Jump to content

Bayelsa State

Coordinates: 4°45′N 6°05′E / 4.750°N 6.083°E / 4.750; 6.083
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Bayelsa State, Nigeria)

Bayelsa
State
Bayelsa State Government of Nigeria
Flag of Bayelsa
Flag
Official seal of Bayelsa
Seal
Coat of arms of Bayelsa
Coat of arms
Nicknames: 
"Glory of all lands"
Motto(s): 
Truth, Service and Justice[1]
Location of Bayelsa State in Nigeria
Location of Bayelsa State in Nigeria
CountryNigeria
Geopolitical ZoneSouth South
Created1 October 1996
CapitalYenagoa
Government
 • BodyGovernment of Bayelsa State
 • GovernorDouye Diri (PDP)
 • Deputy GovernorLawrence Ewhrudjakpo (PDP)
 • LegislatureBayelsa State House of Assembly
 • SenatorsC: Moses Cleopas (PDP)
E : Benson Sunday Agadaga (PDP)
W: Henry Seriake Dickson (PDP)
 • RepresentativesList
Area
 • Total
10,773 km2 (4,159 sq mi)
 • Rank27th
Population
 • Estimate 
(2022)
2,537,400[2][3][4]
 Ranked 36th
DemonymBayelsan
GDP (PPP)
 • Year2021
 • Total$29.97 billion[5]
9th of 36
 • Per capita$11,379[5]
2nd of 36
Postal/Zip Code
560001
Dialing Code+234-(089)
ISO 3166 codeNG-BY
HDI (2022)0.573[6]
medium · 20th of 37

Bayelsa state is a state in the South South region of Nigeria, located in the core of the Niger Delta.[7][8] Bayelsa State was created in 1996 and was carved out from Rivers State,[9] making it one of the newest states in the federation.[10] The capital, Yenagoa, is susceptible to high risk of annual flooding.[11] It shares a boundary with Rivers State to the east and Delta State to the north across the Niger River for 17km and the Forçados River for 198km, with the waters of the Atlantic Ocean dominating its southern borders.[9][12][13][12][8] It has a total area of 10,773 square kilometres (4,159 sq mi).[3][4][14] The state comprises eight local government areas: Ekeremor, Kolokuma/Opokuma, Yenagoa, Nembe, Ogbia, Sagbama, Brass and Southern Ijaw.[8] Bayelsa state is regarded as the least populous state in Nigeria with an estimated population of over 2,530,000[15] as at 2022.[4][3][16] Being in the Niger Delta, Bayelsa State has a riverine and estuarine setting, with bodies of water within the state making the development of significant road infrastructure, quite difficult.[17]

The state is the primary and ancestral home of the Ijaw people's, from where migration took place to other Ijaw settlements. The languages of the Ijaw (Ogbia, Nembe, Epie, Ijaw) are widely spoken in Bayelsa State, along with Isoko and Urhobo.[18] The state is also the ancestral home of the Urhobo people in the Sagbama local government area.[19]

As a state in the oil-rich Niger Delta, Bayelsa State's economy is dominated by the petroleum industry.[20][21] The state is the site of Oloibiri Oilfield, where oil was first discovered in Nigeria, and as of 2015 the state was estimated to produce 30-40% of the country's oil.[22][23] The state has the largest gas reservoir (18 trillion cubic feet) in Nigeria.[24] Though being the site of one of the largest crude oil and natural gas deposits in the country contributes to local economic development, the state remains plagued by rampant poverty as well as pollution stemming from oil spills.[25][26][27]

History

[edit]

During the 20th century, demanding a new, majority-Ijaw state to be drawn in the Niger Delta Region became common. Between 1941 and 1956, numerous Ijaw nationalist organizations supportive of an Ijaw-majority state in Southern Nigeria were founded. Isaac Adaka Boro, a prominent Ijaw rights activist during the 1960s who was born in Oloibiri, attempted to proclaim a "Niger Delta Peoples Republic" in 1966.[28][29][30] Bayelsa State was created out of Rivers State on 1 October 1996[31] by the Sani Abacha's military government. Its name was derived from the first few letters of the names of the major local government areas from which it was formed: Brass LGA (BALGA), Yenagoa LGA (YELGA) and Sagbama LGA (SALGA).[32]

