik lang: It's Showtime balik-Channel 2, napapanood na rin sa ALLTV". balita.net.ph. Retrieved June 18, 2024.
- ^ Deveza, Reyma (May 31, 2024). "'Goin' Bulilit' returning to TV on June 17". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved May 31, 2024.
- ^ ""It's Showtime" kids and Baby Giant headline return of "Goin Bulilit"". ABS-CBN Entertainment. ABS-CBN Corporation. June 28, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
- ^ de la Cruz, Jovee Marie (December 8, 2020). "'Revival of ABS-CBN possible next year'". BusinessMirror. Archived from the original on January 4, 2021. Retrieved December 8, 2020.
- ^ "Sotto files new bill to renew ABS-CBN's franchise". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on January 4, 2021. Retrieved January 4, 2021.
- ^ Ager, Maila (January 6, 2021). "16 of 24 senators pushing for ABS-CBN franchise". Inquirer.net. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- ^ Mercado, Neil Arwin (January 4, 2021). "Vilma Santos-Recto to file new bill to give ABS-CBN 25-year franchise". INQUIRER.net. Archived from the original on January 5, 2021. Retrieved January 5, 2021.
- ^ Luna, Franco (January 18, 2021). "Vilma Santos files bill for renewed ABS-CBN franchise". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on January 19, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
- ^ "Duterte won't allow ABS-CBN to operate even if given a franchise by Congress". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on February 9, 2021. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
- ^ "Duterte: No license for ABS-CBN even if Congress grants franchise". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on February 9, 2021. Retrieved February 8, 2021.
- ^ Gita-Carlos, Ruth Abbey (February 9, 2021). "ABS-CBN case up to Ombudsman: Palace". Philippines News Agency. Archived from the original on February 9, 2021. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
- ^ Golez, Prince (February 10, 2021). "Bahala na sila! Duterte leaves graft case vs ABS-CBN up to Ombudsman". Politiko. Archived from the original on February 10, 2021. Retrieved February 10, 2021.
- ^ "Speaker says ABS-CBN franchise renewal will have to wait for next Congress". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on February 11, 2021. Retrieved February 11, 2021.
- ^ "House Speaker: ABS-CBN franchise issue will have to wait until 2022". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on February 11, 2021. Retrieved February 11, 2021.
- ^ Camus, Miguel R. (July 26, 2021). "Duterte eyes reassignment of ABS-CBN's radio frequencies; again accuses firm of unpaid taxes". INQUIRER.net. Archived from the original on July 26, 2021. Retrieved May 13, 2022.
- ^ Rey, Aika (January 26, 2022). "Channel 43, used by ABS-CBN, goes to Quiboloy's SMNI". Rappler. Archived from the original on January 26, 2022. Retrieved January 26, 2022.
- ^ De Castro Jr., Isagani (June 30, 2023). "The politics of radio: New station DWPM Radyo 630 is born". Rappler. Archived from the original on June 30, 2023. Retrieved June 30, 2023.
- ^ Crus, RG (August 16, 2022). "House committee sets briefing on ABS-CBN, TV5 deal". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on August 17, 2022. Retrieved August 16, 2022.
- ^ Quismorio, Elison (August 17, 2022). "What happened? ABS-CBN, TV5 briefing removed from House panel's agenda". Manila Bulletin. Archived from the original on August 17, 2022. Retrieved August 17, 2022.
- ^ "Marcoleta claims TV5 violated its broadcasting franchise with ABS-CBN deal". CNN Philippines. August 16, 2022. Archived from the original on August 17, 2022. Retrieved August 16, 2022.
- ^ "Congress urged to decide on ABS-CBN franchise renewal bills on merits". ABS-CBN News. January 24, 2020. Archived from the original on March 25, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "LOOK: Stars rally in support of ABS-CBN franchise renewal". Rappler. February 21, 2020. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "NUJP, ABS-CBN to hold candle lighting vigil". SunStar Davao. February 27, 2020. Archived from the original on February 28, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "KBP: Closing down ABS-CBN deprives public of news, relief amid COVID-19 crisis". ABS-CBN News. May 6, 2020. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "A loss of democracy: NUJP chair hits NTC cease and desist order vs. ABS-CBN". ABS-CBN News. May 5, 2020. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "'Betrayal to 11,000 workers': Labor group, senators hit NTC order stopping ABS-CBN broadcast". ABS-CBN News. May 5, 2020. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "Forced closure of ABS-CBN may hurt investor confidence". BusinessWorld. May 7, 2020. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "ABS-CBN shutdown a 'blow' to press freedom: Makati Business Club". ABS-CBN News. May 6, 2020. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "'Nasasakal na kami!': Bishop sees 'martial law specter' in ABS-CBN shutdown". ABS-CBN News. May 7, 2020. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "BASAHIN: Pahayag ni Archbishop Socrates Villegas sa pagpapasara ng ABS-CBN". ABS-CBN News (in Tagalog). May 6, 2020. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "Radio Veritas, Catholic schools rally behind ABS-CBN". Manila Bulletin. May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Guno, Niña. "GMA stars, journos stand with ABS-CBN in wake of sign-off". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
- ^ "Stars react to ABS-CBN being ordered to close TV, radio operations". ABS-CBN News. May 5, 2020. Archived from the original on May 5, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
- ^ Elemia, Camille (May 7, 2020). "Aquino: Duterte created own 'unnecessary problem' in ABS-CBN shutdown". Rappler. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2022.
