Wikipedia:WikiProject Stolpersteine/Stolpersteine in Munich

German version

Stored Stolpersteine in Munich, 2017

Stolpersteine is the German name for stumbling blocks collocated all over Europe by German artist Gunter Demnig. They remember the fate of the victims of Nazi Germany being murdered, deported, exiled or driven to suicide. Generally, the stumbling blocks are posed in front of the building where the victims had their last self chosen residence.

Most of the Stolpersteine in Munich, the capital of Bavaria, are stored in a cellar as the City Counsel interdicted their collocation on public grounds. Only 53 Stolpersteine could be collocated in the doorways of houses, on private grounds (status of July 2017). Three Stolpersteine for Munich are currently shown in an exhibition hall in Munich, two in a museum show in Leipzig.

The lists are sortable; the basic order follows the alphabet according to the last name of the victim.

History

Gunter Demnig has collocated thousands of Stolpersteine in all major cities of Germany but Munich. In the Bavarian capital, the installations of stumbling stones on public grounds were prohibited after Demnig's first request in 2003. The City Council has twice decided — in accordance with the local Jewish community — that this project does not constitute an appropriate way to remember the victims.

Laying and removal of the first two Stolpersteine

Stolpersteine for Paula and Siegried Jordan, January 2017

When Demnig asked mayor Christian Ude (SPD) for permits in March 2003, his request was declined three months later by the Council of Elders of the City of Munich. Nevertheless, in May 2004 Demnig posed two stumbling stones on request of Peter Jordan, the son of victims Paula and Siegfried Jordan, both mordered in Kaunas in 1941. Yehoshua Chmiel [1]

On 15 June 2004, the City Counsel voted on the issue if Stolpersteine should be permitted on public ground. A vast majority said no, only PDS, Rosa Liste and the Green Party voted in favor of the collocations. Within 24 hours after the decision, the first two Stolpersteine in Munich were removed from Mauerkircherstraße 13, the last self chosen residence of the Jordan family. Peter Jordan was not informed about their removal by city officials and their deposition at the Jewish cemetery. He was upset and reacted harshly: "It was as if my parents were desecrated a second time." When asked why exactly Munich has such problems with remembrance, he responded: "Sometimes I feel that people do not want to be reminded and do not want to be pulled out of their Gemütlichkeit."

Thereafter, the Stolpersteine for Paula and Siegfried Jordan were installed at the Führerbau from 2005 to 2011 (until they were removed again by city officials for "fire protection"). In 2015, they formed part of an exhibition at the Haus der Geschichte in Bonn. For one day in January 2017, they returned to Munich, for a ceremony with Peter Jordan, then 93, and his wife in front of the building where he and his parents once lived and where the two Stolpersteine were collocated for two months in spring of 2004. In 2017, Zeitgeschichtliches Forum Leipzig.

Symbolic collocations

In 2005, two symbolic installations took place in Munich. On 17 February, author and TV moderator Amelie Fried organized a ceremony at Frundsbergstraße 8 for her relatives Lilli Fried née Schwarzschild (1887-1943) and Max Fried (1879-1943). On 5 April, in front of a building in Herzog-Max-Straße another symbolic laying took place. The Stolpersteine to be collocated there were dedicated to Gisela Goldlust (1875-1942) and Leopold Paul Goldlust (1876-1939). The ceremony was instigated by sponsor Hans-Dieter Klein from Vienna, a nephew of Mrs. Goldlust.

Stored Stolpersteine

As the Fried and Goldlust Stolpersteine could not be collocated, they were stored by the Munich initiative for Stolpersteine in a cellar in the centre of the city. Since sponsors continued to order Stolpersteine but the city still did not allow their collocation, the number of stored plaques by the years grew to 245 (status from July 2017). The stored Stolpersteine are safely secured and ordered by alphabet, awaiting their final destination.

Public debates

The public opinion in Munich is split in two groups and there are fierce debates going on between them since 2003:

• Charlotte Knobloch is widely considered as the main opponent of Stolperstein collocations in Munich. She has served as president of the Jewish community in Munich and Upper Bavaria since 1985 and in important functions in several national and international federations between 1997 and 2013 (Zentralrat, EJC and WJC). She gained the support of the majorities of the local Jewish community and of the City Counsel, especially from the CSU, the FDP and from most representatives of the ruling SPD. Both her deputies in the Jewish community, Yehoshua Chmiel and Abi Pitum, support her position. Knobloch is an honorary citizen of Munich since 2005. She considers it unbearable to read the names of murdered Jews on tablets in the pavement being "trampled" upon. Knobloch: ″The people murdered in the Holocaust deserve more than an inscription in the midst of dust, street filth, and even worse defilement.″ She also fears the desecration and destruction of these monuments. Manche dieser Beschädigungen werden in rechtsextremen Medien auf hämische Weise kommentiert.

Peter Jordan

Charlotte Knobloch

Terry Swartzberg

• The most outspoken advocates for the Stolperstein collocations in Munich are Peter Jordan, the son of two victims of the Shoah, and Terry Swartzberg, a member of Munich's Reformed Jewish congregation Beth Shalom. Since 2011, Swartzberg has being chairing the local Stolperstein committee. In 2015, the Stolperstein supporters collected more than 80.000 signatures in favor of collocations in Munich, among them many intellectuals and artists. This initiative was also backed by representatives of other victim groups, like Roma and Sinti, former inmates of the Dachau concentration camp, gays and lesbians etc. The promoters of Stolperstein collocations respond that in order to be able to read the inscription one has to bow and thus pay respect to the victim. All monuments, they say, can be defiled and/or destroyed regardless where they are located and how they are constructed.

Knobloch is widely isolated in this matter within the Jewish communities of Germany. Both her successors as president of the Central Council of Jews in Germany, Dieter Graumann and Josef Schuster, are backing Deming's project — and the vice president of the Central Council, Salomon Korn, who even wrote about "bogus arguments" on Knobloch's side. Also the former president of the Union of progressive Jews in Germany and current chairman of the second largest Jewish community of Munich (Beth Shalom), Jan Mühlstein, took a stand in favor of the Stolpersteine. Demnig himself denied Knobloch's metaphor "to tread on fate," and considers it a trivialization of Nazi crimes. "If the Nazis were content with stepping on Jews, then people would have gotten bruises, but they would still be alive. The Nazis however had an extermination program."

Until July 2017, all attempts to convince the local politicians to reverse their decision were in vain.

Installation in the former Führerbau

The so-called “Führerbau”, Hitler's headquarters in Munich, was erected between 1933 and 1937. It was in this building, where the Munich Agreement was signed by Chamberlain, Daladier, Hitler and Mussolini. Nowadays, the building is used by the Academy of Music and Theatre, an institution sponsored by the state of Bavaria. As a protest action against the stern position of the City of Munich, the leading team of the Academy invited Peter Weisfeld to create an installation with several Stolpersteine in the lobby of the building. City officials could not object to the installation as the building is property of the state. The installation was presented on 31 August 2005. The citizens’ action group presenting the plaques dedicated to Munich victims wanted to bring the project to public attention. They reminded a sentence of artist Gunter Demnig:

"When you read the name of an individual person, calculate his/her age and look at his/her last home, then the horror has a face."

Part of the installation were also the Stolpersteine for Paula and Siegfried Jordan that had been forcefully removed by city officials from their location in front of the victims last self chosen address. In 2011, city officials found a way to remove the unliked installation in the heart of the city. Although the property belongs to the state, fire protection lays within the responsibility of the city. With this pretext, the installation was removed by the Munich Fire Department.

Collocations on private grounds

Collocation of 13 Stolpersteine on private grounds in Munich, June 2017

On 1 September 2007, the Stolperstein for Heinrich Oestreicher could be collocated by Gunter Demnig in front of the building Viktor-Scheffel-Straße 19 in Munich-Schwabing. The city officials did not have the possibility to remove this stone as it was posed on private grounds. Janne Weinzierl, one of the representatives of the local Stolperstein initiative, stated: "We continue to work steadily in the underground". Wolfgang Brix, the sponsor of this Stolperstein, told the press: "It is about two things: the memory of Heinrich Oestreicher and the importance of respect and regard for one's neighbor." The Methodist Church, that owns that building, stood steadfast behind the collocation.

