1510s in England
Events from the 1510s in England.
Incumbents
[edit]- Monarch – Henry VIII
- Regent – Catherine, Queen Consort (starting 30 June, until 22 October 1513)[1]
Events
[edit]- 1510
- c. January – Erasmus begins his period of residence in Cambridge.[2]
- 21 January – Parliament grants Henry VIII generous tax subsidies.[3]
- 31 January – Catherine of Aragon miscarries her first child, a daughter, at about six months gestation; told she is still carrying a twin, she prepares for a birth in March–April but there is no child.[4]
- 17 August – Richard Empson and Edmund Dudley executed for "constructive treason".[3]
- 1511
- 1 January – Catherine of Aragon gives birth to Henry VIII's eldest son, Henry, Duke of Cornwall, at Richmond Palace but he dies on 22 February.
- 9 April – St John's College, Cambridge, receives its charter.
- July – Henry VIII's flagship the Mary Rose launched at Portsmouth.
- 13 November – War of the League of Cambrai: Henry joins the Holy League against France.[5]
- 17 November – the Treaty of Westminster signed between England and Spain forming an alliance against France.[5]
- Archery Act 1511 (3 Hen. 8. c. 3) attempts to ensure competence in use of the English longbow by most adult males.
- Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, begins reconstruction of Thornbury Castle in South Gloucestershire as a residence.
- Major fire at Sherston, Wiltshire.
- 1512
- February – following Strode's case – that of Member of Parliament Richard Strode imprisoned by a stannary court due to his attempts to introduce a bill alleviating the harsh conditions of tin miners – Parliament passes an act granting MPs immunity from such prosecutions.[6]
- March – Parliament authorises a new poll tax to pay for the War of the League of Cambrai.[3]
- 10 August – War of the League of Cambrai: the English fleet, commanded by Admiral Sir Edward Howard, secures victory at the Battle of Saint-Mathieu over the French-Breton fleet, though with loss of its flagship, the Regent, through explosion.
- Woolwich Dockyard established for the Royal Navy.
- Boys aged from 7 upwards are required to be instructed in archery.[7]
- Wolverhampton Grammar School is founded by Sir Stephen Jenyns.
- 1513
- 5 April – Treaty of Mechlin signed by Henry, Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Pope Leo X against France.[5]
- 30 April – execution of Edmund de la Pole, 3rd Duke of Suffolk.
- 11 June – Henry appoints Catherine of Aragon as Regent, Governor and Captain General in England while he campaigns in France.[8]
- July – War of the League of Cambrai: Scotland declares war on England,[5] in breach of the Treaty of Perpetual Peace.
- 16 August – War of the League of Cambrai: Henry VIII leads his troops to victory over French cavalry at the Battle of the Spurs (Second Battle of Guinegate) in Artois.[5]
- 9 September – War of the League of Cambrai: at the Battle of Flodden, King James IV of Scotland is defeated and killed by an English army under Thomas Howard, Earl of Surrey.[5] Catherine of Aragon learns of this victory while near Buckingham, having ridden north from London to address a speech of encouragement to troops gathering to march to Scotland.
- c. 17 September – Catherine of Aragon delivers a son who either miscarries, is stillborn or lives only a few hours.[9]
- 24 September – War of the League of Cambrai: the city of Tournai surrenders to England.[5]
- Deptford Dockyard established for the Royal Navy.
- 1514
- April – Henry VIII declares a truce with France in the War of the League of Cambrai.[5]
- 20 May – Trinity House is established as a guild of mariners at Deptford to regulate pilotage.[5]
- June – Battle of Hornshole in the Scottish Borders: young men from Hawick defeat a raiding party from England.[10]
- 13 June – Henry Grace à Dieu, at over 1,000 tons the largest warship in the world at this time, built at the new Woolwich Dockyard, is dedicated at Erith.[3][11][12]
- 7 August – Henry VIII concludes an independent peace treaty with France in the War of the League of Cambrai, negotiated by Thomas Wolsey.
- 15 September – Thomas Wolsey is appointed Archbishop of York[5] and begins to build York House in London.[3]
- 9 October – marriage of Louis XII of France and Mary Tudor (sister of Henry VIII) as part of the peace with France.[5]
- November/December – Catherine of Aragon delivers a stillborn son of Henry VIII.[13]
- 1515
- 2 July – Manchester Grammar School endowed by Hugh Oldham, the first free grammar school in England.
- 10 September – Thomas Wolsey is invested as a Cardinal (Catholic Church).[5]
- 24 December – Wolsey is named the Lord Chancellor.[5]
- Wolsey commissions the rebuilding of Hampton Court Palace.[5]
- Structural completion of King's College Chapel, Cambridge.[14]
- 1516
- Gillingham School founded in Dorset.
- c. December – Thomas More's Utopia is first published (in Latin at Leuven).[3]
- 1517
- 1 March – Corpus Christi College, Oxford, established by Richard Foxe.[5]
- 1 May – Evil May Day riots in London against foreigners.[5]
- A third epidemic of sweating sickness hits Oxford and Cambridge.
