Wikipedia:WikiProject Weather/Sources

The purpose of this page is to help improve the references in Wikipedia articles related to the weather and meteorology. It serves to inform users about a source's reliability as it pertains to meteorological topics. This list is merely a collection of some sources; other good sources do exist that are not listed here. You can help to expand this list by starting a discussion about a source on the talk page.

Legend

Legend

Generally reliable: Editors show consensus that the source is reliable for use on meteorological topics in most cases. The source has a reputation for fact-checking, accuracy, and error-correction, often in the form of a strong editorial team. It will still be necessary to analyze how much weight to give the source and how to describe its statements. Arguments to exclude such a source entirely must be strong and convincing.    Additional considerations: The source is marginally reliable (i.e. neither generally reliable nor generally unreliable), and may be usable depending on context. Editors may not have been able to agree on whether the source is appropriate, or may have agreed that it is only reliable in certain circumstances. It will likely be necessary to evaluate each use of the source on a case-by-case basis while accounting for specific factors unique to the source in question. Carefully review the Summary column of the table for details on the status of the source and the factors that should be considered.    Generally unreliable: Editors show consensus that the source is questionable in most cases. The source may lack an editorial team, have a poor reputation for fact-checking, fail to correct errors, be self-published, or present user-generated content. Outside exceptional circumstances, the source should normally not be used, and it should never be used for information about a living person. Even in cases where the source may be valid, it is usually better to find a more reliable source instead. If no such source exists, that may suggest that the information is inaccurate.    Deprecated: There is community consensus to deprecate the source. The source is considered generally unreliable, and use of the source is generally prohibited. Despite this, the source may potentially be able to be used for some uncontroversial self-descriptions, although reliable secondary sources are still very much preferred. Discussion in progress: The source is currently being discussed. Italic numbers represent active discussions (all discussions that are not closed or archived) on the reliable sources noticeboard. Letters represent discussions outside of the reliable sources noticeboard.

List of sources

Perennial meteorological sources

Source	Status (legend)	Discussions and information
		List	Last	Summary
American Meteorological Society (AMS)
Aon
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (BAMS)
Convective Chronicles
Doppler on Wheels (DOW)
Eric Wang
Ethan Moriarty
European Severe Storms Laboratory (ESSL)	Generally reliable			The European Severe Storms Laboratory (ESSL) is a widely cited scientific organization, which documents various weather events and climatological events across Europe and Northern Africa. Most citations will be of the European Severe Weather Database (ESWD) managed by the ESSL.
Force Thirteen	Generally unreliable			There is consensus that Force Thirteen, a YouTube channel which self-publishes info on weather, is unreliable and therefore should not be cited on Wikipedia.
French Observatory of Tornadoes and Violent Thunderstorms (Keraunos)
Howard Bluestein
Iowa Environmental Mesonet
Monthly Weather Review (MWR)
National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)	Generally reliable			The National Centers for Environmental Information is a branch of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the United States federal government. The NCEI is officially responsible for documenting and archiving official observations and some publications from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration starting in 2015. Official records for weather events between 1959 and November 2018 are in Storm Data. Starting in December 2018, NCEI ceased publication of Storm Data and relied on the Storm Events Database as the new place for official meteorological reports.
National Climatic Data Center (NCDC)	Generally reliable			The National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) is a branch of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the United States federal government. The NCDC was officially responsible for documenting and archiving official observations and some publications from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration between 1934 and 2015. These included Climatological Data National Summary (published 1950-1980) and Storm Data (between 1959 and 2015). In 2015, NCDC was dissolved after being merged into the National Centers for Environmental Information.
National Hurricane Center (NHC)	Generally reliable			The National Hurricane Center (NHC) is a branch of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the United States federal government. The NHC has the official authority to issue information regarding tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean and Eastern Pacific Ocean. The National Hurricane Center website and social media accounts on 𝕏, Facebook, and YouTube are considered reliable sources.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)	Generally reliable			The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is a branch of the federal government of the United States and is responsible for all official meteorological and climatological data and information for the United States. NOAA also does publications for and collects data outside the United States.
National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL)	Generally reliable			The National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL) is a branch of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the United States federal government.
National Weather Service (NWS)	Generally reliable			The National Weather Service (NWS) is a branch of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the United States federal government.
Nick Stewart
RaXPol
Reed Timmer
Ryan Hall, Y'all
Shifu R. Careaga	Generally unreliable	1	2024	There is a small consensus that publications by Shifu R. Careaga (typically on Academia.edu) have historically been pseudoscientific theories and therefore should not be cited on Wikipedia.
South African Weather Service (SAWS)
Storm Prediction Center (SPC)	Generally reliable			The Storm Prediction Center (SPC) is a branch of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the United States federal government.
Timothy P. Marshall
Thomas P. Grazulis	Generally reliable
Tornado Project	Generally reliable	1
Tornado Talk	No consensus	1
AmericanWx	Generally unreliable			Community-controlled weather forum. Unreliable as anyone can add information, whether accurate or not.
Weather Prediction Center (WPC)	Generally reliable			The Weather Prediction Center (WPC) is a branch of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the United States federal government.
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)	Generally reliable			The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is a branch of the United Nations.