On 20 November 1999, the Nigerian military committed what is now referred to as the Odi massacre. The death toll remains disputed to this day, though Nnimmo Bassey, executive director of Environmental Rights Action, claims that nearly 2500 civilians were killed.[33][34]

In response to environmental degradation in the state caused by the oil industry, movements such as the "Rise for Bayelsa[35]" campaign have emerged to push for protecting the local water supply.[36] In 2019, the Bayelsa State government launched the first formal inquiry into the crisis of oil pollution in the state.[37][38]

Economy

[edit]

Bayelsa State has one of the largest crude oil and natural gas deposits in Nigeria.[39][40] As a result, petroleum production is substantial in the state. Even though Bayelsa State is well-endowed with natural resources, the state "enjoys very minimal dividends from its oil wealth due to the structural inequities in the national revenue allocation system in the practice of fiscal federalism in the country".[41]

Geography

[edit]

Bayelsa has a riverine and estuarine setting.[42] Many communities are almost (and in some cases) surrounded by water, making them inaccessible by road. The state is home to the Edumanom Forest Reserve, in June 2008 the last known site for chimpanzees in the Niger Delta.[43]

Other important cities besides Yenagoa include Akassa, Lobia, Wilberforce Island (the location of the Bayelsa Airport), Amassoma and Ogobiri (the host communities of the Niger Delta University (NDU), Eniwari, Ekeremor, Aliebiri, Anyama-Ogbia, Anyama-Ijaw, Peretoru, Twon-Brass, Egwema-Brass, Kaiama, Nembe, Odi, Ogbia, Okpoama, Brass, Oporoma, Korokorosei, Otuan, Koroama, Okolobiri, Obunagha, Ogboloma, Sagbama, Olugbobiri, Peremabiri, Ekowe, and Swali.

The Akassa Lighthouse has stood since 1910.[44]

Climate

[edit]

Bayelsa has a tropical monsoon climate with yearly temperature of 28.64 °C (83.55 °F) and it is -0.82% lower than Nigeria's averages. The state typically receives about 241.52 millimeters (9.51 inches) of precipitation and has 296.16 rainy days (81.14% of the time) annually.[45]

Bayelsa State has mostly received the effects of climate change due to environmental degradation and high levels of carbon emissions.[46][47]

The Bayelsa region experiences tropical monsoon weather. All year long, there are high temperatures and a lot of rain. In Bayelsa, the average annual temperature is 56 degrees, and there are roughly 675 inches of rain each year. With an average humidity of 82% and a UV-index of 6, it is dry for 47 days out of the year.[48]

Environmental issues

[edit]

Soot pollution

[edit]

This is a black hazardous carbonate substance that pollutes the area due to its illegal burning of crude oil (locally called Kpo-fire).[49] This carcinogenic chemical causes illnesses such as lung cancer, skin irritation, allergies, respiratory tract infections, eye problem, etc. Its effect is also meted on the environment as it causes air pollution, soil pollution, water pollution which has led to the death of both plants, humans and animals.[50]

Flooding

[edit]

This is a common annual problem in Bayelsa because it is located on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. The rise of seawater is the major cause. The flooding has affected many communities, properties and human lives.[51] Almost all areas in Bayelsa state are affected by flooding but Ekeremor, Southern Ijaw, Sagbama, Kolokuma/Opokuma and Yenagoa areas of Bayelsa state are more prone to flooding as it affects these areas yearly.[52] Poor town planning is another major cause of flooding in Bayelsa State.[53]

As of August 2022, the state was stricken with a flood, displacing over 1.3 million people and destroying livestock and properties.