- 1516
- 18 February – Catherine of Aragon gives birth to the King's daughter, who will become queen regnant Mary I of England, at the Palace of Placentia, Greenwich.[15]
- August – construction of the Manchester Grammar School is completed.
- 23 September – Royal College of Physicians founded in London.[5]
- 3 October – Cardinal Wolsey's Treaty of London is signed by France, England, the Holy Roman Empire, the Papacy, Spain, Burgundy and the Netherlands allying the European powers against the Ottoman Empire.[5]
- 1519
- May – Henry VIII stands as a candidate in the election of the Holy Roman Emperor.[5]
- 15 May – official opening of Saint George's Chapel at Windsor Castle.[3]
- Henry VII's Chapel at Westminster Abbey completed.[3]
Births
[edit]- 1510
- 6 October
- John Caius, physician (died 1573)
- Rowland Taylor, Protestant martyr (died 1555)
- 28 December – Nicholas Bacon, Lord Keeper (died 1579)
- 6 October
- 1511
- 1 January – Henry, Duke of Cornwall, eldest son of Henry VIII of England (died 22 February)
- 1512
- August ? – Catherine Parr, queen consort (died 1548)
- Edward Clinton, 1st Earl of Lincoln, admiral (died 1585)
- 1513
- 23 December – Thomas Smith, scholar and diplomat (died 1577)
- Elizabeth Seymour, sister-in-law of Henry VIII (died 1563)
- Thomas Watson, Catholic bishop (died 1584)
- 1514
- 16 June – John Cheke, classical scholar and statesman (died 1557)
- 1515
- 15 June – Anne Herbert, Countess of Pembroke, born Anne Parr (died 1552)
- 22 September – Anne of Cleves, German-born fourth queen of Henry VIII (died 1557)
- 8 October – Margaret Douglas, member of the royal family, diplomat (died 1578)
- approx. date
- Roger Ascham, scholar and didactic writer (died 1568)
- William Baldwin, writer, editor and theatrical director (died c.1563)
- Leonard Digges, mathematician and surveyor (died c.1559)
- Thomas Seckford, lawyer and royal court official (died 1587)
- 1516
- 18 February – Queen Mary I of England (died 1558)[15]
- approx. date – Laurence Nowell, antiquarian (died 1571)
- 1517
- 17 January – Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk, politician and courtier (executed 1554)
- 16 July – Frances Grey, Duchess of Suffolk, granddaughter of Henry VII (died 1559)
- approx. date – Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, aristocrat and poet (executed 1547)
- 1518
- approx. date – Edmund Plowden, legal scholar (died 1585)
- 1519
- c. 15 June – Henry FitzRoy, Duke of Richmond and Somerset, illegitimate son of Henry VIII (died 1536)
- approx. date
- Thomas Gresham, merchant and financier (died 1579)
- Nicholas Grimald, poet (died 1562)
- Edwin Sandys, bishop (died 1588)
Deaths
[edit]- 1510
- 17 August
- Edmund Dudley, statesman, executed (born c. 1462 or 1471/2)
- Richard Empson, statesman, executed (year of birth unknown)
- 17 August
- 1511
- 11 February – Henry, Duke of Cornwall, eldest son of Henry VIII of England (born 1 January)
- 1513
- 10 March – John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford, general (born 1443)
- 30 April – Edmund de la Pole, 3rd Duke of Suffolk, executed (born c. 1471)
- 27 October – George Manners, 11th Baron Ros, nobleman (year of birth unknown)
- Robert Fabyan, chronicler (year of birth unknown)
- 1514
- 2 January – William Smyth, bishop and statesman (born 1460)
- December – Henry, Duke of Cornwall, third son of Henry VIII of England (stillborn)
- 1516
- 25 April – John Yonge, diplomat (born 1467)
- 1518
- 20 November – Marmaduke Constable, soldier (born c. 1455)
- 1519
- 10 September – John Colet, churchman and educator (born 1467)
- William Grocyn, scholar (born 1446)
References
[edit]- ^ Powicke, F. Maurice; Fryde, E. B., eds. (1961). Handbook of British Chronology (2nd ed.). London: Butler & Tanner Ltd. p. 39.
- ^ "Erasmus, Desiderius (ERSS465D)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 139–142. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ "Queen Katharine: 1510". British History Online. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 197–204. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ^ Text of the 1510s in England as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from legislation.gov.uk.
- ^ The Statutes of the Realm. 3:2-3.
- ^ Rymer, Thomas (1712). Foedera. Vol. 13. London. p. 370.
- ^ "Henry VIII: September 1513, 21–30". British History Online. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
- ^ "Hornshole Battle Site". Discover the Borders. Archived from the original on 2008-05-09. Retrieved 2013-08-06.
- ^ Paine, Lincoln P. (1997). Ships of the World: an Historical Encyclopedia. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-85177-739-2.
- ^ Henry Grace à Dieu.
- ^ "Henry VIII: December 1514, 26–30". British History Online. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ^ Sutton, Ian (1999). Architecture, from Ancient Greece to the Present. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500-20316-3.
- ^ a b "BBC - History - Historic Figures: Mary I (1516-1558)". Retrieved 2019-03-27.