1813 in the United Kingdom
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| 1813 in the United Kingdom |
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| 1813 English cricket season |
Events from the year 1813 in the United Kingdom.
Incumbents
[edit]- Monarch – George III
- Regent – George, Prince Regent
- Prime Minister – Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (Tory)
- Foreign Secretary – Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh
- Home Secretary – Lord Sidmouth
- Secretary of War – Lord Bathurst
Events
[edit]- 16 January – 14 Luddites hanged at York.
- 24 January – The Philharmonic Society of London is formed, holding its first concert on 8 March.
- 1 June – War of 1812: Capture of USS Chesapeake in Boston Harbor by British Royal Navy frigate HMS Shannon (1806).[1]
- 6 June – War of 1812: Battle of Stoney Creek – a British force of 700 under John Vincent defeat an American force three times its size under William Winder and John Chandler.
- 21 June – Peninsular War: Battle of Vitoria – a British, Spanish, and Portuguese force of 78,000 with 96 guns under Wellington defeats a French force of 58,000 with 153 guns under Joseph Bonaparte to end the Peninsular War.
- 1 July – Indian trade monopoly of the British East India Company abolished.[1]
- 5 July – War of 1812: three weeks of British raids on Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and Plattsburgh, New York begin.
- 21 July – Doctrine of the Trinity Act provides toleration for Unitarian worship.
- September – Robert Southey becomes Poet Laureate.
- 10 September – War of 1812: Oliver Hazard Perry defeats a British fleet in the Battle of Lake Erie.[2]
- 5 October – War of 1812: William Henry Harrison defeats the British at the Battle of the Thames in Upper Canada; native leader Tecumseh is killed in battle.
- 7 October – Peninsular War: British troops enter France.[1]
- 13 October – Cape of Good Hope becomes a British colony.[1]
- 21 October – Nelson Monument, Liverpool unveiled.
- 12 December – Charlotte, Princess of Wales agrees to marry William, Prince of Orange. A dynastic match intended to strengthen ties with the Netherlands which had recently risen up against French rule
- 25 December – William Debenham joins Thomas Clark in a partnership to manage a draper's store in London, origin of the Debenhams business which will run department stores until 2020.
- 27 December–3 January 1814 – A thick fog blankets London causing the Prince Regent to turn back from a trip to Hatfield House and a mail coach to take 7 hours to reach Uxbridge on its way to Birmingham.[3]
- 29 December – War of 1812: British soldiers burn Buffalo, New York.
- 31 December
- The foreign secretary, Lord Castlereagh, is sent to Germany with full powers to give assistance to the allies.
- Westminster Bridge in London is illuminated by gas lighting provided by the Gas Light and Coke Company from the world's first public gasworks nearby.[4]
Ongoing
[edit]- Napoleonic Wars, 1803–1815
- Peninsular War, 1808–1814
Undated
[edit]- Last striking of guinea coins, to pay Wellington's army in the Pyrenees.
- The early steam locomotive Puffing Billy introduced at Wylam colliery, County Durham.[1]
- Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne established.
- Charles Waterton begins the process of turning his estate at Walton Hall, West Yorkshire, into what is, in effect, the world's first nature reserve.[5]
Publications
[edit]- 28 January – Jane Austen's novel Pride and Prejudice.[6]
- Percy Bysshe Shelley's poem Queen Mab.
- Robert Owen's A New View of Society: Essays on the Formation of Human Character.
- Sarah Elizabeth Utterson's anthology Tales of the Dead.
Births
[edit]- 4 January – Isaac Pitman, inventor of Pitman Shorthand (died 1897)
- 19 January – Henry Bessemer, metallurgist (died 1898)
- 15 March – John Snow, physician, pioneer epidemiologist (died 1858)
- 19 March – David Livingstone, Scottish missionary explorer (died 1873)
- 17 April – Mary Peters, née Bowley, hymn writer (died 1856)
- 21 May – Robert Murray M'Cheyne, Scottish clergyman (died 1843)
- 21 June – William Edmondstoune Aytoun, Scottish poet and academic (died 1865)
- 17 September – John Jabez Edwin Mayall, photographer (died 1901)
- 19 December – Thomas Andrews, chemist (died 1885)
- 29 December – Alexander Parkes, chemist (died 1890)
- Frederick Scott Archer, sculptor and pioneer photographer (died 1857)
Deaths
[edit]- 17 June – Charles Middleton, 1st Baron Barham, sailor and politician (born 1726)
- 6 July – Granville Sharp, abolitionist (born 1735)
- 11 August
- John Price, Welsh librarian (born 1735)
- Henry James Pye, poetaster, Poet Laureate (born 1745)
- 23 August – Alexander Wilson, Scottish-born ornithologist (born 1766)
- 4 September – James Wyatt, architect (born 1746)
- 10 November – Francis Fane of Spettisbury, MP (born 1752)
- 17? November – William Franklin, last colonial governor of New Jersey (born 1730 in British North America)
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 246–247. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ The Hutchinson Factfinder. Helicon. 1999. p. 483. ISBN 1-85986-000-1.
- ^ Weinreb, Ben; Hibbert, Christopher (1995). The London Encyclopaedia. Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-57688-8.
- ^ "Gas Light and Coke Co". Grace's Guide. 16 May 2014. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
- ^ Blackburn, Julia (1989). Charles Waterton, 1782–1865: traveller and conservationist. London: The Bodley Head. pp. 52–9. ISBN 0-370-31248-1.
- ^ "Icons, a portrait of England 1800–1820". Archived from the original on 17 October 2007. Retrieved 11 September 2007.