Oil spillage

[edit]

This is one of the major environmental issues in Bayelsa State due to the activities of major oil companies.[54] Oil spillage has affected farmlands, aquatic life and the health of the people.[55] Almost every day, Udengs Eradiri is informed of another oil spill in Bayelsa state, in the Niger Delta.

He said Bayelsa used to be green, you could go to a farm or go fishing and have a very impressive harvest. You would spend hours in the water and have a handful of fish. Today, he added, you can spend the whole day without catching a glimpse of a fish.[56]

Another major environmental issue in Bayelsa state is air pollution (SOOT). Today, many people in Bayelsa state lament that they cannot breathe due to the exposure of emissions of soot, a hazardous black amorphous carbon that has almost completely polluted the air in the areas.[49]

However, stakeholders in the affected areas had in 2018 reportedly initiated a campaign with the common refrain; "Save Rivers from this soot of death", in the Rivers state region.[56]

Natural resources

[edit]

Bayelsa State's natural resources include:[57]

Mineral raw materials

[edit]

Agro raw materials

[edit]

Religion

[edit]

The Catholic Church comprises parts of Bomadi Diocese (1991) Bomadi (Diocese) [Catholic-Hierarchy] under Bishop Hyacinth Oroko Egbebo (2009) Bishop Hyacinth Oroko Egbebo [Catholic-Hierarchy], a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Benin City.[citation needed]

Transport

[edit]

Major roads include the Isaac Adaka Boro Expressway 17 km north from Yenagoa to join A2 the Elele-Alimini-Patani East-West Rd east to Rivers State at Mbiama and northwest across the Forçados River to Delta State by the 850 m bridge (2014) at Patani.

Waterways are essential for transport as many communities are not accessible by road.

Bayelsa Airport on Wilberforce Island opened in 2019, with international flights approved in 2021.[59]

Languages

[edit]

The main language spoken is Ijaw with dialects such as Kolokuma, Nembe, Epie-Atissa, and Ogbia. Like the rest of Nigeria, English is the official language.

Languages of Bayelsa State listed by LGA:[60]

LGA Languages
Brass Abureni, Southeast Ijo, Ogbia, Kugbo
Ekeremor Izon
Kolokuma Opokuma Kolokuma
Nembe Abureni, Nembe, Ijaw
Ogbia Abureni, Southeast Ijo, Odual, Ogbia, Oruma
Sagbama Buseni, Isoko, Izon, Ogbah, Okodia, Urhobo
Southern Ijaw Southeast Ijo, Izon
Yenagoa Engenni, Epie-Atissa, Izon, Ekpeye

Notable people

[edit]


Diaspora

[edit]

Due to massive overseas scholarship programs implemented by the old Rivers State in the 1970s and recent Bayelsa State governments, large numbers of Bayelsa professionals reside in Europe and North America. This is part of the general brain-drain trend affecting many African communities.[89]

Education

[edit]

The major tertiary institutions in Bayelsa state are:

Local Government Areas

[edit]
See also: List of villages in Bayelsa State

Bayelsa State consists of eight[93] local government areas:

Politics

[edit]

The state government is led by a democratically elected governor who works closely with members of the state House of Assembly. The Capital city of the state is Yenagoa.[94]

Electoral system

[edit]