Step by step, also other house owners decided to join the project: In 2008, four Stolpersteine could be collocated in the same street, one for Judith Ziegler, three for members of the Weiss family. In 2009, two Stolpersteine for the Benarios followed in Haydnstrasse 12 as well as eleven Stolpersteine for victims from several families in Kyreinstraße 3. In May 2014 the first Munich Stolperstein for a victim of Aktion T4 was posed at Von-der-Tann-Straße 7: Max Sax starved to death in Nazi custody in 1943. On 21 December 2013, two Stolpersteine for Jehova's Witnesses Rosa Günther and Viktoria Klimm were posed in front of their last homes in Entenbachstraße and Isartalstraße.

The largest collocation of Stolpersteine for Munich took place on 27 June 2017. On that day, Gunter Demnig posed 21 of them.

Exhibitions

In January 2009, violin maker Zens presented the Stolpersteine for sisters Laura Dobriner and Henriette Drey in his shopwindow in Arcisstraße 57. Within the same year, the Kunstpavillon in the Alter Botanischer Garten (Munich) gave a temporary home to the Stolpersteine for three resistance fighters from Maxvorstadt, dedicated to Hermann Frieb, Walter Klingenbeck and Antonie Pfülf. Since 2015, the Haus der Geschichte presents the Stolpersteine for Paula and Siegfried Jordan in exhibitions in Bonn und Leipzig.

80.000 supporters of collocations

Lists of Stolperstein supporters in Munich, 2015

The petition was signed by a wide range of Munich intellectuals such as writers Friedrich Ani, Josef Bierbichler, Amelie Fried, Gert Heidenreich, Herta Müller, Peter Probst and Timur Vermes, directors Doris Dörrie, Martin Kušej and Michael Verhoeven, actors Brigitte Hobmeier, Stefan Hunstein and Franziska Walser, cabaret artist Christoph Süß, musician Siegfried Mauser, as well as by scientists Michael von Cranach, Ludwig Eiber, Willibald Karl and archivist Albert Knoll. He also gained the support of concentration camp survivor Ernst Grube, politician Klaus Hahnzog (SPD) and Jan Mühlstein, the former chair of the Union of Progressive Jews in Germany.

Präsentation der Listen mit den über 80.000 Unter­stützern der Münchner Stolper­steine am Königsplatz, 9. Juni 2015

Nachdem bei den Kommunalwahlen in Bayern 2014 der Münchner Oberbürgermeister Christian Ude, der Knoblochs Standpunkt teilte, altersbedingt aus dem Amt geschieden war, veranstaltete im Dezember 2014 der neugewählte Münchner Stadtrat eine öffentliche Anhörung zu dem Projekt. Diese stand kurz vor einem Eklat, als eine Vertreterin der IKG bei ihrer Kritik an den Stolpersteinen die vereinbarte Redezeit deutlich überzog.

Terry Swartzberg und die „Initiative Stolpersteine für München“ sammelten bis Juni 2015 über 80.000 Unterschriften für ihr Projekt.

Am 28. April 2015 einigten sich die regierenden Stadtratsfraktionen von SPD und CSU dahingehend, dass der NS-Opfer statt mit Stolpersteinen durch Erinnerungswandtafeln und -stelen gedacht werden soll, sofern Angehörige und Hauseigentümer zustimmen.

Am 29. Juli 2015 sprach sich der Münchener Stadtrat mit breiter Mehrheit gegen die Stolpersteine auf öffentlichen Straßen und Plätzen der Stadt aus.

Litigation

Im Auftrag einer Opfergruppe, unter ihnen Peter Jordan, reichte der Münchner Rechtsanwalt Hannes Hartung Ende 2015 Klage ein, unter Berufung auf das Recht auf individuelles Gedenken, das im Grundgesetz verankert ist. Das Gericht wies vor kurzem die Klage als dafür nicht zuständig ab.

Zumal es längst Bodendenkmäler in München gibt, zum Beispiel in Erinnerung an die Widerstandsgruppe Weiße Rose, zum Gedenken an Kurt Eisner, den jüdischen Ministerpräsidenten von Bayern, der 1919 ermordet wurde, oder für den Hitler-Attentäter Georg Elser.

Bodendenkmäler längst Bestandteil der Münchner Erinnerungskultur sind", schreibt Jordan und zählt entsprechende Beispiele aus München auf: das Denkmal für die Weiße Rose vor der Uni, die Metallplatte zum Gedenken an Kurt Eisner, den 1919 ermordeten jüdischen Ministerpräsidenten des Freistaats Bayern, an der Kardinal-Faulhaber-Straße, oder das geplante Denkmal für verfolgte und ermordete Lesben und Schwule am Oberanger. Außerdem, von Jordan nicht erwähnt, erinnert auch an den im Konzentrationslager Dachau ermordeten Hitler-Attentäter Georg Elser ein Bodendenkmal am Gasteig.[2]

An der Klage beteiligen sich laut der Münchner Stolperstein-Initiative neben Jordan derzeit Thomas Nowotny aus Stephanskirchen, Christof Eberstadt aus Erlangen und Steven Bechhofer aus München; weitere Opferfamilien wollen sich anschließen. Die Klage soll am Mittwoch vorgestellt werden. An diesem Tag vor 74 Jahren wurde bei Kaunas in Litauen das jüdische Kunsthändlerehepaar Paula und Siegfried Jordan aus München erschossen.

[3]

Monuments in Munich's pavement

White Rose
1988

Kurt Eisner
1989

Georg Elser
1989

Gays and lesbians
2017

Am 31. Mai 2016 wies das Verwaltungsgericht München eine Klage auf Verlegung von Stolpersteinen in München ab.

On 27 June 2017, Gunter Demnig collocated 21 more Stolpersteine on private grounds in Munich. On the same day, Terry Swartzberg announced the laying of 60 more in October of the same year.

Cleaning

Immer wieder finden sich Jugendliche zusammen, die aus Eigeninitiative Stolpersteine säubern, polieren oder instand halten.

Altstadt-Lehel

Stone	Inscription	Location	Life and death
	HERE LIVED ELSE BASCH NÉE ORDENSTEIN BORN 1878 DEPORTED 1942 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED 18.6.1944	Liebigstraße (corner to Widenmayerstraße 16)	Basch, ElseElse Basch née Ordenstein was born on 4 August 1878 in Nuremberg. Her parents were Josef Ordenstein (1848-1922) and Ida née Lauchheimer (1857-1921). She had three siblings, Ludwig (born 1877), Frieda (born 1881) and Richard. She was married to Julius Basch. The couple had at least one son, Ernst, born in 1909. Else and Julius Basch owned a commercial building in Munich's Kaufingerstrasse, a popular shopping promenade in the center of the city. Her brother Richard died already in February 1914. Her brother Ludwig was brought to death in August 1942 in Theresienstadt. Her sister Frieda and her husband Franz Karpe were both murdered in September 1942 in Treblinka extermination camp.
	HERE LIVED ERNST BASCH BORN 1909 ESCAPE 1935 USA	Liebigstraße (corner to Widenmayerstraße 16)	Basch, ErnstErnst Basch was born on 11 March 1909 in Munich. He survived and died on 20 February 1983.
	HERE LIVED JULIUS BASCH BORN 1876 ARRESTED 1938 DACHAU 1940 COMPULSORY SALE OF HIS ROPERTY HUMILIATED/DEPRIVED OF HIS RIGHTS DEAD 1940	Liebigstraße (corner to Widenmayerstraße 16)	Basch, JuliusJulius Basch was born 15 January 1876 in Munich.
	HERE LIVED KLARA STRAUSS NÉE MARX BORN 1875 HUMILIATED/DISENFRANCHISED REFUGE IN DEATH 7.11.1941	Liebigstraße (corner to Widenmayerstraße 16)	Strauss, KlaraKlara Strauss née Marx was born on 18 April 1875 in Mannheim. Her parents were industrialist Adolf Marx and Frieda née Wolff. On 22 July 1900, she was married to industrialist Siegfried Strauss (1863-1930) from Munich. The couple lived in Widenmayerstraße 16/III since May 1911. The widow was forced to leave her apartment in June 1939 and had to move first to Gedonstraße, later-on to Leopoldstraße. On 7 November 1941 Klara Strauss took her life in order to prevent deportation.

