2025 United States state legislative elections

2025 United States state legislative elections
2 legislative chambers; 2 states
	Map of upper house elections:; Special elections to be held; No regularly-scheduled elections
	Map of lower house elections:; Democratic-controlled chamber up; Special elections to be held; No regularly-scheduled elections

The 2025 United States state legislative elections will be held on November 4, 2025, for 2 state legislative chambers in 2 states. Across the fifty states, 3 percent of all lower house seats will be up for election, with no upper house having regularly-scheduled elections. The elections take place concurrently with several other state and local elections, including the gubernatorial elections.

Summary table

Regularly-scheduled elections are to be held in 2 of the 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. Nationwide, regularly-scheduled elections are to be held for 180 of the 7,383 legislative seats. This table only covers regularly-scheduled elections; additional special elections will take place concurrently with these regularly-scheduled elections.

State	Upper House				Lower House
State	Seats up	Total	% up	Term	Seats up	Total	% up	Term
New Jersey	0	40	0	2/4^[c]	80	80	100	4
Virginia	0	40	0	4	100	100	100	2

State summaries

New Jersey

All of the seats of the New Jersey General Assembly are up for election in 2025. The New Jersey General Assembly has been controlled by the Democratic Party since 2002.

New Jersey General Assembly
Party		Leader	Before	After
	Democratic	Craig Coughlin	52
	Republican	John DiMaio	28
Total			80	80

Virginia

All of the seats of the Virginia House of Delegates are up for election in 2025. The Virginia House of Delegates has been controlled by the Democratic Party since 2024.

Virginia House of Delegates
Party		Leader	Before	After
	Democratic	Don Scott	51
	Republican	Todd Gilbert	49
Total			100	100

Special elections

There are currently fourteen state legislative special elections scheduled for 2025.^[1]

Alabama

District		Incumbent			This race
Chamber	No.	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Senate	5	Greg Reed	Republican	2010	Incumbent resigning to join Governor Kay Ivey's administration. Resignation effective January 1, 2025. New member to be elected TBD.^[2]	TBD

California

District		Incumbent			This race
Chamber	No.	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Senate	36	Janet Nguyen	Republican	2022	Incumbent resigning TBD to join the Orange County Board of Supervisors. New member to be elected TBD.	TBD
Assembly	32	Vince Fong	Republican	2016	Incumbent resigned May 24, 2024, to become a U.S. representative.^[d] New member to be elected TBD.	TBD

Delaware

District		Incumbent			This race
Chamber	No.	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Senate	1	Sarah McBride	Democratic	2020	Incumbent resigning TBD to become a U.S. Representative.^[4] New member to be elected TBD.	TBD
Senate	5	Kyle Evans Gay	Democratic	2020	Incumbent resigning TBD to become Lieutenant Governor of Delaware.^[4] New member to be elected TBD.	TBD

Louisiana

District		Incumbent			This race
Chamber	No.	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Senate	14	Cleo Fields	Democratic	2019	Incumbent resigning TBD to become a U.S. representative. New member to be elected TBD.	TBD
Senate	23	Jean-Paul Coussan	Republican	2023	Incumbent resigning TBD to become a Louisiana Public Service Commissioner.^[5] New member to be elected TBD.	TBD

Michigan

District		Incumbent			This race
Chamber	No.	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Senate	35	Kristen McDonald Rivet	Democratic	2022	Incumbent resigning TBD to become a U.S. representative. New member to be elected TBD.	TBD

New Jersey

District		Incumbent			This race
Chamber	No.	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Senate	35	Nellie Pou	Democratic	2011	Incumbent resigning TBD to become a U.S. representative. New member to be elected November 4, 2025.	TBD

Oklahoma

District		Incumbent			This race
Chamber	No.	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Senate	8	Roger Thompson	Republican	2014	Incumbent resigned November 1, 2024.^[6] New member to be elected May 13, 2025.	TBD

South Carolina

District		Incumbent			This race
Chamber	No.	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
House	113	Marvin R. Pendarvis	Democratic	2017 (special)	Incumbent resigned September 16, 2024, after being sued by a former legal client and having his law license suspended.^[7] New member to be elected March 25, 2025.	TBD

Virginia

District		Incumbent			This race
Chamber	No.	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Senate	32	Suhas Subramanyam	Democratic	2023	Incumbent resigned November 11, 2024 to become a U.S. representative.^[8] New member to be elected January 7, 2025.	▌Tumay Harding (Republican)^[9] ▌Kannan Srinivasan (Democratic)^[9]
House	26	Kannan Srinivasan	Democratic	2023	Incumbent resigning January 7, 2025 to run for State Senate.^[10] New member to be elected January 7, 2025.	▌Arben Istrefi (Democratic)^[11] ▌Lakesha Gorham-McDurfee (Democratic)^[11] ▌Sam Nandi (Democratic)^[11] ▌Ibraheem Samirah (Democratic)^[11] ▌JJ Singh (Democratic)^[11] ▌Ram Venkatachalam (Republican)^[12]
Senate	10	John McGuire	Republican	2023	Incumbent resigning TBD to become a U.S. representative. New member to be elected TBD.	▌Duane Adams (Republican)^[13] ▌Amanda Chase (Republican)^[13] ▌Jean Gannon (Republican)^[13] ▌Shayne Snavely (Republican)^[13]

Notes

^ The Alaska House of Representatives prior to the 2024 elections is controlled by a coalition of 20 Republicans, 2 Democrats, and 1 Independent.
^ The Alaska Senate prior to the 2024 elections is controlled by a grand coalition of 9 Democrats and 8 Republicans.
^ The upper houses of Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Minnesota, New Jersey, and Texas use a 2-4-4 term length system.
^ In the 2024 election, Fong filed to run for re-election to his Assembly seat and also filed to run for U.S. House. He resigned his Assembly seat on May 24 after winning a special election for the U.S. House seat three days earlier. Fong attempted to withdraw from the State Assembly race, but per California law, his name could not be removed from the ballot. Despite unofficially dropping out of the race, Fong was reelected to his State Assembly seat in the November 2024 general election, necessitating a special election.^[3]

