Cheilosia variabilis

Cheilosia variabilis
	Male of Cheilosia variabilis. Dorsal view
	Side view. Face showing projecting hairs on the sides
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Diptera
Family:	Syrphidae
Genus:	Cheilosia
Species:	C. variabilis
Binomial name
	Cheilosia variabilis; (Panzer, 1798)
Synonyms
	List Cheilosia funebres (Harris, 1780) ; Cheilosia nigrina (Meigen, 1822) ; Musca funebres Harris, 1780 ; Syrphus nigrina Meigen, 1822 ; Syrphus variabilis Panzer, 1798;

Cheilosia variabilis, common name figwort cheilosia, is a species of hoverfly belonging to the family Syrphidae.^[1]

Distribution

This species is native to the Palearctic realm, present in most of Europe eastwards to western Siberia, in the Near East, and in North Africa.^[2]^[3]

Habitat

These hoverflies inhabit deciduous forest, from the Fagus, Picea zone to alluvial hardwood forest, tracksides and edges of clearings.^[4]

Description

For terms see Morphology of Diptera
Cheilosia variabilis can reach a body length of 10–25 millimetres (0.39–0.98 in) and a wing length of 9–12 mm. Like most Cheilosia this large species is blackish, and because of this colour it may often be overlooked as a hoverfly. Face has outstanding hairs on the sides and a conspicuous central knob. Antennae are black or dark brown and hairs of arista are longer than diameter of basal part. Thorax is black-haired. Abdomen is rather elongate and tergites are pale yellow-haired. Wings are greyish and disproportionately long. Legs are entirely black. In males halteres are pale brown.^[5] ^[6] ^[7]^[8] The larva is figured by Dusek (1962).^[9]

This species is rather similar to Cheilosia lasiopa, Cheilosia vulpina and Cheilosia griseiventris.

on Scrophularia nodosa

Biology

Adult hoverflies can be found from April to September in two generations per year, as this species is bivoltine. They visit flowers of white umbellifers, Aegopodium podagraria, Alliaria petiolata, Anthriscus sylvestris, Apiaceae, Aurinia saxatilis, Conium maculatum, Crataegus laevigata, Euphorbia cyparissias, Meum athamanticum, Potentilla reptans, Ranunculus repens, Salix spec., Sambucus nigra, Caltha, Cirsium, Galium, Scrophularia, Sorbus aucuparia.^[10]

The larvae are miners in the rhizomes of the common figwort (Scrophularia nodosa) (hence the common name) and in the stalks of the water figwort (Scrophularia auriculata).^[11]^[12]

References

^ Catalogue of life
^ Fauna europaea
^ Peck, L.V. (1988) Syrphidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (eds.) Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, 8: 11-230. Akad.Kiado, Budapest.
^ Speight, M.C.D. (2011). "Species accounts of European Syrphidae (Diptera)" (PDF). Syrph the Net, the Database of European Syrphidae. 65: 285pp.
^ Van Veen, M. (2004) Hoverflies of Northwest Europe: identification keys to the Syrphidae. 256pp. KNNV Publishing, Utrecht.addendum
^ Van der Goot,V.S. (1981) De zweefvliegen van Noordwest - Europa en Europees Rusland, in het bijzonder van de Benelux. KNNV, Uitgave no.32: 275pp. Amsterdam.
^ Bei-Bienko, G.Y. & Steyskal, G.C. (1988) Keys to the Insects of the European Part of the USSR, Volume V: Diptera and Siphonaptera, Part I. Amerind Publishing Co., New Delhi. ISBN 81-205-0080-6.
^ Coe, R.L. (1953) Diptera: Syrphidae. Handbks.ident.Br.insects, 10(1): 1-98. R.ent.Soc.London. pdf Archived 2018-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
^ Dusek, J. (1962) Beitrag zur kenntnis von larven der Gattung Cheilosia Mg. (Diptera, Syrphidae). Acta Soc.Ent.Cechoslov. 59(1): 68-72.
^ de Buck, N. (1990) Bloembezoek en bestuivingsecologie van Zweefvliegen (Diptera, Syrphidae) in het bijzonder voor België. Doc.Trav. IRSNB, no.60, 1-167.
^ BARKEMEYER, W (1994). "Untersuchung zum Vorkommen der Schwebfliegen in Niedersachsen und Bremen (Diptera: Syrphidae)". Naturschutz Landschattspfl. Niedersachs. 31. Hannover: 1–514. ISBN 3-922321-70-4.
^ Stubbs, Alan E.; Falk, Steven J. (1983). British Hoverflies: An Illustrated Identification Guide. British Entomological & Natural History Society. pp. 253, xvpp.

External links

Boldy Systems
Flickr Photos
Stuart Ball, Roger Morris Britain's Hoverflies: A Field Guide - Revised and Updated Second Edition

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[1] Catalogue of life

[2] Fauna europaea

[3] Peck, L.V. (1988) Syrphidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (eds.) Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, 8: 11-230. Akad.Kiado, Budapest.

[Speight-4] Speight, M.C.D. (2011). "Species accounts of European Syrphidae (Diptera)" (PDF). Syrph the Net, the Database of European Syrphidae. 65: 285pp.

[5] Van Veen, M. (2004) Hoverflies of Northwest Europe: identification keys to the Syrphidae. 256pp. KNNV Publishing, Utrecht.addendum

[6] Van der Goot,V.S. (1981) De zweefvliegen van Noordwest - Europa en Europees Rusland, in het bijzonder van de Benelux. KNNV, Uitgave no.32: 275pp. Amsterdam.

[7] Bei-Bienko, G.Y. & Steyskal, G.C. (1988) Keys to the Insects of the European Part of the USSR, Volume V: Diptera and Siphonaptera, Part I. Amerind Publishing Co., New Delhi. ISBN 81-205-0080-6.

[8] Coe, R.L. (1953) Diptera: Syrphidae. Handbks.ident.Br.insects, 10(1): 1-98. R.ent.Soc.London. pdf Archived 2018-10-04 at the Wayback Machine

[9] Dusek, J. (1962) Beitrag zur kenntnis von larven der Gattung Cheilosia Mg. (Diptera, Syrphidae). Acta Soc.Ent.Cechoslov. 59(1): 68-72.

[10] Buck, N. (1990) Bloembezoek en bestuivingsecologie van Zweefvliegen (Diptera, Syrphidae) in het bijzonder voor België. Doc.Trav. IRSNB, no.60, 1-167.

[11] BARKEMEYER, W (1994). "Untersuchung zum Vorkommen der Schwebfliegen in Niedersachsen und Bremen (Diptera: Syrphidae)". Naturschutz Landschattspfl. Niedersachs. 31. Hannover: 1–514. ISBN 3-922321-70-4.

[12] Stubbs, Alan E.; Falk, Steven J. (1983). British Hoverflies: An Illustrated Identification Guide. British Entomological & Natural History Society. pp. 253, xvpp.

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