Neither collocated nor exhibited

Stone	Name	Destination	Life and death
	Böhm, FranziskaFranziska Böhm	Widenmayerstraße 32	Born on 19 June 1863 in Lautenbach, deported on 10 June 1942, murdered in Theresienstadt on 21 December 1942.

Au-Haidhausen

Stone	Inscription	Location	Life and death
	HERE LIVED VIKTORIA KLIMM BORN 1885 JEHOVA'S WITNESS ARRESTED 1936 PAMPHLET DISTRIBUTION 1937 MORINGEN RAVENSBRÜCK MURDERED 16.12.1942 AUSCHWITZ	Entenbachstraße 45	Klimm, ViktoriaViktoria Klimm was born on 21 December 1885 in Irsee, close to Kaufbeuren in Swabia. She was a Witness of Jehova and was arrested on 23 July 1936 for denying the Hitler salute. After her release, she took part in events organized by Jehova's Witnesses on 12 December 1936 all over the Third Reich where she distributed flyers. She was arrested again, was first deported to Moringen concentration camp, then to Lichtenburg, then to Ravensbrück. On 1 July 1942, she was finally transferred to Auschwitz, where she was murdered by the Nazi regime on 16 December 1942.

Neither collocated nor exhibited

Stone	Name	Destination	Life and death
	Rödelheimer, IlseIlse Rödelheimer	Sckellstraße 8	Born on 29 December 1936 in Munich, deported on 20 November 1941, murdered in Kaunas on 25 November 1941.
	Rödelheimer, JohannaJohanna Rödelheimer	Sckellstraße 8	Born on 27 August 1898 in Munich, deported on 20 November 1941, murdered in Kaunas on 25 November 1941.
	Rödelheimer, ReginaRegina Rödelheimer	Sckellstraße 8	Born on 18 May 1872 in Munich, deported on 20 November 1941, murdered in Kaunas on 25 November 1941.
	Weil, Siegfried AdolphSiegfried Adolph Weil	Trogerstraße 36	Born on 2 June 1874 in Munich, deported on 15 July 1942, murdered in Theresienstadt concentration camp on 6 November 1943.
	Weil, SophieSophie Weil	Trogerstraße 36	Born on 15 July 1882 in Munich, deported on 15 July 1942, murdered in Theresienstadt concentration camp on 26 November 1942.

Bogenhausen

Stone	Inscription	Location	Life and death
File:Stolperstein für Paula Jordan (München).jpg	HERE LIVED PAULA JORDAN NÉE FRANK BORN 1889 DEPORTED 1941 KAUNAS MURDERED 25.11.1941	Mauerkircherstraße 13 (16 April to 16 June 2004) Jewish cemetery Führerbau (2005-2011) Haus der Geschichte, Bonn (2015) Zeitgeschichtliches Forum Leipzig (2017) Symbolic laying in front of the victims home, only on 15 January 2017	Jordan, PaulaPaula Jordan née Frank was born on 17 May 1889 in Steinach an der Saale. Her father was Lazarus Frank, a Jewish merchant. During World War I she served as a nurse. On 16 December 1921 she married Siegfried Jordan (see below). On 5 October 1923 Peter, the only son of the couple, was born. For two decades, the couple owned an art gallery in Prinzregentenstraße 2, across the street from the Haus der Kunst. They exhibited and sold works of arts across Germany, mainly in spas like Bad Kissingen or beach resorts like Norderney. In 1925, the family moved into their apartment in Mauerkircherstraße 13 (Herzogpark). On 20 November 1941, Siegfried and Paula Jordan were deported to Lithuania, together with thousand Jews from Munich. They were shot immediately after arrival, on 25 November 1941.
File:Stolperstein für Fritz Jordan (München).jpg	HERE LIVED SIEGFRIED FRITZ JORDAN BORN 1889 DEPORTED 1941 KAUNAS MURDERED 25.11.1941		Jordan, SiegfriedSiegfried Jordan, called Fritz, was born on 18 July 1889 in Munich. His parents were Leopold Jordan (1861-1933), a cattle trader, and Berta née Thalheimer (born 1865). He grew up in Häberlstraße, together with his parents and seven siblings. He was trained as a merchant and then specialized in dealing with works of art. During World War I he served as a mountain trooper. On 16 December 1921 he married Paula née Frank (see above). On 5 October 1923 Peter, the only son of the couple, was born. For two decades, the couple owned an art gallery in Prinzregentenstraße 2, across the street from the Haus der Kunst. They exhibited and sold works of arts across Germany, mainly in spas like Bad Kissingen or beach resorts like Norderney. In 1925, the family moved into their apartment in Mauerkircherstraße 13 (Herzogpark). The so-called Reichskristallnacht changed their life fundamentally. Siegfried was arrested and kept interned for some days in the Dachau concentration camp, the furniture from their apartment was confiscated, the culture climate became very hostile for all Jews. In May 1939, their son Peter succeeded to emigrate to England. Fritz was a dyed in the wool Bavarian and could not imagine leaving his homeland. He cycled through the landscapes and love to go skiing in Lenggries. "My father was very attached to Bavaria," his son remembered. "That's why he did not want to know what actually happened." On 20 November 1941, Siegfried and Paula Jordan were deported to Lithuania, together with thousand Jews from Munich. The train was originally bound to Riga, but never arrived there. The Jordans and all other passengers were shot immediately after arrival in Kaunas, on 25 November 1941. His mother Berta and his uncle Alexander were murdered by the Nazi regime in Theresienstadt concentration camp, his sister Rosa and her husband Sigmund Harburger lost their lives in Auschwitz concentration camp. At least four of his siblings managed to emigrate to the United States, his sister Klara Mayr survived the Shoah in a monastery in Munich.

Neither collocated nor exhibited

Stone	Name	Destination	Life and death
	Braun, ElisabethElisabeth Braun	Maria-Theresia-Straße 23	Born on 24 July 1887 in Munich, deported on 20 November 1941, murdered in Kaunas on 25 November 1941.
	Bretzfelder, FranziskaFranziska Bretzfelder	Holbeinstraße 22	Born on 7 August 1894 in Munich, suicide on 1 April 1942 in Munich.
	Bretzfelder, Hans JoachimHans Joachim Bretzfelder	Holbeinstraße 22	Born on 11 July 1921 in Munich, deported on 31 August 1942, murdered in Auschwitz.
	Bretzfelder, SiegfriedSiegfried Bretzfelder	Holbeinstraße 22	Born on 4 March 1880 in Estenfeld, suicide on 1 April 1942 in Munich.
	Bunzel, Dr. RudolfDr. Rudolf Bunzel	Poschinger Straße 2	Born on 13 April 1861 in Prag, deported 1939, murdered on 20 September 1940 at Schloss Hartheim.
	Goldschmidt, MartaMarta Goldschmidt née Koch	Mauerkircherstraße 4	Born on 9 February 1869 in Mainz, deported on 23 January 1942, murdered in Theresienstadt on 13 January 1945.
	Heilbronner, KlaraKlara Heilbronner	Ismaninger Straße 65	Born on 15 October 1879 in Munich, deported on 4 April 1942, murdered in Piaski.
	Heilbronner, Thea HermineThea Hermine Heilbronner	Ismaninger Straße 65	Born on 18 August 1906 in Munich, deported on 4 April 1942, murdered in Piaski.
	Kaufmann, BrunoBruno Kaufmann	Möhlstraße 21	Born on 26 April 1884 in Cottbus, suicide on 31 October 1940 in Munich.
	Kaufmann, JuliusJulius Kaufmann	Möhlstraße 21	Born on 26 October 1853 in Essen, suicide on 31 October 1940 in Munich.
	Kaufmann, LuiseLuise Kaufmann	Möhlstraße 21	Born on 8 November 1858 in Warendorf, suicide on 31 October 1940 in Munich.
	Neustadt, Dr. EmilDr. Emil Neustadt	Mauerkircherstraße 4	Born on 23 August 1873 in Wien, died on 8 May 1937 in Munich.
	Weil, Dr. EdgarDr. Edgar Weil	Kolbergerstraße 9	Born on 7 July 1908 in Frankfurt am Main, deported on 11 June 1941, murdered on 17 September 1941 in Ebensee concentration camp.