The electoral system of Bayelsa state is selected using a modified two-round system. To be elected in the first round, a candidate must receive the plurality of the vote and over 25% of the vote in at least two-thirds of the State's local government Areas. If no candidate passes the threshold, a second round will be held between the top candidate and the next candidate to have received a plurality of votes in the highest number of local government Areas.[94]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Bayelsa State Symbols". Bayelsastate.gov.ng. Retrieved 9 March 2024.
  2. ^ "Bayelsa State: Subdivision". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
  3. ^ a b c "Bayelsa State Government – The Glory of all Lands". Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  4. ^ a b c Raimi, Gift Aziba-Ayam (2020). "Examining the influence of motivation on organizational productivity in Bayelsa state private hospitals". Federal University Otuoke – via Research Gate.
  5. ^ a b Okeowo, Gabriel; Fatoba, Iyanuoluwa, eds. (13 October 2022). "State of States 2022 Edition" (PDF). Budgit.org. BudgIT. Retrieved 7 March 2023.
  6. ^ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 13 September 2018.
  7. ^ "Yenagoa | Location, Facts, & Population". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  8. ^ a b c "Bayelsa – History & Culture – Bayelsa State Government". Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  9. ^ a b "Rivers state Archives". The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News. Retrieved 6 March 2022.
  10. ^ "About Bayelsa State, Nigeria". Media Nigeria. 12 April 2022. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
  11. ^ Oladimeji, O. E.; Ohwo, O. (3 May 2022). "Assessment of Flood Risk and Mapping of Flood Risk Zones in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria". Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management. 26 (2): 219–226. doi:10.4314/jasem.v26i2.7. ISSN 2659-1502. S2CID 248577549.
  12. ^ a b "Référence rapide des codes de la CITE-P et de la CITE-A dans la CITE 2011", Guide opérationnel CITE 2011, OECD, pp. 117–118, 25 January 2016, doi:10.1787/9789264248823-16-fr, ISBN 9789264248830, retrieved 10 September 2021
  13. ^ "The Atlantic Ocean—facts and information". Environment. 18 March 2019. Archived from the original on 11 April 2021. Retrieved 5 March 2022.
  14. ^ Bayelsa, Solutions (2020). "Bayelsa at a glance". Bayelsa Solutions.
  15. ^ "Bayelsa (State, Nigeria) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location". citypopulation.de. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  16. ^ "National Results" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 May 2011. Retrieved 15 April 2024.
  17. ^ "Bayelsa". Nigeria. 15 September 2020. Retrieved 10 September 2021.
  18. ^ "Background Report: The Destruction of Odi and Rape in Choba". www.hrw.org. Retrieved 10 September 2021.
  19. ^ "Our Story". Indigenous People of Biafra USA. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
  20. ^ "Bayelsa State Government – The Glory of all Lands". Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  21. ^ "Oil and Gas". Invest Bayelsa. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
  22. ^ "Industry History". nnpcgroup.com. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
  23. ^ "Conflict Bulletin: Bayelsa State – Patterns and Trends, 2012-2014 | The Fund for Peace". fundforpeace.org. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
  24. ^ "Bayelsa State". Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission. 7 January 2019. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  25. ^ "pollution | Definition, History, Types, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  26. ^ "Nigeria's oil-rich Bayelsa State opens inquiry on spills". www.worldoil.com. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
  27. ^ "'This place used to be green': the brutal impact of oil in the Niger Delta". the Guardian. 6 December 2019. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
  28. ^ T., Akinyele, R. (2006). Isaac Adaka Boro: patriarch of minority activism in the Niger Delta. University of Lagos, Faculty of Arts. ISBN 978-075-054-1. OCLC 752210539.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  29. ^ "Overview of Bayelsa State". Niger Delta Budget Monitoring Group. Archived from the original on 22 April 2021. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
  30. ^ Organ., Thomson Reuters Herausgebendes. Social sciences citation index. OCLC 946102050. {{cite book}}: |first= has generic name (help)
  31. ^ "Bayelsa – History & Culture – Bayelsa State Government". Retrieved 11 February 2022.
