Draft:Doctrine (startup)
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| Industry | Legal information |
|---|---|
| Founded | 2016 in Paris |
| Founder | Nicolas Bustamante, Antoine Dusséaux, and Raphael Champeimont |
| Headquarters | , |
Area served | France, Italy |
| Website | www |
Doctrine is a legal search engine created to improve access to legal information by assembling an extensive repository of jurisprudence. The French startup uses artificial intelligence to centralise legal information and make it accessible to legal professionals.[1]
Founded in 2016, Doctrine provides a database of case law, links to articles authored by legal professionals, search capabilities, and keyword search functions.[1][2]
History
[edit]Doctrine was created in June 2016[3][4] by Nicolas Bustamante, Antoine Dusséaux, and Raphael Champeimont.[1][5][6][7] The concept for the company was conceived during the founders' studies in California, where the legal technology sector was advancing rapidly. Upon their return to France, they identified shortcomings in legal research processes, noting that existing methods were time-consuming, expensive, and incomplete.[1] In response, they developed a platform to centralise case law and commentary from legal professionals.[1]
In 2020, Doctrine launched the "Document Analyzer" feature, which detects and enriches legal sources in documents.[8]
In April 2023, the company announced that it would be acquired by the investment funds Summit Partners[2] and Peugeot Invest for more than €100 million.[9][4][10][11]
In December 2023, Doctrine announced its acquisition of Jobexit, marking the company's first acquisition.[12] Jobexit is a French legal technology company specialising in the automation of compensation calculations for the termination of employment contracts. The acquisition intended to integrate tools that assist professionals in labor law, payroll, and human resources.[12]
In 2024, Doctrine expanded into Italy.[13] That same year, it received coaching from the CNIL on GDPR and signed a partnership agreement with the Paris Bar.[14][15][16]
Business model
[edit]The search engine relies on algorithms and artificial intelligence[17][18] and is commercialised on a subscription-based model.[19][20]
Legal proceedings
[edit]Doctrine has been involved in several disputes. Firstly, its competitors LexisNexis, Dalloz, Wolters Kulwer France, Lexbase and Lextenso accused the start-up of unfair competition. In February 2023, after five years of proceedings since 2018, the Paris Commercial Court ruled in favour of Doctrine on the merits, rejecting the publishers' claims and ordering them to pay 50,000 euros in damages for abusive proceedings (the legal publishers have appealed, and the proceedings are ongoing).[21][22] Doctrine was also accused of typosquatting, a charge that was dismissed in 2022.[23][16] Finally, the start-up has announced that it will be taking its case to the European Court of Human Rights to gain access to all the decisions of the Paris Court of First Instance.[24]
Organisation
[edit]CEO
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e Dumourier, Arnaud (20 June 2016). "Doctrine.fr veut libérer le droit" [Doctrine.fr wants to free the right]. www.lemondedudroit.fr. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
- ^ a b "Doctrine Receives Growth Investment from Summit Partners to Build Leader in AI-Powered Legal Intelligence". www.summitpartners.com. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
- ^ "Doctrine lève 10 millions pour son moteur de recherche juridique". Les Echos (Entrepreneurs). 29 June 2018. Archived from the original on 29 August 2024. Retrieved 29 August 2024.
- ^ a b "Legaltech : Doctrine rachetée par le fonds américain Summit Partners". Les Echos (in French). 11 April 2023. Archived from the original on 29 August 2024. Retrieved 29 August 2024.
- ^ FRENCHWEB.FR, LA REDACTION DE (29 June 2018). "Doctrine.fr lève 10 millions d'euros sur fond de polémique (MAJ)" [Doctrine.fr raises 10 million euros against a background of controversy (MAJ)]. FRENCHWEB.FR (in French). Retrieved 16 December 2024.