Ludwigsvorstadt-Isarvorstadt

Stone	Inscription	Location	Life and death
	HERE LIVED EUGENIE BENARIO NÉE GUTMANN BORN 1876 DEPORTED 1942 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED 18.1.1943	Haydnstraße 12	Benario, EugenieEugenie Benario née Gutmann was born on 6 September 1876 in Nuremberg. Her parents were banker Ignaz Gutmann and Olga née Hellmann. On 2 April 1900 she was married to lawyer Leo Benario (20 September 1869 in Marktbreit — 11 February 1933 in Munich). The couple had three children, all born in Munich: Otto (born on 27 January 1901), Oskar (born on 20 August 1905) and Olga (born on 12 February 1908). Since April 1915, the family lived in Jakob-Klar-Straße 1. On 11 July 1942, Eugenie Benario and her son Otto were deported by transport II/14 from Munich to Theresienstadt concentration camp. Their transport numbers were 663 and 664. She was murdered by the Nazi regime in Theresienstadt on 18 January 1943. Her daughter Olga married Luís Carlos Prestes, a Brazilian communist. She was extradited by the Brazilian government and was deported to Nazi Germany, where she gave birth to her only child, Anita Leocádia Prestes, born on 27 November 1936 in a Berlin prison. Later-on she was deported to Ravensbrück concentration camp and murdered in Bernburg on 1 January 1942. Little Anita could survive the Shoah and became a well known historian. Her son Otto was deported to Auschwitz concentration camp in 1944 and was murdered there.
	HERE LIVED OTTO MAX WILHELM BENARIO BORN 1901 DEPORTED 1942 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED IN AUSCHWITZ	Haydnstraße 12	Benario, Otto Max WilhelmOtto Max Wilhelm Benario was born on 27 January 1901 in Munich. His parents were lawyer Leo Benario (1869-1933) and Eugenie née Gutmann. He had a brother, Oskar (born), and a sister, Olga (). He was a bank clerk and single. Since April 1915, the family lived in Jakob-Klar-Straße 1. On 11 July 1942, Otto Benario and his mother were deported by transport II/14 from Munich to Theresienstadt concentration camp. Their transport numbers were 663 and 664. His mother was murdered by the Nazi regime in Theresienstadt on 18 January 1943. Otto Benario was deported by transport Ek to Auschwitz concentration camp on 29 September 1944. His transport number was 707 of 2,500. He was murdered there by the Nazi regime. His sister Olga Benário Prestes was murdered by the Nazi regime in Bernburg on 1 January 1942.
	HERE LIVED FRANZISKA BLOCH NÉE ADLER BORN 1885 DEPORTED 1941 KAUNAS MURDERED 25.11.1941	Herzog-Heinrich-Straße 5	Bloch, FranziskaFranziska Bloch née Adler, also called Fanny, was born on 3 May 1885 in Munich. Her parents were merchant Maier Adler and Antonie née Dreifuß. She became a social worker and married Oskar Max Bloch (see below). The wedding took place on 5 November 1905 in Munich. The couple had one daughter, Johanna (born on 6 August 1906 in Munich, later married with Heinrich Picard (see below)). Her husband died in 1937. The last residences of Franziska Bloch before deportation were in Mathildenstraße 11 and Landwehrstraße 44, thereafter she was interned at the hutment in the Knorrstraße 148. On 20 November 1941, Franziska Bloch, her daughter and her son-in-law were deported toward Eastern Europe, together with thousand Jews from Munich. The train was originally bound to Riga, but never arrived there. All three family members and all other passengers were shot immediately after arrival in Kaunas, on 25 November 1941.
File:Stolperstein für Oskar Max Bloch (München).jpg	HERE LIVED AND PRACTICED DR. OSKAR MAX BLOCH BORN 1876 HUMILIATED/DISENFRANCHISED DEAD 10.4.1937	Herzog-Heinrich-Straße 5	Bloch, Oskar MaxOskar Max Bloch was born on 29 February 1876 in Konstanz. His parents were merchant Alfred Bloch and Fanny née Schuler. He had three siblings, Moritz (born 1875), Elsa (1883) and Erwin (1885). He lived in Munich since 1898 and became a dentist. In 1905, he married Franzisa née Adler (see above). The couple had one daughter, Johanna (born on 6 August 1906 in Munich). His last residence was in Herzog-Heinrich-Straße 5. On 10 April 1937, Oskar Max Bloch died in Munich. The cause of his death is unknown. His wife, his daughter and his son-in-law Heinrich Picard (see below) were all murdered by the Nazi regime in Kaunas. His sister Elsa became a concert singer and managed to emigrate to Switzerland in 1939. She could survive the Shoah and died 1953 in Saanen.
		Ickstattstraße 13	Grünbaum, Chaim JosephChaim Joseph Grünbaum was born on 28 February 1895 in Łańcut, today in Poland. His parents were Israel Grünbaum and Pessel née Silbermann. He became a merchant and married Ethel née Stern (see below). The wedding took place in Munich on 17 March 1938. The couple had one daughter, Miriam (see below). The couple and their child emigrated on 30 June 1939 and settled in Nice. The whole family was caught by the Nazis in France and deported on 2 September 1942 to Auschwitz concentration camp. There, the three and a half years old girl and her parents were murdered by the Nazi regime.
		Ickstattstraße 13	Grünbaum, EthelEthel Grünbaum née Stern, also called Ella, was born on 15 August 1900 in Piwniczna, Poland. Her parents were merchant Abraham Adolf Stern and Henriette Jetty Lotte née Grau. She was trained as a ladies' dressmaker and married Chaim Joseph Grünbaum (see above). The wedding took place in Munich on 17 March 1938. The couple had one daughter, Miriam (see below). The couple and their child emigrated on 30 June 1939 and settled in Nice. The whole family was caught by the Nazis in France and deported on 2 September 1942 to Auschwitz concentration camp. There, the three and a half years old girl and her parents were based on 4 September 1942.
		Ickstattstraße 13	Grünbaum, MiriamMiriam Grünbaum was born on 8 January 1939 in Munich. Her parents were merchant Chaim Josef Grünbaum and Ethel née Stern (see above). As a baby, she and her parents emigrated to Italy. This took place on 30 June 1939. They settled in Nice. The whole family was caught by the Nazis in France and deported on 2 September 1942 to Auschwitz concentration camp. There, the three and a half years old girl and her parents were based on 4 September 1942.
	HERE LIVED ROSA GÜNTHER BORN 1886 JEHOVA'S WITNESS ARRESTED 1936 PAMPHLET DISTRIBUTION 1937 MORINGEN RAVENSBRÜCK MURDERED 22.10.1942 AUSCHWITZ	Isartalstraße 34	Günther, RosaRosa Günther was born on 22 February 1886 in Allersdorf near Rohrbach, Austria. She was a Witness of Jehova and was arrested in 1936 for distributing flyers or leaflets. She was put on trial before the Sondergericht in Munich and sentenced to six months arrest. Thereafter, she was first deported to Moringen concentration camp, then to Lichtenburg, then to Ravensbrück. Finally, she was transferred to Auschwitz, where she was murdered by the Nazi regime on 22 December 1942.
	HERE LIVED HEINRICH PICARD BORN 1895 DEPORTED 1941 KAUNAS MURDERED 25.11.1941	Herzog-Heinrich-Straße 5	Picard, HeinrichHeinrich Picard was born on 13 March 1895 in Munich. His parents were merchants Louis/Ludwig Picard and Rosa née Hilb. He had two siblings, Max (born on 21 October 1898) and Sophie (born on 17 August 1905). He was a merchant and married to Johanna née Bloch (see below). The wedding took place on 2 August 1937 in Munich. The couple first lived with Johanna's mother in Herzog-Heinrich-Straße 5. In January 1941, they had to move to Mathildenstraße and finally to Landwehrstraße 44. On 20 November 1941, Heinrich Picard and his wife were deported toward Eastern Europe, together with thousand Jews from Munich. The train was originally bound to Riga, but never arrived there. The couple and all other passengers were shot immediately after arrival in Kaunas, on 25 November 1941. His sister committed suicide in 1936. His mother died in unknown circumstances in 1941 in Munich, his father was murdered in 1942 in Theresienstadt concentration camp. His uncle Max committed suicide in 1942 in order to prevent deportation. Only his brother Max could survive the Shoah. He emigrated to Milwaukee and died there in July 1980.
