1130s in England
(Redirected from 1138 in England)
Events from the 1130s in England.
Incumbents
[edit]Events
[edit]- 1130
- New choir of Canterbury Cathedral completed.[1]
- 1131
- 8 September – the barons swear allegiance to Matilda as the true heir of Henry I of England.[2]
- Cistercians found Rievaulx Abbey in Yorkshire.[1]
- Gilbertine Order of nuns founded by Gilbert of Sempringham in Lincolnshire, the only completely English religious order.[3]
- 1132
- Benedictines found Fountains Abbey in Yorkshire.[4]
- 1133
- August – King Henry I leaves England for the last time for Normandy.
- A royal charter establishes the first annual Bartholomew Fair at Smithfield, London; later to become England's largest cloth fair.[1]
- First Bishop of Carlisle (Æthelwold) consecrated.[1]
- Rebuilt Exeter Cathedral consecrated.
- 1135
- 26 May – the Great Fire of 1135 destroys the wooden London Bridge[5] and seriously damages St Paul's Cathedral.
- 1 December – King Henry I dies (at Lyons-la-Forêt in Normandy) having nominated Matilda as his heir.[2]
- 22 December – Stephen of Blois, nephew of Henry I, claims the throne.[2]
- 26 December – coronation of Stephen of England at Westminster Abbey[2] by William de Corbeil, Archbishop of Canterbury.
- Bruton Abbey, Buildwas Abbey and Byland Abbey founded, the latter in January by the Congregation of Savigny.[6]
- 1136
- 1 January – revolt in Wales; Welsh capture Swansea and Cardigan from the Normans.[1]
- 4 January – Henry I is buried in his foundation, Reading Abbey (tomb dedicated 1 December).
- 5 February – by the Treaty of Durham, Stephen concedes Cumberland to David I of Scotland.[1]
- Hospital of St Cross, an almshouse in Winchester, is established by Bishop Henry of Blois; it will still be functioning in the 21st century.
- Geoffrey of Monmouth writes Historia Regum Britanniae.[1]
- 1137
- March – Stephen fails in his attempt to re-capture Normandy from Matilda.[1]
- 3 June – a fire severely damages Rochester Cathedral, but it is soon rebuilt.[7]
- 4 June – a fire destroys much of the city of York, including 39 churches and York Minster, but the latter is soon rebuilt.[7]
- 27 June – a fire severely damages the city of Bath, Somerset.[7]
- 1138
- January–February – King David I of Scotland raids Northumberland, taking the Bishop of Durham's Norham Castle (garrisoned only by nine), and besieges the castle at Wark on Tweed.[8]
- 10 April – Robert Warelwast is nominated as Bishop of Exeter.
- May – The Anarchy: Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester, leads a rebellion against King Stephen in favour of his half-sister Matilda.[2]
- 10 June – Battle of Clitheroe: Having harried Craven in Yorkshire, David I of Scotland's nephew William fitz Duncan meets and defeats an English force on the edge of the Bowland Fells.[8]
- 22 August – Battle of the Standard: English army defeats that of David I of Scotland at Cowton Moor near Northallerton in Yorkshire.[1]
- December – Legatine conference in Westminster led by Alberic of Ostia.
- Alcester Abbey and Bourne Abbey established.
- 1139
- 8 January – Theobald of Bec enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
- 9 April – the second Treaty of Durham between King Stephen of England and David I of Scotland; David's son Earl Henry takes control of most of Northumberland, excluding Bamburgh and Newcastle upon Tyne.[1]
- June – Stephen orders the arrest of Roger of Salisbury, Justiciar and Bishop of Salisbury, and Alexander of Lincoln, Bishop of Lincoln.[2]
- 30 September – The Anarchy: Empress Matilda lands near Arundel to begin her campaign to regain the throne from Stephen.[2]
- 7 November – The Anarchy: Gloucester's army sacks Worcester.[1]
- King's School, Pontefract, founded.
Births
[edit]- 1130
- 1133
- 5 March – King Henry II of England (died 1189)
- 1136
- William of Newburgh, historian (died c. 1198)
Deaths
[edit]- year unknown, after 1130
- 1130
- Maud, Countess of Huntingdon (born 1074)
- 1134
- 28 March – Stephen Harding, Abbot of Cîteaux and saint (born c. 1050)
- Biddenden Maids, supposed earliest known conjoined twins (born 1100)
- 1135
- 1 December – King Henry I of England (born c. 1068)
- 1136
- 15 April – Richard de Clare, 1st Earl of Hertford (born 1094)
- 21 November – William de Corbeil, Archbishop of Canterbury (born c. 1070 in the Île-de-France)
- 1137
- 10 July – Pain fitzJohn, nobleman and royal administrator (killed in ambush)
- c. 26 September – William Warelwast, Bishop of Exeter and diplomat
- 1138
- 1139
- 11 December – Roger of Salisbury, bishop and Lord Chancellor
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 61–63. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ a b c d e f g Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 120–122. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ^ Golding, Brian (1995). Gilbert of Sempringham and the Gilbertine Order. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-820060-9.
- ^ "Fountains Abbey website". Archived from the original on 1999-09-03. Retrieved 2007-12-19.
- ^ Weinreb, Ben; Hibbert, Christopher (1995). The London Encyclopaedia. Macmillan. p. 287. ISBN 0-333-57688-8.
- ^ "Byland Abbey, Cistercians in Yorkshire Project". Archived from the original on 2007-12-26. Retrieved 2007-12-19.
- ^ a b c Walford, Cornelius, ed. (1876). "Fires, Great". The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance. C. and E. Layton. p. 26.
- ^ a b Richard of Hexham (1853–58). Stevenson, Joseph (ed.). De Gestis Regis Stephani. Church Historians of England, vol. 4, pt 1. Archived from the original on 2008-10-06. Retrieved 2008-08-29.