- ^ "#NoToABSCBNShutDown tops local Twitter list after NTC issues halt order". ABS-CBN News. May 5, 2020. Archived from the original on May 5, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
- ^ Baizas, Gaby (May 6, 2020). "Stifling ABS-CBN deprives Filipinos of vital information, schools say". Rappler. Archived from the original on May 9, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "ABS-CBN workers may get cash aid from government, says Roque". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Dumlao-Abadilla, Doris. "GMA7 shares up 24% after ABSCBN's shutdown". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "GMA shares rise, but rally seen as 'unsustainable'". The Manila Times. May 7, 2020. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Arianne Merez, ABS-CBN News. "'Unfair': Palace decries reports linking Duterte to ABS-CBN shutdown". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "Duterte spokesman thanks ABS-CBN for pandemic aid". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "Duterte asks Congress: Why not just pass ABS-CBN franchise?". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Casilao, Joahna Lei (May 5, 2020). "FICTAP claims ABS-CBN 'killing' cable TV industry". GMA News. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020. Retrieved May 10, 2020.
- ^ "GMA-7 airs one-sided interview against ABS-CBN". Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility. May 16, 2020. Archived from the original on May 16, 2020.
- ^ Madarang, Catalina Ricci S. (May 7, 2020). "'One franchise, one frequency': Cable TV operators' claims vs ABS-CBN debunked". Interaksyon. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved May 10, 2020.
- ^ Macaraeg, Pauline. "EXPLAINER: FICTAP Issues vs ABS-CBN's franchise renewal". Rappler. Archived from the original on May 9, 2020. Retrieved May 10, 2020.
- ^ Esguerra, Darryl John. "ABS-CBN shutdown a 'shame' for NTC, Congress, Locsin says". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Mercado, Neil Arwin. "Defensor to some solons on ABS-CBN shutdown: Why speak up only now?". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ Gillan Ropero (May 6, 2020). "How the world sees it: ABS-CBN shutdown makes international headlines". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ Frater, Patrick (May 5, 2020). "Philippines Orders Closure of ABS-CBN Country's Largest Broadcaster". Variety. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ Ramos, Dino-Ray (May 6, 2020). "Philippines Government Orders Shutdown Of Country's Leading Broadcast Network ABS-CBN". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
- ^ Barnaby Lo (May 6, 2020). "Philippines' biggest TV network silenced after years feuding with Duterte". CBS News. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ Westcott, Ben (May 6, 2020). "Major Philippines broadcaster regularly criticized by President Duterte forced off air". CNN. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
- ^ Rebecca Ratcliffe (May 5, 2020). "Philippines' main channel forced off-air amid coronavirus lockdown". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ Jim Gomez (May 6, 2020). "Leading TV network goes off air under Philippine gov't order". Associated Press. Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ "Independent broadcaster ABS-CBN shut down by Philippines Government in 'crushing blow' to press freedom". ABC News. May 6, 2020. Archived from the original on May 8, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ "Duterte orders major TV network to halt operation". NHK World. May 6, 2020. Archived from the original on May 9, 2020. Retrieved May 9, 2020.
- ^ フィリピン政権 国内最大手の民放テレビ局に業務停止命令 [Philippine government orders the country's largest commercial television station to suspend operations]. NHK (in Japanese). May 6, 2020. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 9, 2020.
- ^ 필리핀, '두테르테 눈엣가시' 방송사에 방송 중단 명령 [Philippines orders broadcasting companies to stop broadcasting due to being a ‘thorn in Duterte’s eyes’]. KBS News (in Korean). Korean Broadcasting System. May 6, 2020. Archived from the original on June 22, 2020. Retrieved June 21, 2020.
- ^ 민영규 (May 5, 2020). '두테르테 눈엣가시' 필리핀 최대 방송사, 방송중단 위기 [‘A thorn in Duterte’s eyes’, the Philippines’ largest broadcaster is in danger of having its broadcasts suspended]. Yonhap News Agency (in Korean). Archived from the original on June 21, 2020. Retrieved June 21, 2020.
