Democrat Party (Persia)

Democrat Party
Leader	Soleiman Eskandari^[1]
Parliamentary leader	Hassan Taqizadeh^[2]
Executive secretary	Haydar Khan Amo-oghli^[3]
Founded	1909
Dissolved	1919 or 1921^[4]
Preceded by	Social Democratic Party
Headquarters	Tehran, Persia^[2]
Newspaper	Iran-e No^[2] Nobahar^[2] Iran^[2] Zaban-e Azad^[2]
Ideology	Social democracy^[3] Radicalism^[3] Progressivism^[3] Nationalism^[2] Secularism^[2] Constitutionalism^[3]
Political position	Centre-left
Politics of Iran Political parties Elections

The Democrat Party (Persian: فرقه دموکرات) was a social democratic political party in Qajari Persia, during the constitutional period. It was one of two major parliamentary parties at the time, along with the Moderate Socialists Party.^[2] It was largely composed of middle-class intellectuals and stood for the separation of church and state.^[3]

History

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Initially an offshoot of the Transcaucasia-based Social Democratic Party, it severed direct ties with Baku and dropped "Social" from the name in deference to the conservative public. Its ideology, however, remained heavily borrowed from the old party.^[3]

In 1918, the party split definitively into the Pro-Reorganization Democrats (Persian: دموکرات‌های تشکیلی, romanized: Demokrāthā-ye taškīlī) led by Bahar; and the Anti-Reorganization Democrats (Persian: دموکرات‌های ضدتشکیلی, romanized: Demokrāthā-ye żedd-e taškīlī).^[2]

Radicalism
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Parliament election results

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Election	Seats				Quota^[5]
Election	Count^[5]	±	%	±	Quota^[5]
1906	21 / 156	—	13.46	—	Minority as Social Democratic Party
1909	28 / 126	7	22.22	8.76	Minority
1914	51 / 115	23	44.34	22.12	Majority party Including 20 in coalition

References

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^ Afary, Janet (1996). The Iranian Constitutional Revolution, 1906–1911: Grassroots Democracy, Social Democracy, and the Origins of Feminism. Columbia University Press. pp. 70. ISBN 0-231-10350-6.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Ettehadieh, Mansoureh (October 28, 2011) [December 15, 1992]. "CONSTITUTIONAL REVOLUTION v. Political parties of the constitutional period". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Fasc. 2. Vol. VI. New York City: Bibliotheca Persica Press. pp. 199–202. Retrieved September 12, 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. pp. 103–105. ISBN 0-691-10134-5.
^ Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. p. 553. ISBN 0-691-10134-5.
^ ^a ^b آشنایی با تاریخ مجالس قانونگذاری در ایران دوره اول تا دوره شانزدهم [History of Legislatures in Iran (1285–1328)] (in Persian). Majlis Research Center. 2005 [1384]. pp. 19–20, 46–47, 68. Archived from the original on 2020-12-13. Retrieved 2016-10-15.

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