	HERE LIVED JOHANNA PICARD NÉE BLOCH BORN 1906 DEPORTED 1941 KAUNAS MURDERED 25.11.1941	Herzog-Heinrich-Straße 5	Picard, JohannaJohanna Picard née Bloch, also called Hansi, was born on 6 August 1906 in Munich. Her parents were Oskar Max Bloch and Franziska née Adler (see above). She green up with her parents in Sendlinger-Tor-Platz 9. She became a doctor's receptionist. In September 1934, she moved with her parents to Herzog-Heinrich-Straße 5. In August 1937, she was married to Heinrich Picard (see above). The couple lived in the parental apartment. In January 1941, they had to move to Mathildenstraße and finally to Landwehrstraße 44. On 20 November 1941, Johanna Picard, her husband and her mother were deported toward Eastern Europe, together with thousand Jews from Munich. The train was originally bound to Riga, but never arrived there. The couple, Franziska Bloch and all other passengers were shot immediately after arrival in Kaunas, on 25 November 1941.
		Ickstattstraße 13	Rosner, Amalie MalkaAmalie Malka Rosner née Laufer was born on 10 October 1877 in Chrzanów, Poland. Her parents were Zina (?) Laufer and Chaja née Rapaport. She got to know Juda Baruch Rosner (see below), a merchant, and both moved to Munich in May 1903. Two years later, on 5 September 1905 in Chrzanów, they married. The couple had five children, all born in Munich: Rosa Leonora (born 1909), Gusta/Augusta (1913), Erna (1915), Henriette (1917) and Samuel (1920). Four of their children could emigrate after the Nazi takeover of power in Germany. Erna, Henriette and Samuel could flee to Palestine in 1936, Rosa Leonora escaped to the USA in 1938. On 20 November 1941, Amalie Malka Rosner was deported toward Eastern Europe, together with thousand Jews from Munich. The train was originally bound to Riga, but never arrived there. She and all other passengers were shot immediately after arrival in Kaunas, on 25 November 1941. Her husband was murdered by the Nazi regime on 25 March 1942 in Bernburg Euthanasia Centre. The fate of daughter Gusta is not known. Four granddaughters came to attend the collocation ceremony for Amalie and Baruch Rosner on 27 June 2017 in Munich: Ayala Mendelson and her sister Ilana Orin arrived from San Francisco, their cousins Terza Geva and Emi Reshef came from Tel Aviv.
		Ickstattstraße 13	Rosner, ErnaErna Rosner
		Ickstattstraße 13	Rosner, HenrietteHenriette Rosner
		Ickstattstraße 13	Rosner, Juda BaruchJuda Baruch Rosner was born on 21 October 1880 in Tyczyn, Poland. Her parents were merchant Salomon Rosner and Chaja née Tennenbaum . He became a merchant, got to know Amalie Maika née Laufer (see above) and they both moved to Munich in May 1903. Two years later, on 5 September 1905 in Chrzanów, they married. The couple had five children, all born in Munich: Rosa Leonora (born 1909), Gusta/Augusta (1913), Erna (1915), Henriette (1917) and Samuel (1920). Four of their children could emigrate after the Nazi takeover of power in Germany. Erna, Henriette and Samuel could flee to Palestine in 1936, Rosa Leonora escaped to the USA in 1938. On 20 November 1941, his wife was deported to Kaunas and murdered there by the Nazi regime five days later. Juda Baruch Rosner was arrested at an unknown date and deported to Buchenwald concentration camp. He was murdered by the Nazi regime on 25 March 1942 in Bernburg Euthanasia Centre. The fate of daughter Gusta is not known. Four granddaughters came to attend the collocation ceremony for Amalie and Baruch Rosner on 27 June 2017 in Munich: Ayala Mendelson and her sister Ilana Orin arrived from San Francisco, their cousins Terza Geva and Emi Reshef came from Tel Aviv.
		Ickstattstraße 13	Rosner, Rosa LeonoraRosa Leonora Rosner was born on 13 August 1909 in Munich. Her parents were Juda Baruch Rosner, a merchant, Amalie Maika née Laufer (both see above). She had four younger siblings, Gusta/Augusta (1913), Erna (1915), Henriette (1917) and Samuel (born 1920). In 1936, Erna, Henriette and Salomon managed to emigrate from Nazi Germany and left for Palestine. Rosa Leonora Rosner could emigrate in 1938 to the USA. Her parents were murdered by the Nazi regime. The fate of her sister Gusta is unknown.
		Ickstattstraße 13	Rosner, SamuelSamuel Rosner was born on 2 February 1920 in Munich. His parents were Juda Baruch Rosner, a merchant, Amalie Maika née Laufer (both see above). He had four older sisters, Rosa Leonora (born 1909), Gusta/Augusta (1913), Erna (1915) and Henriette (1917). In 1936, he, Erna and Henriette managed to emigrate from Nazi Germany and left for Palestine. It is not known when he moved to the USA. He was married to Annette née Ty (born on 22 March 1922). He died on 24 October 2007, his wife on 27 December 2007. Both a buried at Mount Tamalpais Cemetery in San Rafael, Marin County, California. His mother was murdered by the Nazi regime on 25 November 1941 in Kaunas, his father on 25 March 1942 in Bernburg. The fate of sister Gusta is not known.
	HERE LIVED ALBERT SELIGMANN BORN 1885 'SCHUTZHAFT' 1938 DACHAU DEPORTED 1941 KAUNAS MURDERED 25.11.1941	Herzog-Heinrich-Straße 5	Seligmann, AlbertAlbert Seligmann was born on 13 June 1885 in Munich. Her parents were mirror manufacturer Isidor Seligmann and Pauline née Schwabacher. He had a younger sister named Franziska (see below). He was a merchant, was single and lived in Herzog-Heinrich-Straße 5, later-on in a pension in Bauerstraße 26. On 20 November 1941, Albert Seligmann and his sister were deported to Lithuania, together with thousand Jews from Munich. The train was originally bound to Riga, but never arrived there. The siblings and all other passengers were shot immediately after arrival in Kaunas, on 25 November 1941.
	HERE LIVED FRANZISKA SELIGMANN BORN 1886 DEPORTED 1941 KAUNAS MURDERED 25.11.1941	Herzog-Heinrich-Straße 5	Seligmann, FranziskaFranziska Seligmann was born on 15 June 1886 in Munich. Her parents were mirror manufacturer Isidor Seligmann and Pauline née Schwabacher. She had an older brother named Albert (see above). She was a cook, was single and lived in Herzog-Heinrich-Straße 5, later-on in a pension in Bauerstraße 26. On 20 November 1941, Franziska Seligmann and her brother were deported to Lithuania, together with thousand Jews from Munich. The train was originally bound to Riga, but never arrived there. The siblings and all other passengers were shot immediately after arrival in Kaunas, on 25 November 1941.
	HERE LIVED HELENE SIMONS NÉE DEUTSCHMANN BORN 1879 DEPORTED 1941 KAUNAS MURDERED 25.11.1941	Bayerstraße 25	Simons, HeleneHelene Simons née Deutschmann was born 7 October 1879 in Breslau. Her parents were Max Deutschmann, a factory owner, and Molly née Sachs (1848-1903). She grew up in Breslau and was trained as a concert singer. At age 20 she married Dr. Hugo Neumann, an eye doctor from Breslau. The couple moved to Berlin. They had no children. Her first husband served in World War I and was killed. In 1922, she married physician Ernst Simons (1869-1934) and first lived with him in Berlin. After the retirement of her second husband, the couple moved to Bad Reichenhall, in the south of Bavaria. They owned a beautiful villa and befriended the pastor and his wife. The couple converted to Protestantism. After the takeover of power by the Nazis and after death of her husband, Helene Simons lost her house and, on 3 May 1941 was forced to leave the town. On 5 June 1941 she moved into the Pension Royal at Munich's Bayerstraße. On 12 November 1941 she was interned at the hutment in the Knorrstraße 148. On 20 November 1941 she was deported toward Eastern Europe, together with thousand Jews from Munich. The train was originally bound to Riga, but never arrived there. Helene Simons and all other passengers were shot immediately after arrival in Kaunas, on 25 November 1941. Promotors of this Stolperstein were Sibylle Schwarzbeck, whose grandparents were close friends with Helene Simons, and her husband. Sibylle Schwarzbeck also held a speech at the collocation ceremony.
		Ickstattstraße 13	Stern, Abraham AdolfAbraham Adolf Stern
		Ickstattstraße 13	Stern, Adolf AronAdolf Aron Stern
		Ickstattstraße 13	Stern, HenrietteHenriette Stern née Grau, also called Jette,
		Ickstattstraße 13	Stern, WilhelmWilhelm Stern