- ^ Jon Reed (May 5, 2020). "Leading Philippine broadcaster ABS-CBN ordered to close". Financial Times. Archived from the original on May 5, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ "Philippine Solicitor General blames Congress for shutdown of ABS-CBN". CNA (via YouTube). May 6, 2020. Retrieved July 21, 2024.
- ^ Raul Dancel (May 5, 2020). "Philippines' top broadcaster ABS-CBN that irked Duterte ordered off the air". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
- ^ Malasig, Jeline (May 15, 2020). "Closure of ABS-CBN broadcast operations affects Filipinos in far-flung areas amid Ambo's onslaught". Archived from the original on May 16, 2020. Retrieved May 16, 2020.
- ^ Lalu, Gabriel Pabico (May 15, 2020). "Netizens claim some folks unaware of Typhoon Ambo due to absence of ABS-CBN". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on May 16, 2020. Retrieved May 16, 2020.
- ^ "'Ang Probinsyano,' other ABS-CBN shows to return via cable, satellite TV". Rappler. June 4, 2020. Archived from the original on June 9, 2020. Retrieved June 14, 2020.
- ^ Jerusalem, Jigger. "Mindanao solon says denial of ABS-CBN franchise defies evidence". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on July 12, 2020. Retrieved July 16, 2020.
- ^ Antonio, Raymond. "Groups slam denial of ABS-CBN franchise renewal". Manila Bulletin. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved July 16, 2020.
- ^ "Stars and supporters protest ABS-CBN shutdown". Rappler. July 18, 2020. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 22, 2020.
- ^ "ABS-CBN employees gather in prayer, journalists hold noise barrage". Philippine Daily Inquirer. July 18, 2020. Archived from the original on July 20, 2020. Retrieved July 22, 2020.
- ^ Gallardo, Froilan (July 26, 2020). "3 funeral wreaths delivered to ABS-CBN in CDO as employees, supporters stage protest action". MindaNews. Archived from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved July 27, 2020.
- ^ Damicog, Jeffrey (July 18, 2020). "ABS-CBN supporters launch 'Pirma Kapamilya' campaign". Manila Bulletin. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved July 18, 2020.
- ^ Damicog, Jeffrey (July 25, 2020). "PIRMA Kapamilya signature campaign launched". Manila Bulletin. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved July 25, 2020.
- ^ Camus, Miguel (September 3, 2020). "ABS-CBN shutdown aftermath: Research firm, ad agencies also cutting jobs". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on September 3, 2020. Retrieved September 7, 2020.
- ^ "Kantar Reverses Closure of Philippines TV Ratings". Research Live. October 6, 2020. Archived from the original on October 8, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.
- ^ "Famed ALA Promotions to shut down". FightNews.com. August 18, 2020. Archived from the original on December 16, 2020. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
- ^ Matel, Philip (August 18, 2020). "ALA Boxing bids farewell after 35 years, to release all its fighters". ESPN5. Archived from the original on November 15, 2020. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
- ^ "ALA Boxing closes shop after 35 years". Inquirer.net. August 18, 2020. Archived from the original on August 19, 2020. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
- ^ Songalia, Ryan (August 18, 2020). "ALA Boxing, once Philippines' top promotional company, closes doors after 35 years". The Ring. Archived from the original on January 17, 2021. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
- ^ Saldajeno, Ivan Stewart (August 18, 2020). "ALA Boxing closes shop after 35 years". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on January 27, 2021. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
- ^ Gasgonia, Dennis (August 18, 2020). "Philippine boxing took 'hit on the chin' with closure of ALA". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on August 24, 2020. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
- ^ Santos, Elmor. "ABS-CBN to lay off workers effective August 31". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on July 16, 2020. Retrieved July 16, 2020.
- ^ "ABS-CBN lays off 4,000 workers". The Manila Times. September 1, 2020. Archived from the original on November 1, 2020. Retrieved September 1, 2020.
- ^ "LIST: Displaced ABS-CBN broadcasters, where are they now". PhilStar.com. September 25, 2020. Archived from the original on October 4, 2020. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
- ^ "MOR, tuluyan nang magsasara; DJ Chacha, naiyak" (in Filipino). ABS-CBN News. July 16, 2020. Archived from the original on August 6, 2020. Retrieved August 8, 2020.
- ^ Biong, Ian. "DJ Chacha laments last 45 days of MOR 101.9 after ABS-CBN shutdown". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on July 16, 2020. Retrieved July 16, 2020.
- ^ Amanda Lago (July 23, 2020). "After ABS-CBN shutdown, 'Sagip Pelikula' faces uncertain future". Rappler. Archived from the original on July 24, 2020. Retrieved August 4, 2020.
- ^ "12 regional 'TV Patrol' programs to air final newscasts on August 28". ABS-CBN News. August 26, 2020. Archived from the original on August 26, 2020. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
- ^ Deveza, Reyma (May 31, 2024). "'Goin' Bulilit' returning to TV on June 17". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved May 31, 2024.
