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Denmark–Venezuela relations

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Danish-Venezuelan relations
Map indicating locations of Denmark and Venezuela

Denmark
Venezuela

Denmark–Venezuela relations refers to the current and historical relations between Denmark and Venezuela. Denmark is accredited to Venezuela from its embassy in Brasilia, Brazil.[1] Venezuela is accredited to Denmark from its embassy in Oslo, Norway. In 1878, the relations between Denmark and Venezuela were described as "friendly".[2]

History

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On March 26, 1838, Denmark and Venezuela agreed to sign a Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation.[3] On July 18, 1858, Denmark and Venezuela signed a special treaty about customs.[4] In 1863, a Friendship, Commerce and Navigation Treaty was signed in Caracas between Denmark and Venezuela.[5] The treaty was described as the most liberal one for Venezuela.[6]

In the Venezuela Crisis of 1902–1903, President of Venezuela Cipriano Castro refused to pay foreign debts and damages of citizens from various European countries following the civil wars. This refusal resulted in a blockade by Great Britain, Germany, and Italy. Although individual citizens from Denmark pressed claims, the government of Denmark refused to participate in the intervention.[7][8] During the crisis American ambassador to Venezuela Herbert Wolcott Bowen transferred the defence of Venezuela to Venezuela's allies including Denmark.[9]

During the period from 1938 to 1948, dozens of Danish families emigrated to Venezuela.[10][11] On 5 June 1938, 187 Danes sailed for Venezuela.[12]

Commercial relations

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In 1831 to 1832, the total trade between Denmark and Venezuela amounted 7,876,000 francs. In 1841 to 1842, the trade reached a maximum of 1,700,000 million francs. The trade was conducted almost through the Danish colony of Saint Thomas.[13]

In 2007, Danish export to Venezuela amounted 347 million DKK, while imports from Venezuela amounted 163 million DKK. From January to September 2008, Danish export to Venezuela amounted 304 million DKK while import from Venezuela amounted 196 million DKK.[14]

State visits

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Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez visited Denmark in December 2009, for the 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference.[15][16]

Migration

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In 2018, Denmark provided support for venezuelan refugees and migrants.[17]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Registrering af dansker i Venezuela". Danish embassy in Brasilia, Brazil. Retrieved 28 September 2011.[permanent dead link]
  2. ^ Report and accompanying documents of the committee on foreign affairs on the relations of the United States and Mexico. 1878. p. 83. Retrieved 29 September 2011.
  3. ^ Clive Parry (1969). The Consolidated treaty series, Volume 87. Oceana Publications. p. 403. ISBN 9780379130003. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
  4. ^ J. Jørgensen & Co (1874). Danske tractater, Volume 3. Denmark. Treaties, etc.
  5. ^ Philip Caryl Jessup (1939). A collection of neutrality laws, regulations and treaties of various countries, Volume 2. Carnegie endowment for international peace. p. 1483. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
  6. ^ "FROM VENEZUELA.; The Treaty of peace--Further Stipulations--The Pearl Fisheries--A Projected Riot Frustrated--Feasts of the Church--A New American Cantatrice--Guzeran Blanco and the Peace--The New Danish Treaty--The British Steamers--Settlement of the Spanish Question. CARACANIANS!". The New York Times. 14 June 1863. p. 2. Retrieved 15 October 2011. The new treaty with Denmark, which has just been ratified by the Government of Gen. PAEZ, is a most liberal one for Venezuela. Under it the flag of a neutral Power is to cover not only the vessel, but even enemy's goods, except contraband of war, and the arbitration of a friendly Power is in all cases to be invoked before proceeding to hostilities. Thus are the principles of American diplomacy becoming inwrought upon European policy.
  7. ^ "Riva leaves Caracas". Youngstown Vindicator. 17 December 1902. Retrieved 15 October 2011.
  8. ^ "All others settled by Venezuela in the 70s - Denmark backs this one". Boston Evening Transcript. 19 January 1903. Retrieved 15 October 2011.
  9. ^ "In Regard to Venezuela". The Meriden Daily Journal. 31 January 1903. Retrieved 15 October 2011.
  10. ^ "Dansk udvandringspolitik i mellemkrigsårene: Visioner og resultater". Historie/Jyske Samlinger, Bind Ny række, 17 (1987 - 1989) 2. Tidskriften.dk. Archived from the original on 25 April 2012. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
  11. ^ C. Hansen Vildrose (1938). Venezuelas S.O.S. Skal Danske udvandre til Venezuela?. p. 28.
  12. ^ "187 Danes Sail to Set Up Settlement in Venezuela". The New York Times. 5 June 1938. Retrieved 29 September 2011.
  13. ^ Commercial relations of the United States with foreign countries. 1856. p. 625. OCLC 504094470. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
  14. ^ "Country information". Archived from the original on 25 April 2012. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
  15. ^ "Chavez: Danmark undertrykker mere end Venezuela". Politiken. 17 December 2009. Archived from the original on 25 March 2010. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
  16. ^ "Venezuelan Climate Envoy Recalls 'Bloody Palm' Incident, Has High Hopes for Cancun". The New York Times. 10 November 2009. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
  17. ^ "Denmark provides support to Venezuelan refugees and migrants". UNHCR Nordic and Baltic Countries. Retrieved 2024-03-05.
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