References

^ "State legislative special elections, 2025". Ballotpedia. Retrieved September 23, 2024.
^ Stephenson, Jemma (November 19, 2024). "Senate President Pro Tempore Greg Reed to take job with Gov. Kay Ivey • Alabama Reflector". Alabama Reflector. Retrieved November 20, 2024.
^ Gligich, Daniel (November 6, 2024). "Fong won two elections on Tuesday. Who might take over his old Assembly seat?". San Joaquin Valley Sun. Retrieved November 10, 2024.
^ ^a ^b Montes, Olivia (November 15, 2024). "State Sens. Sarah McBride and Kyle Evans Gay have new jobs. What happens to their seats?". Delaware Online. Retrieved November 16, 2024.
^ Parker, Halle (November 6, 2024). "Jean-Paul Coussan wins Louisiana Public Service Commission District 2 race". WWNO. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
^ Murphy, Emma (June 14, 2024). "Senator Thompson resigns, triggers special election". Oklahoma Voice. Retrieved September 24, 2024.
^ Kenmore, Abraham (September 19, 2024). "State Rep. Marvin Pendarvis resigns amid accusations from a former client". South Carolina Daily Gazette. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
^ "Special election scheduled for Jan. 7, 2025, to fill vacant Virginia Senate seat". WUSA. November 12, 2024. Retrieved November 19, 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Tumay Harding, Kannan Srinivasan to face off in VA Senate District 32 special election". WJLA. November 16, 2024. Retrieved November 19, 2024.
^ Pampaloni, Hanna (November 18, 2024). "Srinivasan Resigns, Parties Prepare for Second Special Election". LoudounNow. Retrieved November 19, 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Jarvis, Brandon (November 20, 2024). "Controversy over residency in HD-26 Democratic primary". Virginia Scope. Retrieved November 21, 2024.
^ "Republicans Nominate Venkatachalam for House Seat, Democrats Prepare for Another Primary". LoudounNow.com. November 19, 2024. Retrieved November 19, 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Bryson, Anna (September 6, 2024). "GOP candidates line up, expecting special election in 10th Senate District". Richmond Times-Dispatch. Retrieved November 6, 2024.

[AKhouse-1] The Alaska House of Representatives prior to the 2024 elections is controlled by a coalition of 20 Republicans, 2 Democrats, and 1 Independent.

[AKsenate-2] The Alaska Senate prior to the 2024 elections is controlled by a grand coalition of 9 Democrats and 8 Republicans.

[variabletermlength-3] The upper houses of Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Minnesota, New Jersey, and Texas use a 2-4-4 term length system.

[7] In the 2024 election, Fong filed to run for re-election to his Assembly seat and also filed to run for U.S. House. He resigned his Assembly seat on May 24 after winning a special election for the U.S. House seat three days earlier. Fong attempted to withdraw from the State Assembly race, but per California law, his name could not be removed from the ballot. Despite unofficially dropping out of the race, Fong was reelected to his State Assembly seat in the November 2024 general election, necessitating a special election.^[3]

[4] "State legislative special elections, 2025". Ballotpedia. Retrieved September 23, 2024.

[5] Stephenson, Jemma (November 19, 2024). "Senate President Pro Tempore Greg Reed to take job with Gov. Kay Ivey • Alabama Reflector". Alabama Reflector. Retrieved November 20, 2024.

[6] Gligich, Daniel (November 6, 2024). "Fong won two elections on Tuesday. Who might take over his old Assembly seat?". San Joaquin Valley Sun. Retrieved November 10, 2024.

[DE-8] Montes, Olivia (November 15, 2024). "State Sens. Sarah McBride and Kyle Evans Gay have new jobs. What happens to their seats?". Delaware Online. Retrieved November 16, 2024.

[9] Parker, Halle (November 6, 2024). "Jean-Paul Coussan wins Louisiana Public Service Commission District 2 race". WWNO. Retrieved November 18, 2024.

[10] Murphy, Emma (June 14, 2024). "Senator Thompson resigns, triggers special election". Oklahoma Voice. Retrieved September 24, 2024.

[11] Kenmore, Abraham (September 19, 2024). "State Rep. Marvin Pendarvis resigns amid accusations from a former client". South Carolina Daily Gazette. Retrieved November 18, 2024.

[12] "Special election scheduled for Jan. 7, 2025, to fill vacant Virginia Senate seat". WUSA. November 12, 2024. Retrieved November 19, 2024.

[SD32-13] "Tumay Harding, Kannan Srinivasan to face off in VA Senate District 32 special election". WJLA. November 16, 2024. Retrieved November 19, 2024.

[Loudoun-14] Pampaloni, Hanna (November 18, 2024). "Srinivasan Resigns, Parties Prepare for Second Special Election". LoudounNow. Retrieved November 19, 2024.

[e801-15] Jarvis, Brandon (November 20, 2024). "Controversy over residency in HD-26 Democratic primary". Virginia Scope. Retrieved November 21, 2024.

[h288-16] "Republicans Nominate Venkatachalam for House Seat, Democrats Prepare for Another Primary". LoudounNow.com. November 19, 2024. Retrieved November 19, 2024.

[Line_Up-17] Bryson, Anna (September 6, 2024). "GOP candidates line up, expecting special election in 10th Senate District". Richmond Times-Dispatch. Retrieved November 6, 2024.

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