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Bagar region

Coordinates: 29°58′N 74°32′E / 29.967°N 74.533°E / 29.967; 74.533
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Historical Region of Rajasthan, India
Bagar/बागड़/باگر
Location Northwestern India

29°58′N 74°32′E / 29.967°N 74.533°E / 29.967; 74.533

Language Bagri
Dynasties Yaudheya
  • Established 5th century BCE
  • Disestablished 3rd-4th century CE

Bhati

  • Established 255 AD
  • Disestablished 1527 AD at Bhatner

Rathore

  • Established – 1488(15th century) in Lower Bagar region
  • Established – 1527 AD in Bhatner
  • Disestablished –1949(20th century)
Historical capitals Bikaner, Shaikhsar, Hanumangarh

Bagar, also Bagad (बागड़) a term meaning the "dry country",[1] is a region refers in north-western India in north Rajasthan, West Haryana, south west Punjab, India where the Bagri language is spoken and which is inhabited by Bagri people. The region is characterised by sandy tracks and shifting sand dunes which are now irrigated by canals.[2]

Etymology

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Bagar means the prairie (grazing shrubs and grassland) of northern Rajputana,[3] which likely comes from eponymous Arabic word "bagar" meaning "cow" (sacred to Hindus),[4] derived from the Arabic word "cattle".[5][6] Baggara in Arabic means "cattle herders".[5][7] Bagar tract refers to the semi-arid semi-fertile rain-fed sandy shrubby grassland tract at the confluence of arid Thar Desert and fertile bangar and khadir areas of Indo-Gangetic Plain, which as historically inhabited by the cattle herders who remained semi-nomadic until they began to adapt to settled life in the mid to late Medieval Period. Before the adoption of the Arabic name bagar, the area was earlier known as Jangladesh during the Vedic era of Mahabharata and even in early medieval times at least until the end of Hindu reign of Prithviraj Chauhan.

Bagar tracts

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Bagar (Hindi: बागड़) region is characterised by Bagar tracts which are long strips of shifting sand dunes called tibba (टिब्बा) and relatively semi-fertile lands and the area between them is called lal (लाळ) in northern districts of Rajasthan and along the northwestern districts of Haryana.[8]

Geography

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The Bagar region has potentially very fertile alluvial soil interspersed with highly permeable very sandy tracts in several places with water table more than 100 feet below ground containing brackish water usually unfit for human consumption, where dust storms frequent during the warm summer months from April till the end of July when monsoon arrives.

Previously, the drinking water availability in the Bagar tract was solely based on the rain & wells and irrigation was possible only in the small areas of Ghaggar basin of Bagar region in districts of Fatehabad, Sirsa, Hanumangarh, Sri Ganganagar and Anupgarh where the seasonal Ghaggar river flows.

Earlier Western Yamuna Canal and after 1963 Bhakra Nangal Dam canal system provides the water for irrigation in most of Haryana including all of the Bagar region falling in Haryana on its western border.

The Ganga canal in 1927 and in 1984 Indira Gandhi Canal irrigation also known as Rajasthan Canal brought the water of Sutlej and Beas rivers to the fields of Rajasthan including its Bagar tract, stabilizing the sand dunes and soil erosion by preventing the expansion of desert.[9][8]

Geographically, the Bagar region lies between the:

Geographical extent of Bagar region.
States Districts
Rajasthan
Punjab
Haryana

Bagri language

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Main article: Bagri language
A Bagri speaker.

Bagri (बागड़ी), a dialect of overlapping Rajasthani language, Haryanvi language and Punjabi language of the Indo-Aryan family, spoken by about five million speakers residing in Bagar region of Rajasthan, Haryana and Punjab states in India.[10][11]

Politics of Bagar Region (Constituencies and MLA)

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There are 40 Constituencies of Haryana, Punjab and Rajasthan legislative assemblies where the Bagri language is spoken by majority of the population.

  • In Punjab, there 4 constituencies of Fazilka and Sri Muktsar Sahib in South Punjab where Bagri speakers decides the fate of elections. Out of 4 constituencies only 1 constituency is reserved for SC candidate.
  • In Haryana, there are 15 constituencies in north west haryana which comes under the Bagar region out of which 2 constituencies are reserved for SC candidates.
  • In Rajasthan, there are 21 constituencies of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly which comes under the Bagar region in North Rajasthan. Meanwhile, 4 constituencies out of 21 constituencies are reserved for SC candidates.

