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 In chemistry, an amino acid is a molecule containing both amine and carboxyl functional groups. In biochemistry, this term refers to alpha-amino acids with the general formula H2NCHRCOOH, where R is an organic substituent.[1] In the alpha amino acids, the amino and carboxylate groups are attached to the same carbon, which is called the α–carbon. The various alpha amino acids differ in which side chain (R group) is attached to their alpha carbon. They can vary in size from just a hydrogen atom in glycine through a methyl group in alanine to a large heterocyclic group in tryptophan. Beyond the amino acids that are found in all forms of life, many non-natural amino acids have vital roles in technology and industry. For example, the chelating agents EDTA and nitrilotriacetic acid are alpha amino acids that are important in the chemical industry. (more...) Recently highlighted: Two-level utilitarianism – Islamic view of Ezra – Weapon dance |
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 The List of Oklahoma birds lists every wild bird species ever seen in the U.S. state of Oklahoma, as recorded by the Oklahoma Bird Records Committee. |
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- ^ Proline is an exception to this general formula. It lacks the NH2 group because of the cyclization of the side chain.