Yaoyorozu no Kami
Yaoyorozu no Kami (八百万の神, Eight Million Gods) is a term referring to kami in Shinto. The phrase "eight million gods" in Shinto religion does not mean that there are exactly 8 million gods. It means there are too many gods to count.[1] At the time infinity was not a known concept [2] and 8 is a lucky number in Asian culture.[3] It is used in many other phrases such as Yatagarasu.
Sometimes the kami are divided into the Amatsukami, Kunitsukami, and the eight million other kami.[4]
Emperor Sujin famously communed with the eighty myriad deities for help reorganizing the Yamato Kingship in a time of crisis.[5]
This doctrine says that there are countless Kami, including those that control natural phenomena such as the ocean, mountains, and wind, as well as those that are closely related to human life. Ancestors and influential figures who have achieved great things for their communities are also respected as "Kami." Many Shinto customs and stories were documented in Kojiki and Nihon shoki, written records from the Nara Period.[6]
All things, including the Gods, humans, and objects, come from Ame-no-Minakanushi, the first and supreme God. Ame-no-Minakanushi is the source of the universe and life, and is considered the principle of life. Life is at the center of both universal and human doctrines because everything originates from this supreme life. The nature of life is to expand itself.[7]
Some of the 8 million kami are tutelary deities, but most kami do not receive any worship.[8]
Shinto believes in multiple gods and acknowledges that Kami are present in everything, such as weather, geography, and landscape. Yaoyorozu no Kami describes the numerous gods that exist in the world. These gods are often depicted as having human-like qualities and forms. They are believed to be protector deities that can bring blessings or harm to humans. They are also called "guardian gods" that provide blessings to people, but they can also torture or harass humans. This dual nature of Kami makes them both revered and feared.[9]
The concept that all things are manifestations of the divine in Shinto has resulted in the integration of foreign deities into the religion. As a result, Shinto has incorporated both Buddhist and Confucian elements, over time.[9][10]
This idea leads to the potential constant discovery of new deities and social changes and progress.[11]
In popular culture
[edit]Marie Kondo has applied it to organizing[12]
In Spirited Away, the bathhouse is described as where eight million kami come to refresh themselves.[13]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ McMillan, Christian; Main, Roderick; Henderson, David (2019-12-06). Holism: Possibilities and Problems. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-76828-2.
- ^ "Shinto". www.cs.mcgill.ca. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
- ^ Ang, Swee Hoon (1997). "Chinese consumers' perception of alpha-numeric brand names". Journal of Consumer Marketing. 14 (3): 220–233. doi:10.1108/07363769710166800. Archived from the original on 5 December 2011.
- ^ Yamakage, Motohisa (2006). The Essence of Shinto: Japan's Spiritual Heart. Kodansha International. ISBN 978-4-7700-3044-3.
- ^ Aston, William George. (1896). Nihongi: Chronicles of Japan from the Earliest Times to A.D. 697, Volume 2. The Japan Society London. pp. 150–164. ISBN 9780524053478.
- ^ "Nitta Shrine -English site-". nittajinja.org. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
- ^ Tomoeda, Takahiko (1930). "The Essence of Shinto". Pacific Affairs. 3 (4): 343–349. doi:10.2307/2750558. ISSN 0030-851X. JSTOR 2750558.
- ^ "Shintō - Shintō literature and mythology | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
- ^ a b "Shinto of Japan". Encyclopedia of Japan. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
- ^ Rambelli, Fabio; Teeuwen, Mark (2003-08-29). Buddhas and Kami in Japan: Honji Suijaku as a Combinatory Paradigm. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-43123-6.
- ^ Yamashita, Hideo (2018-12-17). Competitiveness and Corporate Culture. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-429-86942-6.
- ^ PhD, Marc Ericson Santos (2019-06-25). "Yaoyorozu no Kami: The Philosophy Behind Marie Kondo's Tidying Method". Ascent Publication. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
- ^ Ogihara-Schuck, Eriko (2014-10-16). Miyazaki's Animism Abroad: The Reception of Japanese Religious Themes by American and German Audiences. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-7262-8.
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