  32. ^ "Learn About Bayelsa State, Nigeria | People, Local Government and Business Opportunities in Bayelsa". Overview of Nigeria |NgEX. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  33. ^ "Trade and human rights in the Niger Delta | Pambazuka News". www.pambazuka.org. 3 March 2016. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
  34. ^ "Odi massacre: Anyone with tribal marks on their chest was slaughtered, corpses littered everywhere –Bolou, former Bayelsa commissioner". Punch Newspapers. 16 December 2017. Retrieved 10 September 2021.
  35. ^ "Rise for Bayelsa - Learn more of Bayelsa and her people". Rise for Bayelsa. Retrieved 5 March 2022.
  36. ^ "Rise for Bayelsa". SILVERFISH FILMS. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
  37. ^ "Nigeria: Bayelsa state launches new inquiry into the environmental and human damage caused by oil spills in the Niger Delta". Business & Human Rights Resource Centre. Retrieved 10 September 2021.
  38. ^ "Nigeria's oil-rich Bayelsa State opens inquiry on spills". www.worldoil.com. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
  39. ^ "Bayelsa woos oil, gas, other investors". Vanguard News. 23 April 2019. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
  40. ^ "Bayelsa woos oil, gas, other investors". Vanguard News. 23 April 2019. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  41. ^ Ikein, Augustine (2004). "Economic Development Agenda for the Bayelsa State of Nigeria: An Advisor's Opinion" (PDF). Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 January 2009.
  42. ^ "Overview of Bayelsa". Niger Delta Budget Monitoring Group. Retrieved 30 May 2023.
  43. ^ "Nigeria Biodiversity and Tropical Forestry Assessment" (PDF). USAID. June 2008. p. 76. Retrieved 18 September 2010.
  44. ^ "Since 1910, a Lighthouse in the Creeks". Folio Nigeria. Retrieved 17 August 2020.
  45. ^ "Bayelsa, NG Climate Zone, Monthly Weather Averages and Historical Data". tcktcktck.org. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
  46. ^ "Bayelsa Most Affected By Climate Change Due to Environmental Degradation, Says Diri - THISDAYLIVE". www.thisdaylive.com. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
  47. ^ Igoni, Daniels (25 October 2022). "Flood: Atiku gives Bayelsa N55m, says climate change real". Punch Newspapers. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
  48. ^ "Bayelsa weather and climate ☀️ Best time to visit 🌡️ Temperature". www.besttravelmonths.com. Retrieved 24 August 2023.
  49. ^ a b "Soot pollution in Rivers, Bayelsa: All hands must be on deck". Vanguard News. 5 January 2022. Retrieved 25 March 2022.
  50. ^ "Anxiety as strange black soot envelops Yenagoa". Vanguard News. 28 December 2021. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
  51. ^ Report, Agency (16 September 2018). "Flood hits Bayelsa communities, settlements, renders many homeless". Premium Times Nigeria. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
  52. ^ "Diri faults NEMA's report, insists entire Bayelsa is flood-prone". Vanguard News. 9 September 2020. Retrieved 4 April 2022.
  53. ^ News Express. "Environmentalists identify cause of flooding in Yenagoa". News Express.
  54. ^ Nwafor (27 November 2021). "Oil spill: We can't breathe, we're dying of hunger — Bayelsa communities lament". Vanguard News. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
  55. ^ "Oil spill: We can't breathe, we're dying of hunger — Bayelsa communities lament". Vanguard News. 27 November 2021. Retrieved 25 March 2022.
  56. ^ a b "'This place used to be green': the brutal impact of oil in the Niger Delta". the Guardian. 6 December 2019. Retrieved 25 March 2022.
  57. ^ Ikenwa, Chizoba (13 January 2020). "List of Natural Mineral Resources Found in Bayelsa State". Nigerian Infopedia. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
  58. ^ Jeremiah, Urowayino (23 April 2019). "Bayelsa woos oil, gas, other investors". Vanguard News. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
  59. ^ Yenagoa
  60. ^ "Nigeria". Ethnologue (22 ed.). Retrieved 10 January 2020.
  61. ^ "Diezani Alison-Madueke scored another firs - Vanguard News". Vanguard News. 2 December 2014. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  62. ^ "Noah Bazee biography, net worth, age, family, contact & picture". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 12 September 2021.