- ^ LEAGUE, LEADERS (18 September 2018). "Nicolas Bustamante (Doctrine.fr) : « On nous appelle le « Google du ..." DECIDEURS MAGAZINE - Accédez à toute l’actualité de la vie des affaires : stratégie, finance, RH, innovation (in French). Retrieved 16 December 2024.
- ^ Richardin, Anais (28 September 2018). "Typosquatting : Doctrine aurait usurpé l'identité de son concurrent Predictice". Maddyness - Le média pour comprendre l'économie de demain (in French). Retrieved 16 December 2024.
- ^ Rochefort, Mathilde (22 September 2020). "Doctrine, l'entreprise de legaltech qui révolutionne le monde juridique français". Siècle Digital (in French). Archived from the original on 9 December 2023. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
- ^ Demarle, Xavier (28 February 2023). "Summit Partners négocie le rachat de Doctrine". l'Informé (in French). Archived from the original on 29 August 2024. Retrieved 29 August 2024.
- ^ Digital, La Revue du (11 April 2023). "Le trublion de la legaltech française Doctrine racheté par un fonds d'investissement américain" [The troublemaker of the French legaltech Doctrine bought by an American investment fund]. La Revue du Digital (in French). Retrieved 16 December 2024.
- ^ Digitale, Usine (11 April 2023). "La legaltech française Doctrine rachetée par le fonds américain Summit Partners" [The French legaltech Doctrine bought by the American fund Summit Partners]. L'Usine Digitale (in French).
- ^ a b "Doctrine annonce sa toute première acquisition" [Doctrine announces its very first acquisition]. mesinfos (in French). 21 December 2023. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
- ^ "Jus Mundi, la start-up qui monte dans la legaltech française". Les Echos (in French). 11 September 2024. Archived from the original on 17 September 2024. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
- ^ Vitard, Alice (23 September 2024). "RGPD : Docaposte, Doctrine, la Française des Jeux et ShareID bénéficient du soutien renforcé de la Cnil". Usine Digitale (in French).
- ^ Manach, Jean-Marc (24 September 2024). "La CNIL offre un " accompagnement renforcé " à Docaposte, Doctrine, la FDJ et ShareID". Next.ink (in French). Archived from the original on 26 September 2024. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
- ^ a b Wong, Camille (17 October 2024). "Doctrine, le " Google du droit " signe avec le Barreau de Paris". Les Échos. Archived from the original on 12 November 2024. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
- ^ Bregeras, Guillaume (29 June 2018). "Doctrine en passe d'imposer son moteur de recherche". Les Échos. Retrieved 14 September 2024.
- ^ Matarin, Yann (20 December 2017). "Doctrine.fr : l'intelligence artificielle au service des juristes". Capital.fr (in French). Retrieved 12 September 2024.
- ^ Rees, Marc (11 March 2016). "Doctrine.fr, le moteur qui ambitionne de devenir le Google du droit". Next (in French). Archived from the original on 19 June 2024. Retrieved 29 August 2024.
- ^ de Senneville, Valérie (22 March 2017). "Quand les algorithmes entrent dans les prétoires". Les Echos (in French). Retrieved 29 August 2024.
- ^ "Cinq éditeurs juridiques condamnés pour procédure abusive contre le site Doctrine.fr". Le Figaro (in French). 23 February 2023. Archived from the original on 27 August 2024. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
- ^ "Affaire Doctrine.fr : cinq éditeurs font appel". Livres Hebdo (in French). Retrieved 13 December 2024.
- ^ Chaperon, Isabelle (5 August 2019). "L'information juridique en procès". Le Monde (in French). Retrieved 13 December 2024.
- ^ Vitard, Alice (28 June 2022). "Doctrine s'en remet à la justice européenne pour nourrir son moteur de recherche juridique". L'Usine Digitale (in French). Archived from the original on 3 September 2024. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
- ^ "Doctrine.fr se réorganise sous l'égide du nouveau DG Guillaume Carrère". La Lettre (in French). 8 December 2020. Archived from the original on 29 August 2024. Retrieved 29 August 2024.