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Zentarō Kosaka

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Zentarō Kosaka
Zentaro Kosaka in 1960
Minister for Foreign Affairs
In office
15 September 1976 – 24 December 1976
Prime MinisterTakeo Miki
Preceded byKiichi Miyazawa
Succeeded byIichirō Hatoyama
Minister of State, Head of the Economic Planning Agency
In office
22 December 1972 – 25 November 1973
Prime MinisterKakuei Tanaka
Preceded byKiichi Arita
Succeeded byTsuneo Uchida
Minister for Foreign Affairs
In office
8 December 1960 – 18 July 1962
Prime MinisterHayato Ikeda
Preceded byAiichiro Fujiyama
Succeeded byMasayoshi Ōhira
Chairman of the National Public Safety Commission
In office
1 July 1954 – 1 October 1954
Prime MinisterShigeru Yoshida
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byNaoshi Ohara
Minister of Labour
In office
21 May 1953 – 16 June 1954
Prime MinisterShigeru Yoshida
Preceded byKuichiro Totsuka
Succeeded bySaburo Chiba
Member of the House of Representatives
In office
10 April 1946 – 18 February 1990
Personal details
Born(1912-01-23)23 January 1912
Nagano, Japan
Died26 November 2000(2000-11-26) (aged 88)
Tokyo, Japan
Political partyLiberal Democratic Party
ChildrenKenji Kosaka
Alma materHitotsubashi University

Zentarō Kosaka (小坂 善太郎, Kosaka Zentarō, 23 January 1912 – 26 November 2000) was a Japanese politician who served two terms as foreign minister and as labour minister.

Early life and education

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Hailing from Nagano Prefecture, Kosaka was born into a politician family on 23 January 1912.[1][2] His grandfather, Zennosuke Kosaka, was the founder of the daily Shinano Mainichi and a politician. His father, Junzo Kosaka, was also a politician. His younger brother, Tokusaburo Kosaka, was a leading politician of the Liberal Democratic Party.[3] Zentaro Kosaka was a graduate of Tokyo University of Commerce (present-day Hitotsubashi University).[2]

Career

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After graduation, Kosaka began his career at the Mitsubishi Bank. Then he worked for Shin-Etsu Chemical which was established by his father, Junzo Kosaka.[2] Later he joined the Liberal Democratic Party.[4] In the party he was part of the Kōchikai faction headed by Hayato Ikeda.[5]

Kosaka first became a member of the House of Representatives in 1946, being a representative for the Nagano Prefecture.[2] He served in the Lower House for 16 terms and held a variety of ministerial posts. On 6 September 1960, Kosaka visited Seoul, becoming the first Japanese cabinet member to visit South Korea since 1945.[6] He was appointed labour minister in the Yoshida Cabinet, and foreign minister in the cabinets of Hayato Ikeda and Takeo Miki.

Kosaka's first term as foreign minister was from 19 July 1960 to 18 July 1962. Assuming the post shortly after the massive Anpo Protests against the US-Japan Security Treaty, Kosaka's most pressing task was to restore good relations with the United States. Kosaka recalled, "In the immediate aftermath of the Security Treaty riots, repairing US-Japan relations was our single biggest concern."[7] To this end, Kosaka visited the United States several times and helped arrange a summit meeting between Prime Minister Ikeda and President John F. Kennedy in Washington D.C. in June 1961.[7]

In August 1966, Kosaka and Yoshimi Furui headed an eight-member LDP delegation to visit China.[5] They both held the views of right-conservatism, arguing for Japan's independence from the US and normalized relations with China.[5] After the visit, Kosaka developed a policy report, called the Kosaka Report, which was submitted to the LDP's policy affairs research council.[5]

In 1968, Kosaka stated his desire to visit Mongolia to search for the viability of economic assistance towards the country.[8] In 1970, Kosaka argued that Japan should declare a "no-war" notice in order to reduce tensions between Japan and China.[9] He was also the head of political affairs research committee in the LDP during the same period.[8] He also served as the head of economic planning agency during the term of the then Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka.[2] On 24 July 1972, Tanaka also appointed him as chairman of the newly founded Council for the normalization of Japan-China relations in the LDP.[10][11] The task of the council that consisted of 312 members was to reach a consensus, since the pro-Taiwan and pro-Peking factions over the whole peace treaty issue emerged in the party.[10] IN September 1972, Kosaka visited Pekin as special envoy of the prime minister Tanaka.[10]