  63. ^ "Who Killed Adaka Boro". www.gamji.com. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  64. ^ "TIMI DAKOLO". PraiseMaMa.com. Archived from the original on 30 July 2018. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  65. ^ "Edmund Daukoru". www.gamji.com. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  66. ^ Society, Urhobo Historical. "Former Military Governor Diete-Spiff Reflects On Background Problems of the Invasion". www.waado.org. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  67. ^ "Hon. Douye Diri biography, net worth, age, family, contact & picture". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 12 September 2021.
  68. ^ Mongina, Night (19 August 2024). "Timini Egbuson's net worth, background, biography and career". Legit.ng - Nigeria news. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  69. ^ NIFSummit. "Dakore Egbuson-Akande - Nigerian International Film & TV Summit". nifsummit.com. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  70. ^ Golub, Kate (15 October 2020). "Dakore Akande bio: Most interesting facts about the Nollywood star". Legit.ng - Nigeria news. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  71. ^ "Tamara Eteimo biography, net worth, age, family, contact & picture". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 12 September 2021.
  72. ^ "ETETE, Chief Dan Lauzia". Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation. 3 February 2017. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  73. ^ "Nigeria: Eagles, Black Stars Will Survive Group Stage -Finidi". This Day (Lagos). 24 March 2010. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  74. ^ "DANIEL IGALI - From obscurity to wrestling stardom - The Nation Nigeria". The Nation Nigeria. 3 July 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  75. ^ "Unsung heroes of independence - The Nation Nigeria". The Nation Nigeria. 2 October 2015. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  76. ^ "Biography | The Office of Goodluck Ebele Jonathan". www.gej.ng. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  77. ^ Falae, Vivian (March 2017). "Present Nigerian Ministers and their portfolios". legit.ng.
  78. ^ "Heineken Lokpobiri, Nigeria's Minister of State for Petroleum (Oil), to Speak at the Petroleum Club - Africa's premier report on the oil, gas and energy landscape". africaoilgasreport.com. 12 April 2024. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  79. ^ "New Ministers Assume Office". NNPC. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  80. ^ Sanusi, Rotimi (30 August 2023). "Ministers of State, Petroleum Resources (Oil & Gas) Engage with Staff of the Ministry". Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  81. ^ "Ben Murray-Bruce biography, net worth, age, family, contact & picture". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 12 September 2021.
  82. ^ Egba, Abdullahi (3 June 2021). "Ogborodi Appointed Acting NECO Registrar After Obioma's Death". Channels TV. Retrieved 3 June 2021.
  83. ^ "Gabriel Okara | Nigerian author". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  84. ^ "How Governor Melford Okilo Discovered Olumba Olumba Brotherhood - Brand Campaign". Brand Campaign. 14 September 2016. Archived from the original on 30 July 2018. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  85. ^ "Ebinabo Potts-Johnson biography, net worth, age, family, contact & picture". www.manpower.com.ng. Retrieved 12 September 2021.
  86. ^ "Bayelsa honours Samson SIasia, others". Premium Times Nigeria. 18 May 2018. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  87. ^ "Masquerades and Jokers as Governors in Bayelsa State". www.gamji.com. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  88. ^ "Afrotainment-Museke Online African Music Awards 2011". 3-mob.com. 28 September 2011.
  89. ^ Igoni, Daniels (26 September 2022). "Diaspora Ijaw group partners Bayelsa on school projects". Punch Newspapers. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  90. ^ Owei, David; THEWILL (14 December 2022). "Racketeering Rocks Bayelsa Medical University". thewillnigeria.com. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
  91. ^ "FUOTUOKE Resumption Date for Academic Activities 2020/2021". InfoGuideNigeria.com. 20 October 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
  92. ^ Jeremiah, Urowayino (20 April 2022). "Former NICO CEO appointed UAT DVC". Vanguard News. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
  93. ^ "Bayelsa – History & Culture – Bayelsa State Government". Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  94. ^ a b Oguntola, Tunde (27 September 2022). "2023: Next President, Govs Must Get Two-thirds Spread, Says INEC". Retrieved 23 February 2023.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bayelsa State.

4°45′N 6°05′E / 4.750°N 6.083°E / 4.750; 6.083

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bayelsa_State&oldid=1256499527"