Rajasthan

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Following is the list of the constituencies and the candidates from Bhartiya Janata Party,[14] Congress party[15] and the Independent candidates[16] appeared in 2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election[17] from the Bagri speaking region of Rajasthan.

Bagar Region (बागड़)
Year Seats Indian National Congress Bharatiya Janata Party Others
2023 21 10 Increase 1 9 Steady 0 2
2018 21 9 Increase 8 9 Decrease 7 3
2013 21 1 Decrease 10 16 Increase 8 4
Source:[18][19]
Constituency Winner Runner Up Margin
# Name Candidate Party Votes % Candidate Party Votes %
Sri Ganganagar district
1 Sadulshahar (1) Gurveer Singh Brar BJP 74,433 37.58 Om Bishnoi IND 58,973 29.77 15,460
2 Ganganagar (2) Jaydeep Bihani BJP 81,001 44.66 Karuna Ashok Chandak IND 51,222 28.24 29,779
3 Karanpur (3) Rupinder Singh Kooner INC 94,950 48.55 Surender Pal Singh BJP 83,667 42.78 11,283
4 Suratgarh (4) Dungar Ram Gedar INC 1,16,841 55.87 Rampratap Kasania BJP 66,382 31.74 50,459
Anupgarh district
5 Raisinghnagar (SC- 5) Sohan Lal Nayak INC 79,586 37.08 Balvir Singh Luthra BJP 65,561 30.54 14,025
6 Anupgarh (SC-6) Shimla Devi INC 1,02,746 53.18 Santosh Bawri BJP 64,865 33.58 37,881
Hanumangarh district
7 Sangaria (7) Abhimanyu Poonia INC 98,341 47.40 Gurdeep Singh BJP 56,331 27.15 42,010
8 Hanumangarh (8) Ganesh Raj Bansal IND 89,323 37.03 Amit Sahu BJP 79,625 33.01 9,698
9 Pilibanga (SC-9) Vinod Kumar INC 1,43,091 57.84 Dharmendra Kumar BJP 87,818 35.50 55,273
10 Nohar (10) Amit Chachan INC 1,03,623 43.22 Abhishek Matoria BJP 1,02,728 42.85 895
11 Bhadra (11) Sanjeev Kumar Beniwal BJP 1,02,748 44.68 Balwan Poonia CPI(M) 1,01,616 44.19 1,132
Bikaner district
12 Khajuwala (SC-12) Vishwanath Meghwal BJP 91,276 51.47 Govind Ram Meghwal INC 73,902 41.67 17,374
13 Bikaner West (13) Jethanand Vyas BJP 98,648 54.51 Bulaki Das Kalla INC 78,454 43.35 20,194
14 Bikaner East (14) Siddhi Kumari BJP 89,917 53.07 Yashpal Gehlot INC 70,614 41.68 19,303
15 Lunkaransar (16) Sumit Godara BJP 60452 29.98 Rajendra Moond INC 51583 25.58 8869
16 Dungargarh(17) Tarachand Saraswat BJP 65,690 32.55 Manglaram Godara INC 57,565 28.52 8,125
Churu district
17 Sadulpur (19) Manoj kumar BSP 64,368 32.92 Krishna Poonia INC 61,794 31.60 2,574
18 Taranagar (20) Narendra Budania INC 1,08,236 49.52 Rajendra Rathore BJP 97,891 44.78 10,345
19 Sardarshahar(21) Anil Kumar Sharma INC 99,582 42.27 Rajakaran Choudhary IND 77,250 32.79 22,332
20 Churu (22) Harlal Saharan BJP 99,432 50.05 Rafique Mandelia INC 92,558 46.59 6,874
21 Ratangarh (23) Poosaram Godara INC 1,09,383 53.69 Abhinesh Maharshi BJP 79,720 39.13 29,663

Haryana

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Following is the list of constituencies and Members of Legislative Assembly from the Bagri speaking region of North Western Haryana.

