Women in the automotive industry
Women began finding work when World War I began in 1914; they had to take the jobs of men who had gone to war. A wide range of jobs needed filling. Automotive machines were in large production around this time to supply the United States and other countries with vehicles for war. This was the start of women playing important roles in the automotive industry.[1]
As at 2016, only 11% of the global workforce in the automotive industry were women, with large national industries such as Japan facing shortages in female engineers.[2][3]
Notable women linked to the automotive industry
[edit]- Bertha Benz- A German automotive pioneer. She was the business partner and wife of automobile inventor Karl Benz. She was known as the first person in history to drive an automobile over a long distance
- Mrs. Alice Huyler Ramsey- founded and became president of the first "Women's Motoring Club" in the United States. On June 9, 1909, this 22-year-old housewife and mother began a 3,800-mile journey from Hell Gate in Manhattan, New York, to San Francisco, California, in a green, four-cylinder, 30-horsepower Maxwell DA.
- Florence Lawrence - Actress and car enthusiast born in 1886. Lawrence was the first person to develop for herself what we now call "turn signals".[4] Using flags on either side of the car, she could remotely lift them to signal that she was turning a certain direction. This had never been seen before, and is now such a crucial mechanic that using turn signals is part of the United States' driving laws. Lawrence was also the first to come up with a system to alert drivers behind her that she was slowing down, by holding a sign out of the driver's side window that read "Stop".[4] Although Lawrence never patented this, she is still given credit for playing an important role which has lasted into modern-day automotive design.
- Charlotte Bridgwood - Mother of Florence Lawrence and automotive enthusiast. Bridgwood was responsible for developing the windshield wiper in 1917.[4]
- Hedy Lamarr- Co-invented an early technique for spread spectrum communications which paved the way for the wireless transmission technology (WiFi) that allows us to enjoy the internet and Bluetooth.
- Dr. Gladys West- An African American mathematician who worked for the United States Naval Weapons Laboratory in the 1950s. She completed the computations and processed data to help determine the exact location of satellites. This work was a major contribution to the accuracy of the modern GPS systems we use every day.
- Michelle Christensen - Christensen is the first woman to lead of a "supercar" design team, working on Honda/Acura's most expensive car, the NSX.[5] No other women had previously had a lead design on an exotic car.
- Mary Barra - The first female CEO of a major global automaker, at General Motors.[6]
- Alicia Boler Davis- First African-American women to become a GM manufacturing plant manager. Current, Executive VP of Global Manufacturing at General
- Barb Samardzich - COO of Ford Europe.[7]
References
[edit]- ^ "World War I: 1914-1918 | Striking Women".
- ^ "Engineering change for women in the car industry". The Guardian. 2016-10-21. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2018-10-08.
- ^ "Japan's Carmakers Have Got a Problem With Women". Bloomberg.com. 2018-05-10. Retrieved 2020-11-16.
- ^ a b c "Who Made That Turn Signal?". The New York Times Magazine. 12 July 2013.
- ^ Hirsch, Jerry (11 January 2015). "For new NSX, Acura's designing woman". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ Vlasic, Bill (10 December 2013). "New G.M. Chief Is Company Woman, Born to It". The New York Times.
- ^ English, Andrew (2014-03-12). "Women in the motor industry". Daily Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 2018-10-08.