1860 Swiss federal election
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Federal elections were held in Switzerland on 28 October 1860. Despite large losses, the Radical Left remained the largest group in the National Council, winning 64 of the 120 seats.[1]
Electoral system
[edit]The 120 members of the National Council were elected in 49 single- and multi-member constituencies; there was one seat for every 20,000 citizens, with seats allocated to cantons in proportion to their population.[2] The elections were held using a three-round system; candidates had to receive a majority in the first or second round to be elected; if it went to a third round, only a plurality was required. Voters could cast as many votes as there were seats in their constituency.[2] In six cantons (Appenzell Innerrhoden, Appenzell Ausserrhoden, Glarus, Nidwalden, Obwalden and Uri), National Council members were elected by the Landsgemeinde.
Results
[edit]National Council
[edit]Voter turnout was highest in the Canton of Schaffhausen (where voting was compulsory) at 86.4% and lowest in the Canton of Zürich at 8.9%.
| Party | First round | Second round | Third round | Total seats | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | |||
| Radical Left | 360,259 | 51.46 | 53 | 41,939 | 50.34 | 5 | 12,498 | 50.29 | 2 | 60 | |
| Liberal Centre | 161,709 | 23.10 | 33 | 25,141 | 30.17 | 4 | 9,087 | 36.56 | 1 | 38 | |
| Catholic Right | 110,828 | 15.83 | 16 | 5,975 | 7.17 | 0 | 16 | ||||
| Evangelical Right | 36,448 | 5.21 | 2 | 9,884 | 11.86 | 1 | 3,267 | 13.15 | 0 | 3 | |
| Democratic Left | 21,619 | 3.09 | 1 | 380 | 0.46 | 0 | 1 | ||||
| Radical Left dissidents | 9,213 | 1.32 | 2 | 2 | |||||||
| Total | 700,076 | 100.00 | 107 | 83,319 | 100.00 | 10 | 24,852 | 100.00 | 3 | 120 | |
| Total votes | 265,730 | – | 76,097 | – | 26,616 | – | |||||
| Registered voters/turnout | 541,670 | 49.06 | |||||||||
| Source: BFS | |||||||||||
By constituency
[edit]| Constituency | Seats | Party | Seats won |
Elected members | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zürich 1 | 4 | Liberal Centre | 3 |
| |
| Evangelical Right | 1 | Paul Carl Eduard Ziegler | |||
| Zürich 2 | 3 | Liberal Centre | 3 |
| |
| Zürich 3 | 3 | Liberal Centre | 3 |
| |
| Zürich 4 | 3 | Liberal Centre | 3 |
| |
| Bern 5 | 4 | Radical Left | 4 |
| |
| Bern 6 | 4 | Evangelical Right | 2 |
| |
| Radical Left | 2 |
| |||
| Bern 7 | 4 | Radical Left | 4 |
| |
| Bern 8 | 4 | Radical Left | 4 |
| |
| Bern 9 | 3 | Radical Left | 3 |
| |
| Bern 10 | 4 | Radical Left | 4 |
| |
| Lucerne 11 | 2 | Liberal Centre | 1 | Josef Martin Knüsel | |
| Radical Left | 1 | Josef Bucher | |||
| Lucerne 12 | 2 | Catholic Right | 2 |
| |
| Lucerne 13 | 3 | Radical Left | 3 |
| |
| Uri 14 | 1 | Catholic Right | 1 | Alexander Muheim | |
| Schwyz 15 | 2 | Catholic Right | 2 |
| |
| Obwalden 16 | 1 | Catholic Right | 1 | Franz Wirz | |
| Nidwalden 17 | 1 | Radical Left | 1 | Alois Wyrsch | |