Kosaka was secondly appointed foreign minister in 1976.[2] In 1976, he called for a reform of the UN security council at the UN general assembly.[12] At the beginning of the 1980s, he served as the chairman of the LDP's foreign affairs research council.[13] Kosaka retired from politics in 1990.[2]

Personal life

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Kosaka's son, Kenji Kosaka, is a LDP politician and former minister of education.[14] Kosaka participated his son's election campaign for the lower house in the Nagano district in 1990.[15]

Awards and legacy

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Kosaka was awarded the U.N. peace prize in 1982.[2] The Chinese restaurant of Okura Hotel in Tokyo was named by Kosaka.[16]

Death

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Kosaka died of renal failure in Tokyo on 26 November 2000.[2] He was 88.[2]

References

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  1. ^ Current World Leaders: biography and news. Almanac of Current World Leaders. 1977.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Ex-Foreign Minister Zentaro Kosaka dies". The Japan Times. 27 November 2000. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
  3. ^ Tsuyoshi Sunora (15 May 2007). "A Missionary for 'Civilian Diplomacy'". Japan Center for International Exchange. Retrieved 30 January 2014.
  4. ^ Frank Langdon (1973). Japan's Foreign Policy. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press. p. 204. ISBN 978-0-7748-0015-0.
  5. ^ a b c d Qingxin Ken Wang (2000). Hegemonic Cooperation and Conflict: Postwar Japan's China Policy and the United States. Westport, CO; London: Praeger. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-275-96314-9.
  6. ^ Chong-Sik Lee (1985). Japan and Korea: The Political Dimension. Stanford, CA: Hoover Press. p. 45. ISBN 978-0-8179-8183-9.
  7. ^ a b Nick Kapur (2018). Japan at the Crossroads: Conflict and Compromise after Anpo. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. pp. 45–62. ISBN 9780674988484.
  8. ^ a b Ts. Batbayar (1999). "Mongolia and Japan in 1945–1995: A Half Century Reconsidered". In Stephen Kotkin; Bruce A. Elleman (eds.). Mongolia in the Twentieth Century: Landlocked Cosmopolitan. Armonk, NY; London: M.E. Sharpe. p. 172. ISBN 978-0-7656-0535-1.
  9. ^ Albert Axelbank (2010). Black Star Over Japan: Rising Forces of Militarism. London: Routledge. p. 78. ISBN 978-0-415-58758-7.
  10. ^ a b c Gene T. Hsiao (January–March 1974). "The Sino-Japanese Rapprochement: A Relationship of Ambivalence". The China Quarterly. 57 (57): 101–123. doi:10.1017/s0305741000010961. JSTOR 652231. S2CID 154847154.
  11. ^ Gerald L. Curtis (1999). The Logic of Japanese Politics: Leaders, Institutions, and the Limits of Change. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-231-10843-0.
  12. ^ Kazuhiko Tōgō (2010). Japan's Foreign Policy, 1945-2009: The Quest for a Proactive Policy. Leiden; Boston: Brill. p. 378. ISBN 978-90-04-18501-2.
  13. ^ Steve Lohr (3 April 1982). "Japan studies offering loans to U.S. business". The New York Times. p. 31.
  14. ^ "Few surprises in new Cabinet, announced by Junichiro Koizumi". Pravda. 1 November 2005. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
  15. ^ Kumiko Makihara (19 February 1990). "Japan In the Diet, It's All in the Family". Time. Tokyo. Archived from the original on 15 December 2008. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
  16. ^ "History". Okura Hotel. Retrieved 30 January 2014.
[edit]
House of Representatives (Japan)
Preceded by Chair, Budget Committee of the House of Representatives of Japan
1950–1951 		Succeeded by
Toichiro Tsukada
Party political offices
Preceded by Chairman of the Policy Research Council, Liberal Democratic Party
1971–1972 		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by Minister of Labour
1953–1954 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
Office established
 Chairman of the National Public Safety Commission
1954 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister for Foreign Affairs
1960–1962 		Succeeded by
Masayoshi Ōhira
Preceded by Minister of State, Head of the Economic Planning Agency
1972–1973 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister for Foreign Affairs
1976 		Succeeded by
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