District No. Constituency Name Party Alliance Remarks Reservation
Fatehabad 1 Tohana -(39) Paramvir Singh Indian National Congress INDIA
2 Fatehabad – (40) Dura Ram Bharatiya Janata Party NDA
3 Ratia – (41) Lakshman Napa Bharatiya Janata Party NDA SC
Sirsa 4 Kalanwali – (42) Shishpal Singh Indian National Congress INDIA SC
5 Dabwali – (43) Aditya Devilal Indian National Lok Dal None
6 Rania – (44) Arjun Chautala INLD None
7 Sirsa – (45) Gokul Setia Indian National Congress INDIA
8 Ellenabad – (46) Bharat Singh Beniwal Indian National Congress INDIA
Hisar 9 Adampur (46) Chander Parkash Indian National Congress INDIA
10 Uklana (48) Naresh Selwal Indian National Congress INDIA
11 Barwala (51) Ranbir Singh Gangwa Bhartiya Janata Party NDA
12 Hisar – (52) Savitri Jindal Independent NDA
Bhiwani 13 Loharu (54) Jai Parkash Dalal Bharatiya Janata Party NDA Cabinet Minister For Agriculture
14 Tosham (58) Shruti Choudhry Bhartiya Janata Party NDA
Charkhi Dadri 15 Badhra (55) Umed Singh Bharatiya Janata Party NDA

Punjab

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Following is the list of constituencies and MLA in the Punjab Legislative Assembly from Fazilka district and southern part of Sri Muktsar Sahib district with the significant presence of Bagri Speakers in South Punjab, India.

District No. Constituency Name Party Bench
Fazilka 1 Fazilka – (80) Narinderpal Singh Sawna Aam Aadmi Party Government
2 Abohar – (81) Sandeep Jakhar Indian National Congress Opposition
3 Balluana – (82) (SC) Amandeep Singh ‘Goldy’ Musafir Aam Aadmi Party Government
Sri Muktsar Sahib 4 Lambi – (83) Gurmeet Singh Khudian Aam Aadmi Party Government
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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Nonica Datta, "Forming an identity", The Tribune, 3 July 1999.
  2. ^ "Revised Land and Revenue Settlement of Hisar District 9006-9011" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
  3. ^ Elaine King,1998, Tales & legends of India, Page 61.
  4. ^ 2002, Abubakar Garba, "State, city and society: processes of urbanisation", University of Maiduguri – Centre for Trans Saharan Studies, Archaeological Association of Nigeria, Page 82.
  5. ^ a b Deepak Kumar Behera, Georg Pfeffer, 2002, The concept of tribal society, Page 284.
  6. ^ Mohamet Lawan, 1997, No travel is little, Page 66.
  7. ^ Jemera Rone, Brian Owsley, Human Rights Watch/Africa, 1996, Behind the Red Line: Political Repression in Sudan, Page 274.
  8. ^ a b c d India. Superintendent of Census Operations, Punjab; Anand, R. L. (1965). District census handbook, Punjab. University of California Libraries. [Chandigarh] : Govt. of Punjab.
  9. ^ E. Walter Coward, 1980, "Irrigation and Agricultural Development in Asia: Perspectives from the social sciences", Cornell University press, page 302, ISBN 0801498716.
  10. ^ a b c d Gusain, Lakhan: Reflexives in Bagri. Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 1994
  11. ^ a b c Gusain, Lakhan: Limitations of Literacy in Bagri. Nicholas Ostler & Blair Rudes (eds.). Endangered Languages and Literacy. Proceedings of the Fourth FEL Conference. University of North Carolina, Charlotte, 21–24 September 2000
  12. ^ Census India 2001
  13. ^ a b c "The map shows study area and the Eco-cultural regions of Haryana (Modified after Singh, 1994; Khan and Dahiya, 2021) [, 10]". www.researchgate.net. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
  14. ^ "Election Commission of India".
  15. ^ "Election Commission of India".
  16. ^ "Election Commission of India".
  17. ^ "Election".
  18. ^ India Today (4 December 2023). "Rajasthan Election Results 2023: Full list of winners". Archived from the original on 12 December 2023. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
  19. ^ India TV (3 December 2023). "Rajasthan Election Result 2023: Constituency-wise full list of BJP, Congress, BSP and RLP winners". Archived from the original on 12 December 2023. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
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