| Glarus 18 | 2 | Liberal Centre | 2 |
| |
| Zug 19 | 1 | Liberal Centre | 1 | Wolfgang Henggeler | |
| Fribourg 20 | 3 | Catholic Right | 2 |
| |
| Liberal Centre | 1 | Johann Anton Engelhard | |||
| Fribourg 21 | 2 | Catholic Right | 2 |
| |
| Solothurn 22 | 3 | Radical Left | 2 |
| |
| Catholic Right | 1 | Franz Bünzli | |||
| Basel-Stadt 23 | 1 | Liberal Centre | 1 | Johann Jakob Stehlin | |
| Basel-Landschaft 24 | 2 | Radical Left | 2 |
| |
| Schaffhausen 25 | 2 | Radical Left | 1 | Friedrich Peyer im Hof | |
| Liberal Centre | 1 | Johann Heinrich Ammann | |||
| Appenzell Ausserrhoden 26 | 2 | Liberal Centre | 2 |
| |
| Appenzell Innerhoden 27 | 1 | Catholic Right | 1 | Johann Baptist Dähler | |
| St. Gallen 28 | 2 | Liberal Centre | 2 |
| |
| St. Gallen 29 | 2 | Liberal Centre | 2 |
| |
| St. Gallen 30 | 2 | Radical Left | 1 | Johann Rudolf Raschle | |
| Democratic Left | 1 | Basil Ferdinand Curti | |||
| St. Gallen 31 | 2 | Radical Left | 2 |
| |
| Grisons 32 | 1 | Radical Left | 1 | Johann Bartholome Caflisch | |
| Grisons 33 | 1 | Liberal Centre | 1 | Andreas Rudolf von Planta | |
| Grisons 34 | 1 | Radical Left | 1 | Johann Gaudenz von Salis | |
| Grisons 35 | 1 | Radical Left | 1 | Caspar de Latour | |
| Aargau 36 | 3 | Liberal Centre | 3 |
| |
| Aargau 37 | 4 | Liberal Centre | 2 |
| |
| Radical Left | 2 |
| |||
| Aargau 38 | 3 | Radical Left | 2 |
| |
| Catholic Right | 1 | Wilhelm Karl Baldinger | |||
| Thurgau 39 | 4 | Radical Left | 3 |
| |
| Liberal Centre | 1 | Johann Messmer | |||
| Ticino 40 | 3 | Radical Left | 3 |
| |
| Ticino 41 | 3 | Radical Left | 2 |
| |
| Catholic Right | 1 | Michele Pedrazzini | |||
| Vaud 42 | 4 | Radical Left | 2 |
| |
| Liberal Centre | 2 |
| |||
| Vaud 43 | 3 | Radical Left | 2 |
| |
| Liberal Centre | 1 | Jean-Louis Demiéville | |||
| Vaud 44 | 3 | Radical Left | 2 |
| |
| Liberal Centre | 1 | Charles Bontems | |||
| Valais 45 | 1 | Catholic Right | 1 | Alexis Allet | |
| Valais 46 | 1 | Catholic Right | 1 | Adrien de Courten | |
| Valais 47 | 2 | Radical Left | 2 |
| |
| Neuchâtel 48 | 4 | Radical Left | 2 |
| |
| Dissident Radical Left | 2 |
| |||
| Geneva 49 | 3 | Radical Left | 2 |
| |
| Liberal Centre | 1 | Philippe Camperio | |||
| Source: Gruner[3] | |||||
Council of States
[edit]| Party | Seats | +/– | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic Right | 13 | –1 | |
| Liberal Centre | 13 | +2 | |
| Radical Left | 13 | 0 | |
| Evangelical Right | 1 | +1 | |
| Democratic Left | 0 | 0 | |
| Independents | 4 | +2 | |
| Total | 44 | 0 | |
| Source: The Federal Assembly | |||
References
[edit]- ^ Elections to the National Council 1848–1917: Distribution of seats by party or political orientation Archived 2015-09-23 at the Wayback Machine BFS
- ^ a b Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1886 ISBN 9783832956097
- ^ Gruner, Erich. Die Wahlen in den Schweizerischen Nationalrat 1848–1919. Vol. 3.