Maxvorstadt

Stone	Inscription	Location	Life and death
No picture yet	HERE LIVED HERMANN FRIEB BORN 1809	Collocation planned for Schellingstraße 78 Currently exhibited at the Kunstpavillon im Alten Botanischen Garten	Frieb, HermannHermann Frieb (de) born 11.12.1909 in Mauerkirchen, Upper Austria, murdered in Munich on 12.08.1943
No picture yet	HERE LIVED WALTER KLINGENBECK BORN 1924 RESISTANCE MOVEMENT ARRESTED 1942 EXECUTED 5.8.1943 STADELHEIM PRISON	Collocation planned for Amalienstraße 44 Currently exhibited at the Kunstpavillon im Alten Botanischen Garten	Walter Klingenbeck Klingenbeck, WalterWalter Klingenbeck (de) was born on 30 March 1924 in Munich. He was a member of the Catholic Youth of St. Ludwig that was dissolved by the Nazis and transferred to the Hitler Youth. After completing his school, Walter began his apprenticeship as a mechanic at Rohde & Schwarz. There he met and befriended Erwin Eidel, Hans Haberl and Daniel von Recklinghausen. The four young men met regularly in Klingenbeck's apartment to listen foreign radio stations like BBC. These were considered Feindsender and it was strictly forbidden to listen to them. Following a call from BBC in August 1941, they painted the V for Victory on about 40 walls and street signs in Bogenhausen and in front of the SS barracks in Freimann. The technically gifted boys also created a short-wave transmitter and aired calls for resistance. On 26 January 1942, Walter Klingenbeck was arrested by the Gestapo, after being denounced by businesswoman Clara Dietmeyer. One day later, his friends were also imprisoned. While his friends were punished with prison sentences, Walter Klingenbeck, who took the entire responsibility, was sentenced to death by the Volksgerichtshof. After more than 18 months, Walter Klingenbeck was beheaded in Munich-Stadelheim on 5 August 1943. He was 19 years old. In Munich a small street is named after Klingenbeck, in Taufkirchen a junior high school bears his name.
No picture yet	HERE LIVED WILHELM OLSCHEWSKI BORN 1871 IM WIDERSTAND/KPD 'SCHUTZHAFT' 1933 DACHAU VERHAFTET 4.2.1942 GEFÄNGNIS STADELHEIM GEFOLTERT ÄRZTLICHE HILFE VERWEIGERT TOT 30.4.1943	Augustenstraße 100
No picture yet	HERE LIVED WILLY OLSCHEWSKI BORN 1902 IM WIDERSTAND/KPD VERHAFTET 1942 VON GESTAPO GEFOLTERT VOLKSGERICHTSHOF TODESURTEIL HINGERICHTET 28.6.1944 MÜNCHEN-STADELHEIM	Augustenstraße 100
No picture yet	HERE LIVED ANTONIE PFÜLF BORN 1877 HUMILIATED/DISENFRANCHISED REFUGE IN DEATH	Collocation planned for Kaulbachstraße 12 Currently exhibited at the Kunstpavillon im Alten Botanischen Garten	File:PfülfAntonie.jpg Antonie Pfülf Pfülf, AntonieAntonie Pfülf (de) born on 14.12.1877 in Metz, Suizid in München am 08.06.1933
	HERE LIVED MAX SAX BORN 1873 INTERNED IN 1909 PSYCHIATRIC WARD EGLFING-HAAR STARVED TO DEATH 30.7.1943	Von-der-Tann-Straße 7	Sax, MaxMax Sax was born 1873. He was interned at the psychiatric ward in Eglfing-Haar in 1909. He was 70 years old and "incurably ill" when doctors deliberately let him starve to death. He died on 30 July 1943. As early as 1939, the director of the Eglfing clinic, the psychiatrist and neurologist Hermann Pfannmüller, wrote to the government of Oberbayern, "that we physicians in regard to medical care for life unworthy of life also draw the last conclusion in the sense of the austerity". Max Sax became a victim of involuntary euthanasia by the Nazi regime.