- ^ ""It's Showtime" kids and Baby Giant headline return of "Goin Bulilit"". ABS-CBN Entertainment. ABS-CBN Corporation. June 28, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
- ^ "ACJ O Shopping Corp to cease operations, says ABS-CBN". ABS-CBN News. July 8, 2020. Archived from the original on July 8, 2020. Retrieved July 8, 2020.
- ^ "O Shopping Cease Broadcast and Channel Assignment Change". Sky Cable. October 1, 2020. Archived from the original on October 24, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2020.
- ^ Matel, Philip (July 16, 2020). "ABS-CBN Sports, longtime home of numerous leagues, signs off". ESPN5.com. Archived from the original on July 18, 2020. Retrieved July 22, 2020.
- ^ Ulanday, John Bryan (July 13, 2020). "Pacquiao's MPBL moves on from ABS-CBN, looks for new TV home". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on July 16, 2020. Retrieved July 22, 2020.
- ^ Escarlote, Mark (July 19, 2020). "PVL scrambles to find new home as ABS-CBN Sports shuts down". ABS-CBN Sports. Archived from the original on July 24, 2020. Retrieved July 24, 2020.
- ^ Canoy, Jeff (August 28, 2020). "Bitbit ang mga luha, alaala: Mga mare-retrench sa ABS-CBN nagpaalam na". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on August 30, 2020. Retrieved December 12, 2020.
- ^ "'Heartbreaking': OPM artists react to One Music PH shutting down". ABS-CBN News. July 22, 2020. Archived from the original on July 22, 2020. Retrieved July 22, 2020.
- ^ "After 5 years, KidZania Manila to cease operations". ABS-CBN News. July 22, 2020. Archived from the original on October 1, 2020. Retrieved July 22, 2020.
- ^ "ABS-CBN shuts down free legal and medical services unit". Manila Bulletin. August 20, 2020. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved August 20, 2020.
- ^ "A fond farewell to Restaurant 9501, once Manila's best kept secret within ABS-CBN". ABS-CBN News. August 8, 2020. Archived from the original on August 8, 2020. Retrieved August 8, 2020.
- ^ "After non-renewal of ABS-CBN franchise, Chalk.ph bids goodbye". Rappler. August 8, 2020. Archived from the original on August 10, 2020. Retrieved August 20, 2020.
- ^ "ABS-CBN Studio Tours, Store and Studio Experience to stop operations". ABS-CBN News. August 28, 2020. Archived from the original on September 3, 2020. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
- ^ Mercado, Neil Arwin (November 2, 2020). "Super Typhoon Rolly bares 'information gap' left by ABS-CBN shutdown". INQUIRER.net. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved November 12, 2020.
- ^ Sibucao, Claire Denise (November 3, 2020). "Netizens slam gov't for ABS-CBN Regional absence in Typhoon Rolly". UPLB Perspective. Archived from the original on November 3, 2020. Retrieved November 12, 2020.
- ^ "Anthony Pangilinan, napaisip kung sapat ang babala para sa Typhoon Ulysses; Jim Parades, nami-miss ang ABS-CBN News". PEP.ph. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved November 12, 2020.
- ^ Madarang, Catalina Ricci S. (December 20, 2021). "ABS-CBN's regional stations missed after Odette's wrath in Visayas, Mindanao". InterAksyon. Archived from the original on December 20, 2021. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
- ^ Parrocha, Azer (November 2, 2020). "No Info Gaps Left by ABS-CBN Shutdown: Roque". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on August 15, 2021. Retrieved August 11, 2021.
- ^ "Roque Denies Information Gap in Cagayan Floods, but Vows to 'Do Better' in Disaster Response". The Daily Tribune. November 16, 2020. Archived from the original on August 15, 2021. Retrieved August 11, 2021.
- ^ a b "'Chilling effect' hit Philippine newsrooms in wake of ABS-CBN shutdown— veteran journalist". ABS-CBN News. July 10, 2021. Archived from the original on August 8, 2022. Retrieved October 18, 2022.
- ^ a b Subingsubing, Krixia (May 4, 2021). "ABS-CBN's ordeal and its 'chilling effect' on media". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on October 18, 2022. Retrieved October 18, 2022.
- ^ Villa-Ignacio, Erika (September 1, 2020). "Cultural vacuum: How ABS-CBN's shutdown affects media culture". Rappler. Archived from the original on October 18, 2022. Retrieved October 18, 2022.
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on television
- Television controversies in the Philippines
- Benigno Aquino III administration controversies
- Duterte administration controversies
- ABS-CBN
- 2012 controversies
- 2017 controversies
- 2020 controversies
- Television in the Philippines
- 2012 in Philippine television
- 2014 in Philippine television
- 2017 in Philippine television
- 2019 in Philippine television
- 2020 in Philippine television