Schwabing

Stolperstein	Inscription	Location	Life and death
	HERE LIVED ERNA WILHELMINE MITTEREDER BORN 1925 DEPORTED 1941 KAUNAS MURDERED 25.11.1941	Römerstraße 7	Mittereder, Erna WilhelmineErna Wilhelmine Mittereder was born on 20 April 1925 in Munich. Her parents were lawyer Franz Mittereder and Rosa née Loewi (see below). The family first lived in Kaiserstrasse 33, later-on in Römerstraße 7. Erna Wilhelmine Mittereder worked as a housemaid. In June 1940, she and her mother had to move to Bauerstraße 22. On 20 November 1941, both women were deported to Lithuania, together with thousand Jews from Munich. The train was originally bound to Riga, but never arrived there. Mother, daughter and all other passengers were shot immediately after arrival in Kaunas, on 25 November 1941.
	HERE LIVED ROSA MITTEREDER NÉE LOEWI BORN 1891 DEPORTED 1941 KAUNAS MURDERED 25.11.1941	Römerstraße 7	Mittereder, RosaRosa Mittereder née Loewi was born on 25 March 1891 in Adelsdorf, Bavaria. Her parents were Sigmund Loewi and Agathe née Heumann. On 16 July 1923, she was married to lawyer Franz Mittereder (1885-1926). The couple had a daughter, Erna Wilhelmine (see above). The family first lived in Kaiserstrasse 33, later-on in Römerstraße 7. On 20 November 1941, Rosa Mittereder and her daughter were deported to Lithuania, together with thousand Jews from Munich. The train was originally bound to Riga, but never arrived there. Mother, daughter and all other passengers were shot immediately after arrival in Kaunas, on 25 November 1941.
	HERE LIVED HEINRICH OESTREICHER BORN 1868 DEPORTED 1942 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED 15.3.1943	Viktor-Scheffel-Straße 19	Oestreicher, HeinrichHeinrich Oestreicher was born on 12 May 1868 in Munich. His parents were Amson Oestreicher and Johanna née Levinger. He was a wholesaler for furs and wool. On 20 February 1896 he married Anna née Wirth (1869-1935). The couple had two children, Maximilian (born on 15 May 1898) and Erna (born on 19 September 1899). He lived in Viktor-Scheffel-Straße 19. In this building there were three Jewish families. Two families could emigrate to the USA. In 1939 he had to leave his apartment and had to move four times to different collective flats. From February to May 1942 he was interned at the hutment in the Knorrstraße 148. On 23 July 1942 Heinrich Oestreicher was deported with transport II/18 from Munich to Theresienstadt concentration camp. He was murdered by the Nazi regime on 15 March 1943.
	HERE LIVED AMALIE SCHUSTER NÉE REICHENBERGER BORN 1884 DEPORTED 1942 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED 30.4.1944	Franz-Joseph-Straße 19	Schuster, AmalieAmalie Schuster née Reichenberger was born on 31 March 1884 in Munich. His parents were merchant Benzion Reichenberger and Rosa née Reichenberg. She married Joseph Schuster, a merchant (see below). The wedding took place on 2 March 1911 in Munich. The couple lived in Widenmayerstraße 46/III, later-on in Franz-Joseph-Straße 1. Starting in 1938, when her husband was not allowed to work any longer, the couple depended on support from relatives in Germany and from abroad. On 18 July 1942, Amalie Schuster and her husband were deported by transport II/17 from Munich to Theresienstadt concentration camp. Their transport numbers were 840 and 841. Husband and wife both lost their lives in Theresienstadt. Joseph Schuster died on 23 January 1943, Amalie Schuster on 2 May 1944.
	HERE LIVED JOSEPH SCHUSTER BORN 1873 DEPORTED 1942 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED 23.1.1943	Franz-Joseph-Straße 19	Schuster, JosephJoseph Schuster was born on 5 July 1873 in Cologne. His parents were Bernhard and Emilie Schuster. He attended high school in his hometown. Thereafter he lived in England for one year, in France for 18 years and in Switzerland for four years. He became a merchant and married Amalie née Reichenberger (see above). The wedding took place on 2 March 1911 in Munich. The couple lived in Widenmayerstraße 46/III, later-on in Franz-Joseph-Straße 1. In 1926 he became an agent for gunny sacks. In 1938, he had to quit his profession. Thereafter he and his wife depended on support from relatives in Germany and from abroad. On 18 July 1942, Joseph Schuster and his wife were deported by transport II/17 from Munich to Theresienstadt concentration camp. Their transport numbers were 840 and 841. Husband and wife lost their lives in Theresienstadt. According to the death certificate, Joseph Schuster died on 23 January 1943 at 7 o'clock in room 117 of building Q 306. The official cause of death was Angina pectoris (Herzbräune).
	HERE LIVED JEANETTE WEISS NÉE BAUER BORN 1871 DEPORTED 1942 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED 6.8.1942	Viktor-Scheffel-Straße 16	Weiss, JeanetteJeanette Weiss née Bauer was born on 27 March 1871 in Vienna. Her parents were Heinrich Bauer und Magdalena née Hamburger. She was married to Emanuel Weiß (1869-1925), a manufacturer of furniture. The couple had ten children, all but one born in Munich. She became a furniture dealer. On 5 June 1942, Jeanette Weiss was deported by transport II/2 to Theresienstadt concentration camp. The next day, her handicapped daughter Julie Katharina was also deported to Theresienstadt. Jeanette Weiss lost her life there on 6 August 1942. Already during her lifetime, three of her sons were murdered by the Nazi regime: Leopold on 20 June 1941 in Dachau concentration camp (see below), Joseph on 25 November 1941 in Kaunas and Friedrich on 27 May 1942 in Berlin-Plötzensee. Her daughter Julie Katharina Weiss (see below) was deported to Auschwitz concentration camp on 19 October 1944 and was murdered there. Her daughter Rosa Vetter, who lived in Traunstein since 1933, could survive the Shoah.
	HERE LIVED JULIE KATHARINA WEISS BORN 1901 DEPORTED 1942 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED IN AUSCHWITZ	Viktor-Scheffel-Straße 16	Weiss, Julie KatharinaJulie Katharina Weiss was born on 30 May 1901 in Munich. Her parents were Emanuel Weiss and Jeanette née Bauer (see above). She had nine siblings. She suffered from a severe spinal curvature and was paralyzed on both legs. For several times, she underwent long-time inpatient treatment at the sanatorium Neufriedenheim in Fürstenrieder Straße, at last from March 1936 to June 1941. Her mother was deported on 5 June 1942 to Theresienstadt concentration camp. The next day, also Julie Katharina Weiss was deported to Theresienstadt by transport II/3. Her mother lost her life there on 6 August 1942. On 19 October 1944, Julie Katharina Weiss was deported with transport Es to Auschwitz concentration camp. Her transport number was 334 of 1,500. She was murdered there by the Nazi regime. Also three of her brothers were murdered by the Nazi regime, Leopold in Dachau (see below), Joseph n Kaunas and Friedrich in Berlin-Plötzensee.
	HERE LIVED LEOPOLD WEISS BORN 1899 ARRESTED 1939 SACHSENHAUSEN DACHAU MURDERED 20.6.1941	Viktor-Scheffel-Straße 16	Weiss, LeopoldLeopold Weiss was born on 27 February 1899 in Munich. His parents were Emanuel Weiss and Jeanette née Bauer (see above). He had nine siblings. He became a merchant. On 31 May 1928 he married Margarete née Doppers (born on 29 December 1899 in Duisburg). The wedding took place in Frankfurt/Oder where also the first child of the couple was born. Altogether Leopold and Margarete Weiss had three children, Renate (born on 7 May 1928), Herbert (born on 15 August 1929) and Ellen (born on 15 August 1934), the latter both born in Munich. The couple was divorced later-on. Leopold Weiss was arrested and deported to Sachsenhausen concentration camp on 30 October 1939. He was murdered by the Nazi regime at Dachau concentration camp on 20 June 1941. His mother lost her life in Theresienstadt concentration camp. At least three of his siblings were also murdered by the Nazi regime, Joseph in Kaunas, Friedrich in Berlin-Plötzensee and Julie Katharina (see above) in Auschwitz.
	HERE LIVED JUDITH ZIEGLER NÉE GRÜNBERG BORN 1864 DEPORTED 1943 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED 11.5.1943	Viktor-Scheffel-Straße 14	Ziegler, JudithJudith Ziegler née Grünberg was born on 25 December1864 in Kuldīga, Latvia. Her parents were Heimann Grünberg and Jessi née Brode. On 5 August 1885 she married Hermann Ziegler (1859-1934), a general manager. The wedding took place in Breslau, today Poland. The couple moved to Munich in 1931. Judith Ziegler became a widow. She was deported by transport XX to Theresienstadt concentration camp on 20 April 1943. She lost her life there within one month, on 11 May 1943.

Sendling

Stolperstein	Inscription	Location	Life and death
	HERE LIVED BETTY BERGER BORN 1893 DEPORTED 20.11.1941 MURDERED 25.11.1941 KAUNAS	Kyreinstraße 3	Berger, BettyBetty Berger
	HERE LIVED ESTHER BERGER BORN 1929 DEPORTED 20.11.1941 MURDERED 25.11.1941 KAUNAS	Kyreinstraße 3	Berger, EstherEsther Berger
	HERE LIVED HANNA BERGER BORN 1930 DEPORTED 20.11.1941 MURDERED 25.11.1941 KAUNAS	Kyreinstraße 3	Berger, HannaHanna Berger
	HERE LIVED SIMON BERGER BORN 1896 DEPORTED 20.11.1941 MURDERED 25.11.1941 KAUNAS	Kyreinstraße 3	Berger, SimonSimon Berger
	HERE LIVED JULIA FRÜH NÉE BÄR BORN 1874 DEPORTED 16.7.1942 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED IN TREBLINKA	Kyreinstraße 3	Früh, JuliaJulia Früh
	KAUFHAUS GUTMANN SINCE 1912 HERE WORKED EMANUEL GUTMANN NÉE MARX BORN 1873 DEPORTED 1942 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED 1943	Lindwurmstraße 205	{{{2}}}, Emanuel GutmannEmanuel Gutmann
	KAUFHAUS GUTMANN SINCE 1912 HERE WORKED SOFIE GUTMANN NÉE MARX BORN 1878 DEPORTED 1942 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED 1944	Lindwurmstraße 205	{{{2}}}, Sofie GutmannSofie Gutmann
	HERE LIVED EUGENIE ISAAC NÉE LAY BORN 1867 DEPORTED 1942 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED 29.1.1943	Kyreinstraße 3	Isaac, EugenieEugenie Isaac née Lay born on 7 August 1867 in Pforzheim. Her parents were Adolf Lay and Louise née Bodenheim. She was married to Jakob Isaac, a merchant. The couple lived in Cologne and had two childen, Gertrud (born on 19 March 1896) and Adolf (born on 27 November 1897). Her husband died already on 21 March 1901 in Cologne. In 1909 the widow moved to Munich. In May 1942 she was forced to live in hovel in Knorrstraße 148. Some weeks later, on 24 June 1942 she was deported to Theresienstadt concentration camp. There she died on 29 January 1943. The fate of her children is not known.
	HERE LIVED WILHELM MAMMA BORN 1902 DEPORTED 20.11.1941 MURDERED 25.11.1941 KAUNAS	Kyreinstraße 3	Mamma, WilhelmWilhelm Mamma was born on 27 February 1902 in Bozen, then part of the Austrian-Hungarian monarchy. His parents were Bernhard Mamma, a merchant in Munich, and Anna née Schwarz (1878-1938). He had two sisters and a brother. In 1927 he moved to Munich, in 1931 he married Jetty née Spieler (born on 31 July 1906 in Munich). He later-on divorced. On 20 November 1941, he was deported to Lithuania, together with thousand Jews from Munich. The train was originally bound to Riga, but never arrived there. Wilhelm Mamma and all other passengers of this deportation train were shot immediately after arrival in Kaunas on 25 November 1941. His sister Frieda Hajek was deported to Ujazdów and also murdered by the Nazis. His brother could survive in Bratislava, his other sister in Munich.
	HERE LIVED DAVID MAYER BORN 1873 DEPORTED 16.7.1942 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED IN TREBLINKA	Kyreinstraße 3	Mayer, DavidDavid Mayer
	HERE LIVED NATHALIE MAYER NÉE BÄR BORN 1878 DEPORTED 16.7.1942 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED IN TREBLINKA	Kyreinstraße 3	Mayer, NatalieNatalie Mayer
	HERE LIVED IRMA REISS NÉE KULLMANN BORN 1892 DEPORTED 20.11.1941 MURDERED 25.11.1941 KAUNAS	Kyreinstraße 3	Reiss, IrmaIrma Reiss was born on 23 July 1892 in Busenberg. Her parents were Benedikt Kullmann, a merchant, and Ida née Vollmer. She was married in 1919 to Richard Samuel Reiß (see below) and became a housewife. The couple had three children, Oskar (born on 6 May 1921 in Bad Dürkheim), Helene (born on 25 July 1926 in Munich) and Wolfgang (born on 26 December 1932 in Munich, see below). The couple were forced out of their apartment in Mandlstraße 1a/I in 1940 and thereafter lived in Kyreinstraße 3. The last days before deportation their son Wolfgang had to spend in a foster home for Jewish children. On 20 November 1941, Irma Reiß, her husband and their younger son were deported to Lithuania, together with thousand Jews from Munich. The train was originally bound to Riga, but never arrived there. The Reiß family and all other passengers of this deportation train were shot immediately after arrival in Kaunas on 25 November 1941. The report on her death was submitted to Yad Vashem by her son Oskar in 1994. He also submitted reports on the murder of father and brother, of all four of his grandparents and of his aunt Alice. At that time he lived in Denver, Colorado. On 1 April 2017 Dr. Oscar Kully Reiss appeared on an episode of Hometown Heroes and reported that also his sister Helene could survive the Shoah in the USA, ″helped out by family members in Alsace-Lorraine after war broke out in Europe.″ He was then 95 years old.
	HERE LIVED RICHARD REISS BORN 1890 DEPORTED 20.11.1941 MURDERED 25.11.1941 KAUNAS	Kyreinstraße 3	Reiß, Richard SamuelRichard Samuel Reiß was born on 10 June 1890 in Rödersheim. His parents were Elias Reiß, a cattle trader, and Rosa née Vollmer. He had at least one sister, Alice (born 1894). He also became a cattle trader and he was married in 1919 to Irma née Kullmann (see above). The couple had three children, Oskar (born on 6 May 1921 in Bad Dürkheim), Helene (born on 25 July 1926 in Munich) and Wolfgang (born on 26 December 1932 in Munich, see below). The couple were forced out of their apartment in Mandlstraße 1a/I in 1940 and thereafter lived in Kyreinstraße 3. The last days before deportation their son Wolfgang had to spend in a foster home for Jewish children. On 20 November 1941, Richard Reiß, his wife and their younger son were deported to Lithuania, together with thousand Jews from Munich. The train was originally bound to Riga, but never arrived there. The Reiß family and all other passengers of this deportation train were shot immediately after arrival in Kaunas on 25 November 1941. Also his parents and his sister were murdered by the Nazi regime. His older son and his daughter had been sent away from their parents and could survive the Shoah in the USA.
	HERE LIVED WOLFGANG REISS BORN 1932 DEPORTED 20.11.1941 MURDERED 25.11.1941 KAUNAS	Kyreinstraße 3	Reiß, WolfgangWolfgang Reiß was born on 26 December 1932 in Munich. His parents were Richard Reiß and Irma née Kullmann (see above). He had two older siblings, Oskar and Helene. He was a schoolboy and he lived with his parents. His parents were forced out of their apartment in Mandlstraße 1a/I in 1940 and he lived with them in Kyreinstraße 3. The last days before deportation he spent in a foster home for Jewish children. On 20 November 1941, Wolfgang Reiß and his parents were deported to Lithuania, together with thousand Jews from Munich. The train was originally bound to Riga, but never arrived there. The Reiß family and all other passengers of this deportation train were shot immediately after arrival in Kaunas on 25 November 1941. The boy was not even nine years old. All of his grandparents were murdered by the Nazi regime, also his aunt Alice. His siblings could survive in emigration.

• Koordinaten übertragen
• Inschriften ergänzen

Dates of collocations

Gunter Demnig collocating in Munich, June 2017

The Stolpersteine in Munich were collocated by Gunter Demnig on the following days:

• May 2004: Mauerkircherstraße (2 Stolpersteine)
• 1 September 2007: Viktor-Scheffel-Straße 19 (1)
• 12 August 2008: Viktor-Scheffel-Straße 14 and 16 (4)
• 17 May 2009: Haydnstraße 12 (2), Kyreinstraße 3 (11)
• 20 November 2011: Kyreinstraße 3 (Eugenie Isaac)
• 18 April 2013: Lindwurmstraße 205 (2), Liebigstraße/Widenmayerstraße 16 (3)
• 21 December 2013: Entenbachstraße 45 (1), Isartalstraße 34 (1)
• 22 May 2014: Von-der-Tann-Straße 7 (Max Sax)
• 3 July 2016: Liebigstraße/Widenmayerstraße 16 (Ernst Bach)
• 4 July 2016: Bayerstraße 25 (Helene Simons), Franz-Joseph-Straße 19 (Amalie und Joseph Schuster) [4]
• 27 June 2017: Ickstattstraße 13 (13), Herzog-Heinrich-Straße 5 (Bloch, Picard, Seligmann) and Römerstraße 7 (Mittereder)

See also

• List of cities by country that have stolpersteine
• Stolpersteine in Germany

External links

• stolpersteine.eu, Demnig's website
• holocaust.cz, Czech databank of Holocaust victims
• Biographisches Gedenkbuch der Münchner Juden 1933-1945, databank of Munich's city archive
• Yad Vashem, Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names

References

Munich XCategory:Holocaust memorials Stolpersteine XCategory:Holocaust commemoration